The benefits of adipocyte metabolism in bone health and regeneration

Burkhardt, Lisa-Marie; Bucher, Christian H.; Löffler, Julia; Rinne, Charlotte; Duda, Georg N.; Geißler, Sven; Schulz, Tim J.; Schmidt‐Bleek, Katharina

doi:10.3389/fcell.2023.1104709

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 202 publications

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“…rBMAT, which also expands in the proximal tibia during aging and obesity, has been described to contain more saturated fatty acids (9). The fatty acid composition in the proximal part of the tibia of CR mice was therefore more similar to distal BMAT, which indicates that the type of fat that forms upon CR might be more related to cBMAT, which arises early in life and is thought to play a more physiological beneficial role compared to rBMAT (17,41). Our data further show that fatty acid desaturation might occur directly in the bone as the expression of stearoyl-Coadesaturase 1 (Scd1) is upregulated upon CR and the ratio of monounsaturated palmitoleic acid over the saturated palmitic acid is consistently elevated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caloric restriction reduces trabecular bone loss during aging and improves bone marrow adipocyte endocrine function in male mice

Rinne,

Soultoukis,

Oveisi

et al. 2024

Front. Endocrinol.

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IntroductionCaloric restriction (CR) is a nutritional intervention that increases life expectancy while lowering the risk for cardio-metabolic disease. Its effects on bone health, however, remain controversial. For instance, CR has been linked to increased accumulation of bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) in long bones, a process thought to elicit detrimental effects on bone. Qualitative differences have been reported in BMAT in relation to its specific anatomical localization, subdividing it into physiological and potentially pathological BMAT. We here examine the local impact of CR on bone composition, microstructure and its endocrine profile in the context of aging.MethodsYoung and aged male C57Bl6J mice were subjected to CR for 8 weeks and were compared to age-matched littermates with free food access. We assessed bone microstructure and BMAT by micro-CT, bone fatty acid and transcriptomic profiles, and bone healing.ResultsCR increased tibial BMAT accumulation and adipogenic gene expression. CR also resulted in elevated fatty acid desaturation in the proximal and mid-shaft regions of the tibia, thus more closely resembling the biochemical lipid profile of the distally located, physiological BMAT. In aged mice, CR attenuated trabecular bone loss, suggesting that CR may revert some aspects of age-related bone dysfunction. Cortical bone, however, was decreased in young mice on CR and remained reduced in aged mice, irrespective of dietary intervention. No negative effects of CR on bone regeneration were evident in either young or aged mice.DiscussionOur findings indicate that the timing of CR is critical and may exert detrimental effects on bone biology if administered during a phase of active skeletal growth. Conversely, CR exerts positive effects on trabecular bone structure in the context of aging, which occurs despite substantial accumulation of BMAT. These data suggest that the endocrine profile of BMAT, rather than its fatty acid composition, contributes to healthy bone maintenance in aged mice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caloric restriction reduces trabecular bone loss during aging and improves bone marrow adipocyte endocrine function in male mice

Rinne,

Soultoukis,

Oveisi

et al. 2024

Front. Endocrinol.

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“…Adiponectin is an adipocytokine that is intensively expressed in human adipose tissue [68][69][70][71][72]. It is secreted almost exclusively by adipocytes, mainly in visceral adipose tissue and, to a lesser extent, in peripheral adipose tissue and bone marrow.…”

Section: Adiponectinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adiponectin also exhibits anti-osteoporotic activity, promoting differentiation and mineralization of osteoblasts and inhibiting the secretion of OPG [100]. Adiponectin stimulates the expression of osteocalcin, which acts as a hormone regulating glucose metabolism and fat mass [72,73,87,[101][102][103][104][105][106]. The potential effect of adiponectin on osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and therefore on bone remodeling, may be mediated through the endocrine system and may influence lipid metabolism.…”

Section: Adiponectinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Bone Tissue Metabolism: Current Findings and Future Perspectives

Drapkina,

Elkina,

Sheptulina

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is reaching epidemic proportions worldwide. Moreover, the prevalence of this liver disease is expected to increase rapidly in the near future, aligning with the rise in obesity and the aging of the population. The pathogenesis of NAFLD is considered to be complex and to include the interaction between genetic, metabolic, inflammatory, and environmental factors. It is now well documented that NAFLD is linked to the other conditions common to insulin resistance, such as abnormal lipid levels, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Additionally, it is considered that the insulin resistance may be one of the main mechanisms determining the disturbances in both bone tissue metabolism and skeletal muscles quality and functions in patients with NAFLD. To date, the association between NAFLD and osteoporosis has been described in several studies, though it worth noting that most of them included postmenopausal women or elderly patients and originated from Asia. However, taking into account the health and economic burdens of NAFLD, and the increasing prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents worldwide, further investigation of the relationship between osteopenia, osteoporosis and sarcopenia in NAFLD, including in young and middle-aged patients, is of great importance. In addition, this will help to justify active screening and surveillance of osteopenia and osteoporosis in patients with NAFLD. In this review, we will discuss various pathophysiological mechanisms and possible biologically active molecules that may interplay between NAFLD and bone tissue metabolism.

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“…Among these, adiponectin is the most abundant and is secreted predominantly by the white adipose tissue. Notably, adiponectin has anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic effects, and plays an important role in lipid and glucose metabolism by increasing insulin sensitivity, promoting the oxidation of free fatty acids, decreasing de novo synthesis/accumulation of lipids and protecting hepatic cells from apoptosis (23,24). The effects of adiponectin on the liver are mediated by its receptors (AdipoR1, AdipoR2), interacting with the adaptor protein phosphotyrosine interaction (APPL1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-osteoporotic treatments in the era of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: friend or foe

Chondrogianni,

Kyrou,

Androutsakos

et al. 2024

Front. Endocrinol.

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Over the last years non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has grown into the most common chronic liver disease globally, affecting 17-38% of the general population and 50-75% of patients with obesity and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). NAFLD encompasses a spectrum of chronic liver diseases, ranging from simple steatosis (non-alcoholic fatty liver, NAFL) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH; or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, MASH) to fibrosis and cirrhosis with liver failure or/and hepatocellular carcinoma. Due to its increasing prevalence and associated morbidity and mortality, the disease-related and broader socioeconomic burden of NAFLD is substantial. Of note, currently there is no globally approved pharmacotherapy for NAFLD. Similar to NAFLD, osteoporosis constitutes also a silent disease, until an osteoporotic fracture occurs, which poses a markedly significant disease and socioeconomic burden. Increasing emerging data have recently highlighted links between NAFLD and osteoporosis, linking the pathogenesis of NAFLD with the process of bone remodeling. However, clinical studies are still limited demonstrating this associative relationship, while more evidence is needed towards discovering potential causative links. Since these two chronic diseases frequently co-exist, there are data suggesting that anti-osteoporosis treatments may affect NAFLD progression by impacting on its pathogenetic mechanisms. In the present review, we present on overview of the current understanding of the liver-bone cross talk and summarize the experimental and clinical evidence correlating NAFLD and osteoporosis, focusing on the possible effects of anti-osteoporotic drugs on NAFLD.

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The benefits of adipocyte metabolism in bone health and regeneration

Cited by 8 publications

References 202 publications

Caloric restriction reduces trabecular bone loss during aging and improves bone marrow adipocyte endocrine function in male mice

Caloric restriction reduces trabecular bone loss during aging and improves bone marrow adipocyte endocrine function in male mice

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Bone Tissue Metabolism: Current Findings and Future Perspectives

Anti-osteoporotic treatments in the era of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: friend or foe

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