The Berezovsk giant intrusion-related gold-quartz deposit, Urals, Russia: Evidence for multiple magmatic and metamorphic fluid reservoirs

Викентьева, О. В.; Бортников, Н. С.; Vikentyev, I. V.; Groznova, E. O.; Lyubimtseva, N. G.; Мурзин, В. В.

doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2017.08.018

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The presence of N 2 -CO 2 -(H 2 O) fluids in equilibrium with biotite and reduced nature of hydrothermal fluid (abundance of pyrrhotite in ores and H 2 S in FIs) for Q1a and abundance of telluride mineralisation for Q3 suggest the possible participation of mantle fluid in the ore formation. N 2 -rich inclusions were also found in the intrusion-related gold deposits [68][69][70][71] as well as in quartz from I-type granite [72]. The latter suggests the magmatic fluid enrichment by N 2 .…”

Section: Fluid Compositionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Contrasting Fluids in the Svetlinsk Gold-Telluride Hydrothermal System, South Urals

et al. 2019

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The large gold-telluride Svetlinsk deposit (~135 t Au) is considered to be a nontraditional one in the Urals and its origin is debated. A specific feature of the deposit is the abundance of various tellurides, such as tellurides of Fe, Ni, Pb, Sb, Bi, Ag, and Au. The new data of microthermometry, Raman spectroscopy, LA-ICP-MS, and crush-leach analysis (gas and ion chromatography, ICP-MS) for fluid inclusions as well as O-isotope data for quartz were obtained for the construction of PTX parameters of ore-formation and fluid sources in the deposit. Mineralisation was formed at a wide range of temperature and pressure (200–400 °C, 1–4 kbar) and from contrasting fluids with multiple sources. At the early stages, the magmatic fluid evolved during its ascent and phase separation and the fluid derived from the host rock decarbonation and dehydration were involved in the hydrothermal system. In addition, mantle-derived fluid might be involved in the ore-forming process during gold-telluride precipitation as well as heated meteoric waters during the late stages. Early fluids were rich in H2S, S0, and CH4, while the Au-Te mineralisation was formed from N2-rich fluid.

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Section: Fluid Compositionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Contrasting Fluids in the Svetlinsk Gold-Telluride Hydrothermal System, South Urals

et al. 2019

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“…The size of later gold-II grains is larger (commonly 0.05-0.5 mm, up to 1 mm, and rarely more). Gold fineness ranges 729-904 [64]. The contents of Au and Ag in sulphides are as follows: pyrite 0.18-73.5 ppm Au and <0.2-92 ppm Ag; galena 0.15-2.96 Apy-2 has the average ratio As/S = 1.04 ± 0.03, and the Au content in Apy-2 varies from the detection limit to 1.23 wt% (Figure 8).…”

Section: The Berezovsk Gold Depositmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Berezovsk Gold Depositmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The paper proposes an application of the modern achievements in the field of the analytical techniques for advancing the theoretical basis of the NM behaviour in hydrothermal ore mineralising systems with emphasises on economically significant genetic types of ore deposits. Quartz-sulphide veins of the Berezovsk deposit (about 55% of total gold reserves) contain 90-95 vol% of quartz, 5-10 vol% of sulphides and average 18-20 g/t Au [64]. Impregnated sulphide ores-hydrothermal-altered granitoid dykes ("beresite")-contain 1-2 vol% of pyrite and 0.1-5 g/t Au (commonly 0.2-1.3 g/t) (Tables 1 and 2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Noble Metal Speciations in Hydrothermal Sulphides

et al. 2021

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A significant part of the primary gold reserves in the world is contained in sulphide ores, many types of which are refractory in gold processing. The deposits of refractory sulphide ores will be the main potential source of gold production in the future. The refractory gold and silver in sulphide ores can be associated with micro- and nano-sized inclusions of Au and Ag minerals as well as isomorphous, adsorbed and other species of noble metals (NM) not thoroughly investigated. For gold and gold-bearing deposits of the Urals, distribution and forms of NM were studied in base metal sulphides by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and by neutron activation analysis. Composition of arsenopyrite and As-pyrite, proper Au and Ag minerals were identified using electron probe microanalysis. The ratio of various forms of invisible gold—which includes nanoparticles and chemically bound gold—in sulphides is discussed. Observations were also performed on about 120 synthetic crystals of NM-doped sphalerite and greenockite. In VMS ores with increasing metamorphism, CAu and CAg in the major sulphides (sphalerite, chalcopyrite, pyrite) generally decrease. A portion of invisible gold also decreases —from ~65–85% to ~35–60% of the total Au. As a result of recrystallisation of ores, the invisible gold is enlarged and passes into the visible state as native gold, Au-Ag tellurides and sulphides. In the gold deposits of the Urals, the portion of invisible gold is usually <30% of the bulk Au.

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“…(California, USA) and Berezovsk in Urals Mts. (Russia) show evidence for multiple metamorphic and magmatic mineralizing fluids, i.e., a hybrid syngeneticepigenetic "orogenic" deposit model being more appropriate (Groves et al, 2003, Vikenteva et al, 2017. However, magmatic-hydrothermal metallogenetic sequences can be distinguished here, for instance the Empire Vein System related to granodiorite porphyry at Mother Lode (Goldfarb et al, 2005) and so called " ladder veins" in granitic dykes at Berezovsk (Vikenteva et al, 2017).…”

Section: Mesothermal and Skarn Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel conceptual model of intrusion related gold bearing systems and exploration tools

Orlandea¹,

Vlad²

2020

Studia UBB Geologia

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Despite numerous debates conducted in the last two decades, the concept of intrusion related gold systems IRGS remains controversial and sometimes befuddling. The key issue drifts from case to case, i.e., initial to subsequent proposed classifications, presence of gold in reduced fluids-porphyritic environments, non-porphyry gold in orogenic terrains and participation of non-magmatic gold fluids in depositional processes. Trying to avoid atypical or particular aspects of certain deposits, a genuine metallogenetic depiction intends to enhance the intrusion related systems meaning. Gold is either a major constituent or a mere byproduct. A vertical metal zonation develops from surface to depth:

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The Berezovsk giant intrusion-related gold-quartz deposit, Urals, Russia: Evidence for multiple magmatic and metamorphic fluid reservoirs

Cited by 19 publications

References 59 publications

Contrasting Fluids in the Svetlinsk Gold-Telluride Hydrothermal System, South Urals

Contrasting Fluids in the Svetlinsk Gold-Telluride Hydrothermal System, South Urals

Noble Metal Speciations in Hydrothermal Sulphides

A novel conceptual model of intrusion related gold bearing systems and exploration tools

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