The Automation of Laboratory Gas Chromatographs for On-Line Process Monitoring and Analysis

Hackett, Joseph P.; Gibbon, Gerst A.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-469001-1.50009-x

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Microautoclave reactor gas samples were collected at the completion of each run. Product gases were analyzed at FETC by a previously published method and corrected for molar compressibility. Hydrogen consumption was calculated, based on the difference between initial and final (cold) gas pressure as adjusted for product gas composition .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of First-Stage Liquefaction of Coal with Model Plastic Waste Mixtures

Rothenberger¹,

Cugini²,

Thompson³

et al. 1997

Energy Fuels

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A series of liquefaction tests have been conducted using coal, polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET), in various combinations and proportions. These tests were done in batch microautoclaves, 1-L semibatch reactors, and a small-scale continuous unit. Results on individual plastics showed that PE and PP were converted primarily into aliphatic hydrocarbons, PS into alkyl benzenes, and PET into benzenes, ethane, and carbon dioxide. PE was by far the most difficult of the model plastics to convert. In two-component and multicomponent tests, tetrahydrofuran (THF) conversions could be estimated from the behavior of the individual components under similar conditions. Results were highly sensitive to conditions, especially those of atmosphere and temperature. Higher conversions could be obtained with higher temperatures, provided that retrograde reactions that re-polymerize the products were minimized. Retrograde reactions could be suppressed via the use of a synthesis gas atmosphere and/or the absence of added solvent. Acidic catalysts, such as molecular sieves, also led to higher conversions, but only in systems where coal was absent.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of First-Stage Liquefaction of Coal with Model Plastic Waste Mixtures

Rothenberger¹,

Cugini²,

Thompson³

et al. 1997

Energy Fuels

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Gas and Pressure Analyses. At the completion of each run, product gases were collected and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) according to a previously published method …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Hydrogenation and Dehydrogenation Behavior and Coal Conversion Activity upon the Addition of Coal for Supported and Unsupported Molybdenum Catalysts

et al. 1997

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Two-ring aromatic compounds were used to study catalytic hydrogenation. In the absence of coal, conventional supported catalysts resulted in higher levels of aromatic hydrogenation than unsupported (or dispersed) catalysts. In the presence of coal, the catalytic hydrogenation of the aromatic model compound is suppressed. The net result is that the catalytic hydrogenation activity and coal conversion are similar for supported and unsupported catalysts. The suppression appears to be due to a combination of competition with coal and poisoning of the catalyst. Poisoning is inferred from the results that indicate that suppression of catalytic activity is observed even after coal is removed from the system.

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The use of coal liquefaction catalysts for coal/oil coprocessing and heavy oil upgrading

et al. 1998

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This study investigates the use of supported and dispersed coal liquefaction catalysts in coal-oil coprocessing and petroleum-only systems. The focus of the study was delineating the effects of coal concentration, pressure, and catalyst type. EXPERIMENTAL Materials-The reactants used include Hondo resid (vacuum tower bottoms) and fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) decant oil. The Hondo resid was an 850' F' boiling material from a vacuum distillation tower. The FCC decant oil was a distillate product from an FCC unit and contained 36% 850°F' boiling material. Illinois No. 6 and Blind Canyon bituminous coals were used. Several unsupported catalysts were investigated including aqueous ammonium heptamolybdate (AHM), preformed MoS2 (surface area of 261 m2/g generated from aqueous AHM), Moly-Van-A, Moly-Van-L, sulfated iron oxide and FeOOH impregnated on coal [Z]. Three different supported catalysts were evaluated, two commercial NiMoly-Al203 catalysts (Akzo AO-60 and Amocat 1C) and a novel HT0:Sisupported NMo catalyst in coated form (on an Amocat y-Al203 extrudate) based on hydrous metal oxide technology developed at Sandia National Laboratories. The synthesis of ion exchangeable silica-doped hydrous titanium oxide (HTO: Si) supports and HT0:Si-supported NiMo catalysts in both bulk and coated forms has been discussed DISCLAIMER This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, make any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disdased, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof.

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The Automation of Laboratory Gas Chromatographs for On-Line Process Monitoring and Analysis

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

Investigation of First-Stage Liquefaction of Coal with Model Plastic Waste Mixtures

Investigation of First-Stage Liquefaction of Coal with Model Plastic Waste Mixtures

Comparison of Hydrogenation and Dehydrogenation Behavior and Coal Conversion Activity upon the Addition of Coal for Supported and Unsupported Molybdenum Catalysts

The use of coal liquefaction catalysts for coal/oil coprocessing and heavy oil upgrading

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