The basalt pipes of the Tunguska Basin (Siberia, Russia): High temperature processes and volatile degassing into the end-Permian atmosphere

Polozov, Alexander G.; Svensen, Henrik; Planke, Sverre; Grishina, S. N.; Fristad, Kirsten E.; Jerram, Dougal A.

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.06.035

Cited by 36 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…However, pyroclastic rocks are abundant in the interval of 68°-62°(figure 1; e.g. [16]), potentially linked to explosive eruptions from evaporite-rooted pipes [7,18,28]. Sills are present in most parts of the Tunguska Basin and are emplaced throughout the sedimentary succession from the basal Vendian carbonates and clastic lithologies to the uppermost Late Permian fluvial coal-bearing sandstones and siltstones (the Tunguska Series; e.g.…”

Section: Sedimentary and Volcanic Rocks In The Tunguska Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sill emplacement within the Siberian LIP led to contact metamorphism, widespread magma-sediment interactions, the formation of degassing pipes and precipitation of ores (e.g. [7,18,[29][30][31][32]). The timing of sill emplacement overlaps the global negative carbon isotope excursion that characterizes the End-Permian event and is potentially preceded by the first extrusive phase [14].…”

Section: Sedimentary and Volcanic Rocks In The Tunguska Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is evidence of numerous pipe and vent structures throughout the basin (e.g. [18]; see distribution in figure 1), which indicate that catastrophic gas escape occurred at a large number of sites during the emplacement of the Siberian Traps [7]. Individual sills may have reached volumes of greater than 5000 km 3 , potentially resulting in decadal-scale climate change [19] following the release of the gases to the atmosphere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sills and gas generation in the Siberian Traps

Svensen

Фролов

Ахманов

et al. 2018

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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On its way to the surface, the Siberian Traps magma created a complex sub-volcanic plumbing system. This resulted in a large-scale sill emplacement within the Tunguska Basin and subsequent release of sediment-derived volatiles during contact metamorphism. The distribution of sills and the released sediment-stored gas volume is, however, poorly constrained. In this paper, results from a study of nearly 300 deep boreholes intersecting sills are presented. The results show that sills with thicknesses above 100 m are abundant throughout the upper part of the sedimentary succession. A high proportion of the sills was emplaced within the Cambrian evaporites with average thicknesses in the 115-130 m range and a maximum thickness of 428 m. Thermal modelling of the cooling of the sills shows that the contact metamorphic aureoles are capable of generating 52-80 tonnes of CO m with contributions from both marine and terrestrial carbon. When up-scaling these borehole results, an area of 12-19 000 km is required to generate 1000 Gt CO This represents only 0.7-1.2% of the total area in the Tunguska Basin affected by sills, emphasizing the importance of metamorphic gas generation in the Siberian Traps. These results strengthen the hypothesis of a sub-volcanic trigger and driver for the environmental perturbations during the End-Permian crisis.This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Hyperthermals: rapid and extreme global warming in our geological past'.

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Section: Sedimentary and Volcanic Rocks In The Tunguska Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sedimentary and Volcanic Rocks In The Tunguska Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sills and gas generation in the Siberian Traps

Svensen

Фролов

Ахманов

et al. 2018

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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“…In this case additional fluids are generated by the reaction of the melt with the sediment, which can lead to enhanced fluid migration and brecciation along intrusion boundaries, and also lead to venting at sill tips to the surface (e.g. Jerram et al 2016;Polozov et al 2016). …”

Section: Sill Emplacement Mechanisms Morphology and Relationship To mentioning

confidence: 99%

Basin-scale architecture of deeply emplaced sill complexes: Jameson Land, East Greenland

Eide

Schofield

Jerram

et al. 2016

JGS

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Igneous sills are common components in rifted sedimentary basins globally. Much work has focused on intrusions emplaced at relatively shallow palaeodepths (0 -1.5 km). However, owing to constraints of seismic reflection imaging and limited field exposures, intrusions emplaced at deeper palaeodepths (>1.5 km) within sedimentary basins are not as well understood in regard to their emplacement mechanisms and host-rock interactions. Results from a world-class, seismic-scale outcrop of intruded Jurassic sedimentary rocks in East Greenland are presented here. Igneous intrusions and their host rocks have been studied in the field and utilizing a 22 km long 'virtual outcrop' acquired using helicopter-mounted lidar. The results suggest that the geometries of the deeply emplaced sills (c. 3 km) are dominantly controlled by host-rock lithology, sedimentology and cementation state. Sills favour mudstones and even exploit centimetre-scale mudstone-draped dune-foresets in otherwise homogeneous sandstones. Sills in poorly cemented intervals show clear ductile structures, in contrast to sills in cemented units, which show only brittle emplacement structures. The studied host rock is remarkably undeformed despite intrusion. Volumetric expansion caused by the intrusions is almost exclusively accommodated by vertical jack-up of the overburden, on a 1:1 ratio, implying that intrusions may play a significant role in uplift of a basin if emplaced at deep basinal levels.

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“…On the other hand, mechanisms reducing porosity and permeability include metamorphic reactions and transformation of sedimentary rocks to hornfel (Senger et al, ). Such contact metamorphic reactions led to the deposition of massive ore deposits (e.g., Ganino & Arndt, ; Polozov et al, ). Currently, the petrophysical implications of the complex processes within contact metamorphic aureoles on hydrocarbon‐bearing igneous complexes are poorly known (e.g., Courtillot & Renne, ; Brune, Williams, & Müller, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low resistivity zones at contacts of igneous intrusions emplaced in organic‐rich formations and their implications on fluid flow and petroleum systems: A case study in the northern Neuquén Basin, Argentina

Spacapan¹,

́Odorico²,

Palma³

et al. 2019

Basin Research

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Igneous sills and laccoliths emplaced in sedimentary basins may significantly impact petroleum systems, both positively and negatively. Igneous intrusions provide heat to maturate regionally immature organic-rich host rocks, act as fractured reservoirs hosting commercial accumulations of hydrocarbons, and form structures affecting fluid flow and trapping at different scales. Nevertheless, the petrophysical implications of igneous intrusions on their host rock are poorly known. In this study, we analyse 200 wells in the Río Grande Valley oil field, Neuquén basin, Argentina, where the main reservoirs are in fractured igneous sills. This dataset represents a globally unique possibility to characterize the igneous-host rock interaction using both wireline logs and core material. We identify a systematic Contact Low Resistivity Zone (CLRsZ) at both the upper and lower contacts of the sills emplaced in the organicrich Vaca Muerta and Agrio Formations. We characterize the nature of these CLRsZ and their petrophysical properties by integrating resistivity and gamma ray well logs, petrographic analyses, petrophysical tests and geochemical analyses. The low resistivity signal of the CLRsZ is dominantly carried by massive-sulphide deposits, mainly pyrite, observed both in the host rock and the chilled margin of the sills. Well log images and porosity-permeability analysis on core plugs show that both the sills and their associated CLRsZ can act as carrier for fluid flow and reservoir for hydrocarbons storage. The thickness of the upper and lower CLRsZ correlates linearly with the thickness of the sill, and the volume of both the upper and lower CLRsZ represents ca. 40% with respect to the volume of their associated sill. The thickness of the CLRsZ represents ca. 13% of the thickness of contact aureole induced by the sills. In the CLRsZ, a great proportion of kerogen was transformed to hydrocarbon, so that CLRsZ were restricted to the innermost contact aureole of the sills. Our results show that the CLRsZ can have major implications on fluid flow and should be considered in reservoir models in volcanic basins hosting sills emplaced in organic-rich formations. 4 | EAGE SPACAPAN et Al.

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The basalt pipes of the Tunguska Basin (Siberia, Russia): High temperature processes and volatile degassing into the end-Permian atmosphere

Cited by 36 publications

References 45 publications

Sills and gas generation in the Siberian Traps

Sills and gas generation in the Siberian Traps

Basin-scale architecture of deeply emplaced sill complexes: Jameson Land, East Greenland

Low resistivity zones at contacts of igneous intrusions emplaced in organic‐rich formations and their implications on fluid flow and petroleum systems: A case study in the northern Neuquén Basin, Argentina

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