Within the borders of the city of Cracow there are several water bodies that are important and valuable in ecological, aesthetic (landscape), economic and recreational aspect. One of them is the Bagry Reservoir, called Bagry Wielkie, situated in Płaszów, in the neighbourhood of the zone designed for industry, warehouses, transport (railway no. 91) and residential areas. Over the whole period of its existence and use, the water body was subdued to frequent geometric changes. Transformations resulted mainly from the demand of the neighbouring brickyards for clay, gravel and sand exploited for the needs of the development in the area of Płaszów, especially during Nazi occupation and the stage of the fi rst phase of the industrialization of socialist Poland (1950Poland ( -1970. The end of exploitation in 1972 and leaving the excavation without carrying out the process of remediation measures caused the return of ground waters to the state of hydro-geological (spontaneous liquidation of the depression funnel). The change in the level of the water table and a very complicated shoreline, typical in this type of post-exploitation water bodies, often cause the separation of the peripheral fragments of the water body from its main part. This limits the possibility of applying popular bathymetric sets, i.e. echo-sonars fi xed on manned boats, carrying out the process of acoustic probing in water areas. In 1999, the small water body located in the south-west part of the study area, was still an integral part of the Bagry. Nowadays it is separated from the main body with a narrow piece of land. Thus the supplementation of hydrographical documentation required the application of automatic measurement tools. The article presents the results of the application of hydro-drone Smart-Sonar-Boat in making a bathymetric map of this poorly accessible fragment of Bagry, making contribution to the cartographic documentation made by R. Gawałkiewicz (Gawałkiewicz R., 2017). ZALEW BAGRY -CZĘŚĆ 3. ZASTOSOWANIE HYDRODRONA SMART-SONAR-BOAT W POMIARACH BATYMETRYCZNYCH TRUDNODOSTĘPNEGO OBSZARU WODNEGOSłowa kluczowe: Zalew Bagry, pomiary hydrografi czne, zastosowanie hydrodronów Streszczenie W granicach miasta Krakowa zlokalizowanych jest kilka ważnych i wartościowych pod względem przyrodniczo-krajobrazowym, gospodarczym oraz rekreacyjnym akwenów wodnych. Jednym z nich jest Zalew Bagry zwany Bagrami Wielkimi, położony w Płaszowie, w sąsiedztwie strefy przemysłowej, magazynowej, komunikacyjnej (linii kolejowej nr 91) oraz mieszkalnej. W całym okresie jego istnienia i użytkowania, akwen ulegał częstym zmianom geometrycznym. Przeobrażenia wynikały głów- GEOINFORMATICA POLONICA 17: 2018
The paper presents the procedure and results of monitoring conducted by using a 3D measurement model, taking advantage of integrated surveying technologies developed for a building located within an activated landslide area. Geodynamic interactions within the building have resulted in a spatial deformation condition, leading to significant cracks of structure components and local basement floor upheavals. Conducted site research shows a reactivation of an old landslide form. To provide safe use conditions for the building, it was decided to monitor the structure and the area in its vicinity. Meeting this demand required developing an in-house monitoring system for the landslide form and the very structure. Measurements provided detailed information on the sizes and directions for the displacements of ground surface points and building structure points, as well as the dynamic properties of this phenomenon. Obtained results show the opportunity to use monitoring systems to acquire credible measurements data reflecting the real impact of ground landslide deformations on structures.
Summary:Krakow's anthropogenic water bodies make up an attractive element of the city landscape. The largest and most-valuable in ecological, landscape and economic aspects are Bagry, Staw Płaszowski, Zakrzówek, and the complex of water bodies in Przylasek Rusiecki. Especially worth noting is the Bagry Reservoir (Zalew Bagry) located near the city center, which has yet to be thoroughly inventoried despite being used since the 1970s. The scientific studies carried out thus far have covered only selected elements of the geosphere; i.e., investigating the flora and fauna resources (biosphere and hydrosphere), searching for aggregate resources, and drilling the clay and silt by geological-engineering (lithosphere). So far, the underground part has not been geo-morphologically documented, even though Bagry has functioned as an attractive bathing resort and a sporting venue in the center of Krakow for many years. In many scientific works and press articles, a lot of information can be found on selected morphometric parameters; however, these values require verification, as they are not current for the most part and do not reflect the actual situation. Nowadays, surveying teams have measurement and information technology tools that allow for the creation of situation and altitude maps (of the surface) and hydrographical (bathymetric) maps, which will allow for an assessment of the characteristics of the water areas and their adaptation for community purposes (recreation, sport, didactic, education, nature, etc.). This article presents the results of hydrographical measurements of Bagry and a full analysis of the morphometric parameters of the reservoir.
In the present borders of the city of Krakow there are many post-mining pits, often called "wounds" in the landscape. They form post-exploitation troughs after the mining of: clay, sand, gravel and limestone, now filled with precipitation waters, meltdown waters and ground waters. Once mining objects, nowadays they fulfil various functions: sport and recreational, ecological and cultural, economic and educational. In terms of nature and landscape (due to the impact of natural forces functioning as an unorganized area), one of the biggest and most beautiful water bodies in the city is the Bagry Lake. Despite its localization near the strict centre of the city and belonging to the newest objects of this type (exploitation ended in 1972), the water body of Bagry has not been thoroughly inventoried so far. The combination of hydrographic data obtained by the author and bibliographic query of literature and archive data allowed us to fully illustrate the stages of the water body formation and to describe the characteristic of the borrow pit. ZALEW BAGRY -CZĘŚĆ 1. KWERENDA BIBLIOGRAFICZNA DANYCH LITERATUROWO-ARCHIWALNYCH W WYJAŚNIENIU EWOLUCJI ZBIORNIKASłowa kluczowe: Zalew Bagry, historia eksploatacji górniczej Abstrakt W obecnych granicach miasta Krakowa zlokalizowanych jest wiele wyrobisk pogórniczych, często nazywanych "ranami" w krajobrazie. Stanowią niecki poeksploatacyjne po złożach: gliny, piasku, żwiru, wapienia, dziś wypełnione wodami opadowymi, roztopowymi i gruntowymi. Niegdyś obiekty górnicze, w chwili obecnej pełnią wielorakie funkcje: sportowo-rekreacyjne, przyrodniczo-kulturowe, gospodarcze i edukacyjne. Jednym z największych i najpiękniejszych akwenów wodnych miasta pod względem przyrodniczo-krajobrazowym (dzięki oddziaływaniu sił przyrody), funkcjonującym jako teren nieurządzony jest Zalew Bagry. Mimo iż zlokalizowany jest w pobliżu ścisłego centrum miasta i należy do grupy najmłodszych tego typu obiektów (eksploatacja zakończona w 1972 roku), dotychczas nie doczekał się pełnej inwentaryzacji. Połączenie danych hydrograficznych, pozyskanych przez autora, oraz kwerenda bibliograficzna danych literaturowo-archiwalnych, pozwoliły na pełne zilustrowanie etapów kształtowania zbiornika oraz opis charakterystyki wyrobiska.
Abstract. In Poland, there are many mining enterprises, of historic character registered in the UNESCO World Heritage List. One of the oldest mining enterprises in Poland is the Salt Mine in Bochnia. The processes inside the rock mass require that surveying services carry out regular geometric control of the cavities. A particular attention should be paid (due to its sacral function) on St. Kinga Chamber, located 195 metres below the surface, on the mine level "August". So far measurement technologies have been connected with the studies on changes in the geometry of cavities and based on linear bases used to measure convergence. This only provides discrete information (in a point) and not always presents a real state of deformation. In the scanning method, in practice a three dimension image of changes (structural deformations) is obtained, impossible to determine with the application of measurement methods, applied to measure the value of linear convergence (the method with a limited number of bases). Laser scanning, apart from determining the value of volume convergence, gives also the possibility of the visualization of 3D cavern. Moreover, it provides direct information to update mining numerical maps and make it possible to generate various cross-sections through the cavern. The authors analysed the possibility of the application of laser scanning (scanner Faro Focus 3D), as a modern tool allowing the measuring of the value of volume convergence.
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