The Atomistic Nature of Crystal Growth

Mutaftschiev, B.

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-04591-6

Cited by 157 publications

(184 citation statements)

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“…The BFDH (Bravais, Friedel, Donnay, and Harker) theoretical crystal morphology of C8-BTBT also demonstrates that edge-on molecular arrangement is favorable along the 2D crystal plane ( Figure S8, Supporting Information). On the other hand, vapor-deposited fi lms grown at α = 90° point to the vertical growth of organic nano-/microribbons via an island growth mechanism, which may take place either from the beginning of the fi lm growth process (the Volmer-Weber growth mode, γ semiconductor-fi lm + γ semiconductor-substrate interface > γ substrate ), [ 45 ] or follows an initial 2D wetting layer (the Stranski-Krastanov growth mode). Since the Stranski-Krastanov mechanism of layer-plusisland growth has been previously reported for similarly deposited fi lms of p -type semiconductors including metal phthalocyanine derivatives, it is very likely that the present C8-BTBTbased vertical nano-/microribbon formation follows a similar growth mechanism.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro‐/Nanostructured Highly Crystalline Organic Semiconductor Films for Surface‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Applications

Yilmaz

Özdemir

Erdoğan

et al. 2015

Adv Funct Materials

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The utilization of inorganic semiconductors for surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has attracted enormous interest. However, despite the technological relevance of organic semiconductors for enabling inexpensive, large‐area, and flexible devices via solution processing techniques, these π‐conjugated systems have never been investigated for SERS applications. Here for the first time, a simple and versatile approach is demonstrated for the fabrication of novel SERS platforms based on micro‐/nanostructured 2,7‐dioctyl[1]benzothieno[3,2‐b][1]benzothiophene (C8‐BTBT) thin films via an oblique‐angle vapor deposition. The morphology of C8‐BTBT thin films is manipulated by varying the deposition angle, thus achieving highly favorable 3D vertically aligned ribbon‐like micro‐/nanostructures for a 90° deposition angle. By combining C8‐BTBT semiconductor films with a nanoscopic thin Au layer, remarkable SERS responses are achieved in terms of enhancement (≈108), stability (>90 d), and reproducibility (RSD < 0.14), indicating the great promise of Au/C8‐BTBT films as SERS platforms. Our results demonstrate the first example of an organic semiconductor‐based SERS platform with excellent detection characteristics, indicating that π‐conjugated organic semiconductors have a great potential for SERS applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro‐/Nanostructured Highly Crystalline Organic Semiconductor Films for Surface‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Applications

Yilmaz

Özdemir

Erdoğan

et al. 2015

Adv Funct Materials

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“…3A). This effect can be explained by a nucleationand-growth (N&G) mechanism (20), in which the free NPs initially nucleate into small, thermodynamically stable (unless smaller than a critical size) clusters that subsequently grow by the addition of single NPs until all NPs available are used.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light-controlled self-assembly of reversible and irreversible nanoparticle suprastructures

Klajn

Bishop²,

Grzybowski³

2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

405

384

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Nanoparticles (NPs) decorated with ligands combining photoswitchable dipoles and covalent cross-linkers can be assembled by light into organized, three-dimensional suprastructures of various types and sizes. NPs covered with only few photoactive ligands form metastable crystals that can be assembled and disassembled ''on demand'' by using light of different wavelengths. For higher surface concentrations, self-assembly is irreversible, and the NPs organize into permanently cross-linked structures including robust supracrystals and plastic spherical aggregates.azobenzene ͉ colloids ͉ crystallization ͉ dynamic ͉ photoswitchable S elf-assembly (1) induced and controlled by light ‡ is of continuing interest as a promising route to new types of structures and materials (2-4) with potential applications in optics (5), sensing (6), and delivery systems (7). Although considerable progress has been achieved in implementing light-induced self-assembly (LISA) at both colloidal (8, 9) and (macro)molecular scales (10, 11), the underlying phenomena and/or experimental methods have not proven effective at the nanoscale. For example, nanoscopic components of dimensions significantly smaller than the wavelength of light cannot be efficiently addressed and assembled by using optical confinement techniques [e.g., laser interference (8) and optical trapping (9)], on which virtually all colloidal LISA systems are based. At the same time, LISA based on light-induced interactions between nanoscale components coated with photoswitchable molecules (12, 13) has invariably led to disordered precipitates rather than crystalline assemblies. Here, we describe a system that circumvents these limitations, and in which photoisomerization of dithiol molecules bound onto the surfaces of metal nanoparticles (NPs) mediates their LISA into ordered, three-dimensional suprastructures: light-reversible or irreversible crystals (Figs. 1A and 2) and supraspheres of various sizes (Figs. 1 A and 3). The degree of structural reversibility depends on the strength of light-induced, dipole-dipole interactions between the NPs and on the extent of covalent binding between them. Remarkably, for low surface concentrations of dithiol ligands, the assemblies are fully reversible and can be toggled between crystalline and disordered states multiple times by using light of different wavelengths. For higher concentrations, the ligands can permanently cross-link the assemblies, making them either mechanically/thermally robust (crystals) or flexible (spherical aggregates, ''supraspheres''). Results and DiscussionInterparticle Interactions. Our experiments were based on gold nanoparticles (5.6 nm in diameter) prepared according to a modified literature procedure (14) (also see Materials and Methods). The AuNP solutions in toluene/methanol (0-30% v/v methanol content) were stabilized by dodecylamine (DDA) capping agent and didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB) surfactant. To such solutions, different amounts of photoactive trans-azobenzene dithiol ligands [4,4Ј-bis(11-me...

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“…The parameter ψ, in turn, is proportional to the latent heat of crystallization ΔH o cryst [16]. For melt crystallization, typical ΔH o cryst values (and the corresponding ψ) are low and the temperatures are high [17], whereas ΔH o cryst and ψ for growth from a solution are higher and T is constrained by the boiling point of the solvent.…”

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confidence: 99%

Early Onset of Kinetic Roughening due to a Finite Step Width in Hematin Crystallization

2017

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The structure of the interface of a growing crystal with its nutrient phase largely determines the growth dynamics. We demonstrate that hematin crystals, crucial for the survival of malaria parasites, transition from faceted to rough growth interfaces at increasing thermodynamic supersaturation Δμ. Contrary to theoretical predictions and previous observations, this transition occurs at moderate values of Δμ. Moreover, surface roughness varies nonmonotonically with Δμ, and the rate constant for rough growth is slower than that resulting from nucleation and spreading of layers. We attribute these unexpected behaviors to the dynamics of step growth dominated by surface diffusion and the loss of identity of nuclei separated by less than the step width w. We put forth a general criterion for the onset of kinetic roughening using w as a critical length scale.

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The Atomistic Nature of Crystal Growth

Cited by 157 publications

References 0 publications

Micro‐/Nanostructured Highly Crystalline Organic Semiconductor Films for Surface‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Applications

Micro‐/Nanostructured Highly Crystalline Organic Semiconductor Films for Surface‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Applications

Light-controlled self-assembly of reversible and irreversible nanoparticle suprastructures

Early Onset of Kinetic Roughening due to a Finite Step Width in Hematin Crystallization

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