The Autonomic Innervation of the Genito-Urinary System

Gruber, Charles M.

doi:10.1152/physrev.1933.13.4.497

Cited by 121 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In mammals the vesical nerve branches from the pelvic plexus join the bladder at the point where the ureters enter (Langley & Anderson, 1895;Elliot, 1907), and according to Gruber (1933) The results presented in this paper indicate that the contractions of the rat bladder, produced by electrical stimuli applied to the ureter, are due to excitation of nerves. The parameters of the stimuli are similar to those which excite autonomic nerve fibres to other organs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Observations on an Isolated, Innervated Preparation of Rat Urinary Bladder

Huković

Rand

Vanov

1965

British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Gruber (1933), in his review on the autonomic innervation of the genito-urinary system, states that " it is now absolutely certain that the autonomic innervation of the bladder comes from two sources, namely, the sympathetic . .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations on an Isolated, Innervated Preparation of Rat Urinary Bladder

Huković

Rand

Vanov

1965

British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…In species other than the rat, contractions of the bladder have been observed on stimulation of the pelvic nerve, hypogastric nerve (see Gruber, 1933;Langley & Anderson, 1895;Elliot, 1907;Edge, 1955;Garret, 1963) and even the vagus nerves (Oehl, 1865, andPalumordwinov, 1916;cited in Gruber, 1933). The absence of responses of the bladder to stimulation of the vagus in the rat shows that in this species the vagus does not contribute motor fibres to the bladder.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RESPONSES OF THE RAT URINARY BLADDER IN SITU TO DRUGS AND TO NERVE STIMULATION

Vanov

1965

British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The autonomic innervation of the urinary bladder has been studied extensively. Langley & Anderson (1895) first showed that stimulation of the pelvic nerves produced contraction of the bladder. Elliot (1907) reported considerable species differences in the innervation of the bladder. The responses of the urinary bladder of several mammalian species (dog, cat, rabbit and ring-tail possum) to drugs and to nerve stimulation have been investigated by Edmunds & Roth (1920), Henderson & Roepke (1935), Edge (1955), Ursillo & Clark (1956) and Burnstock & Campbell (1963).The present paper describes the actions of acetylcholine, nicotine, dimethylphenylpiperazinium and 5-hydroxytryptamine on the rat urinary bladder in situ. Responses of the bladder were elicited by stimulation of its motor nerves and compared with the responses produced by drugs. The results indicate that the autonomic innervation of the urinary bladder of the rat has characteristics of its own. METHODSRats of either sex weighing 180 to 250 g were used. They were anaesthetized by pouring a few drops of halothane on cotton wool in a Perspex box (dimensions 20 x 15 x 15 cm). Complete anaesthesia was obtained within 5 min. The rats were not atropinized because halothane, unlike ether, did not cause mucous secretion. A cannula was inserted into the trachea, the rats were pithed as described by Shipley & Tilden (1947) and immediately put on artificial ventilation. A polyethylene cannula was inserted into a femoral vein for injecting drugs. The blood pressure was recorded from a carotid artery with either a Condon manometer or a pressure transducer (Devices).The lower abdomen was opened along the midline, and the bladder exposed and detached from the prostate gland by blunt dissection. A thread attached to the vertex was fixed to a lever or to a straingauge for recording isotonic contractions, at a tension of 1.5 to 2 g, on a kymograph or a pen-recorder. Cotton-wool swabs soaked with warm saline were laid around the bladder to keep it warm and moist. The vesical nerves were stimulated by shielded platinum electrodes put underneath a ureter a few millimetres from the bladder. Rectangular pulses of 1 to 2 msec duration, and 5 to 10 V strength, generated from a Palmer electronic stimulator, were applied at a frequency of 10 or 20 shocks/sec, for 10 sec every 2 min.The hypogastric nerve was stimulated at about 1 cm from the bladder with pulses of 2 msec duration, 5 to 10 V strength and a frequency of 10 to 50 shocks/sec. In several experiments the right cervical vagus was stimulated. The stimuli applied were of the same duration, strength and frequency as those for the vesical nerves.The nerves were not cut, but stimulation was in effect only of centrifugal fibres, because the central nervous system in these animals had been destroyed by pithing.

show abstract

“…Ejaculation is the passage of this pooled seminal fluid along the penile urethra. While the organs participating in ejaculation are controlled by the parasympathetic internal pudendal nerve, emission is under the direction of the hypogastric nerve (Gruber, 1933;Semans & Langworthy, 1938). The main nerve supply to the vas deferens is of adrenergic nature and the sympathetic fibres which reach the vas via the hypogastric nerve are mainly preganglionic, ending on ganglion cells (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%