The Bagry Reservoir – part 3. The application of hydro-drone smart-sonar-boat in bathymetric measurements of inaccessible water areas

Abstract

Within the borders of the city of Cracow there are several water bodies that are important and valuable in ecological, aesthetic (landscape), economic and recreational aspect. One of them is the Bagry Reservoir, called Bagry Wielkie, situated in Płaszów, in the neighbourhood of the zone designed for industry, warehouses, transport (railway no. 91) and residential areas. Over the whole period of its existence and use, the water body was subdued to frequent geometric changes. Transformations resulted mainly from the demand of the neighbouring brickyards for clay, gravel and sand exploited for the needs of the development in the area of Płaszów, especially during Nazi occupation and the stage of the fi rst phase of the industrialization of socialist Poland (1950Poland ( -1970. The end of exploitation in 1972 and leaving the excavation without carrying out the process of remediation measures caused the return of ground waters to the state of hydro-geological (spontaneous liquidation of the depression funnel). The change in the level of the water table and a very complicated shoreline, typical in this type of post-exploitation water bodies, often cause the separation of the peripheral fragments of the water body from its main part. This limits the possibility of applying popular bathymetric sets, i.e. echo-sonars fi xed on manned boats, carrying out the process of acoustic probing in water areas. In 1999, the small water body located in the south-west part of the study area, was still an integral part of the Bagry. Nowadays it is separated from the main body with a narrow piece of land. Thus the supplementation of hydrographical documentation required the application of automatic measurement tools. The article presents the results of the application of hydro-drone Smart-Sonar-Boat in making a bathymetric map of this poorly accessible fragment of Bagry, making contribution to the cartographic documentation made by R. Gawałkiewicz (Gawałkiewicz R., 2017). ZALEW BAGRY -CZĘŚĆ 3. ZASTOSOWANIE HYDRODRONA SMART-SONAR-BOAT W POMIARACH BATYMETRYCZNYCH TRUDNODOSTĘPNEGO OBSZARU WODNEGOSłowa kluczowe: Zalew Bagry, pomiary hydrografi czne, zastosowanie hydrodronów Streszczenie W granicach miasta Krakowa zlokalizowanych jest kilka ważnych i wartościowych pod względem przyrodniczo-krajobrazowym, gospodarczym oraz rekreacyjnym akwenów wodnych. Jednym z nich jest Zalew Bagry zwany Bagrami Wielkimi, położony w Płaszowie, w sąsiedztwie strefy przemysłowej, magazynowej, komunikacyjnej (linii kolejowej nr 91) oraz mieszkalnej. W całym okresie jego istnienia i użytkowania, akwen ulegał częstym zmianom geometrycznym. Przeobrażenia wynikały głów- GEOINFORMATICA POLONICA 17: 2018

An inventory of opencast mining excavations recultivated in the form of water reservoirs as an example of activities increasing the retention potential of the natural environment: a case study from Poland

“…For the selected reservoirs, a detailed inventory of the shoreline and the adjacent area was made, and models of lake basins constructed in order to determine possible changes in the volume of the reservoir. These measurements were made using integrated geodetic measurement technologies (Gawałkiewicz 2018), including an ultrasonic echo sounder, XY positioning module and a vessel (Gawałkiewicz & Madusiok 2018), as characterized in Table 1. Measurement ranges and accuracy of individual instruments were determined on the basis of information provided by equipment manufacturers (Eagle Electronics 1992, Lowrance 2011a, 2011b, OHMEX Instrumentation 2016) and the results of field research (Wicher 2009).…”

Archives of Mining Sciences

“…The constructed instrument, named by the author as Smart-Sonar-Boat, was designed for the research and inspection works in open-pit mines (Madusiok, 2016). The device enabled the surveyor to perform effective and efficient bathymetric measurements in hard-to-reach areas of the reservoir (Gawałkiewicz & Madusiok, 2018a, 2018b. To increase the precision of aggregate extraction in the researched area, acoustic reflection was analyzed.…”

The Use of Green Laser in LiDAR Bathymetry: State of the Art and Recent Advancements

“…Modeling the bottom of a water reservoir and the surface of the surrounding land is possible with the use of many direct and remote measurement technologies [ 11 ]. These include: depth measuring instruments (handheld probes, stick probes, gauge poles) and remote measurement systems such as: hydroacoustic systems: single and multi-beam echosounders, multi-transducer echosounders or bathymetric interferometric systems that measure from a boat, as well as aerial and satellite laser systems.…”