The Barrier Model and Strong Ground Motion

Παπαγεωργιου, Αποστολοσ

doi:10.1007/pl00012552

Cited by 36 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 80 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These branches can also lengthen or shorten the transition length to supershear. Our observations suggest that short branches extending from a main fault may be a physical mechanism for ''fault barriers'' discussed by AKI (1979) and which seismologist have postulated to explain velocity fluctuations in ruptures (HUSSEINI et al, 1975;PAPAGEORGIOU, 2003). Recent calculations by BHAT et al (2006) suggest that branches with friction produce results similar to ours, but they require longer branches of scaled length > 6R to slow or stop a dynamic rupture.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Interaction of a Dynamic Rupture on a Fault Plane with Short Frictionless Fault Branches

Biegel

Sammis

Rosakis

2007

Pure appl. geophys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Spontaneous bilateral mode II shear ruptures were nucleated on faults in photoelastic Homalite plates loaded in uniaxial compression. Rupture velocities were measured and the interaction between the rupture front and short fault branches was observed using high-speed digital photography. Fault branches were formed by machining slits of varying lengths that intersected the fault plane over a range of angles. These branches were frictionless because they did not close under static loading prior to shear rupture nucleation. Three types of behavior were observed. First, the velocity of both rupture fronts was unaffected when the fault branches were oriented 45°to the main slip surface and the length of the branches were less than or equal to $0.75 R 0 * (where R 0 * is the slip-weakening distance in the limit of low rupture speed and an infinitely long slip-pulse). Second, rupture propagation stopped at the branch on the compressive side of the rupture tip but was unaffected by the branch on the tensile side when the branches were $1.5 R 0 * in length and remained oriented 45°to the principle slip surface. Third, branches on the tensile side of the rupture tip nucleated tensile ''wing tip'' extensions when the branches were oriented at 70°to the interface. Third, when the branches were oriented at 70°to the interface, branches on the tensile side of the rupture tip nucleated tensile ''wing-crack'' extensions. We explain these observations using a model in which the initial uniaxial load produces stress concentrations at the tips of the branches, which perturb the initial stress field on the rupture plane. These stress perturbations affect both the resolved shear stress driving the rupture and the fault-normal stress that controls the fault strength, and together they explain the observed changes in rupture speed.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Interaction of a Dynamic Rupture on a Fault Plane with Short Frictionless Fault Branches

Biegel

Sammis

Rosakis

2007

Pure appl. geophys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Locked fault patches, due to some type of asperity or barrier, are accepted as having fundamental roles in initiation and termination of earthquake ruptures and slip distributions in space and time [23][24][25][26] . Barriers are resistant to failure and do not show microseismicity during the inter-seismic period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An earthquake gap south of Istanbul

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…More recently, two additional points from the 1989 Loma Prieta and 1992 Landers, California, earthquakes have been added to the variation of the barrier interval with moment magnitude [32,33]. The updated results are also summarized in References [20,21].…”

Section: A Simple Mathematical Model For Near-fault Ground Motion Pulsesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…As we discuss in Reference [5], A is closely related to (and controlled by) the 'slip velocity', u, on the fault plane [18], which scales with the dynamic stress drop. The latter is directly related to the local stress drop, L , that has been observed to be a very stable parameter [19][20][21]. Reasoning di erently, the slip velocity, u, scales with the ratio of the average slip, u, over the rise time, (i.e.…”

Section: A Simple Mathematical Model For Near-fault Ground Motion Pulsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near‐fault ground motions, and the response of elastic and inelastic single‐degree‐of‐freedom (SDOF) systems

Mavroeidis

Dong

Παπαγεωργιου

2004

Earthq Engng Struct Dyn

Self Cite

406

188

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYIn order to investigate the response of structures to near-fault seismic excitations, the ground motion input should be properly characterized and parameterized in terms of simple, yet accurate and reliable, mathematical models whose input parameters have a clear physical interpretation and scale, to the extent possible, with earthquake magnitude. Such a mathematical model for the representation of the coherent (long-period) ground motion components has been proposed by the authors in a previous study and is being exploited in this article for the investigation of the elastic and inelastic response of the single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system to near-fault seismic excitations. A parametric analysis of the dynamic response of the SDOF system as a function of the input parameters of the mathematical model is performed to gain insight regarding the near-fault ground motion characteristics that signiÿcantly a ect the elastic and inelastic structural performance. A parameter of the mathematical representation of near-fault motions, referred to as 'pulse duration' (T P ), emerges as a key parameter of the problem under investigation. Speciÿcally, T P is employed to normalize the elastic and inelastic response spectra of actual near-fault strong ground motion records. Such normalization makes feasible the speciÿcation of design spectra and reduction factors appropriate for near-fault ground motions. The 'pulse duration' (T P ) is related to an important parameter of the rupture process referred to as 'rise time' ( ) which is controlled by the dimension of the sub-events that compose the mainshock.

show abstract

The Barrier Model and Strong Ground Motion

Cited by 36 publications

References 80 publications

Interaction of a Dynamic Rupture on a Fault Plane with Short Frictionless Fault Branches

Interaction of a Dynamic Rupture on a Fault Plane with Short Frictionless Fault Branches

An earthquake gap south of Istanbul

Near‐fault ground motions, and the response of elastic and inelastic single‐degree‐of‐freedom (SDOF) systems

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About