The Biogeography of Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacterial Communities in Soil

Fierer, Noah; Carney, Karen M.; Horner-Devine, M. Claire; Megonigal, J. Patrick

doi:10.1007/s00248-009-9517-9

Cited by 124 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…These results agree with previous work showing that AOB and AOA communities exhibit biogeographical patterns across terrestrial ecosystems at larger scales (Fierer et al, 2009;Bru et al, 2010). Quantification of the size of the AOA and AOB communities at the Logården farm was, for most locations, consistent with previous studies showing a dominance of the AOA over the AOB (Leininger et al, 2006;He et al, 2007;Nicol et al, 2008;Shen et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Spatial distribution of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaea across a 44-hectare farm related to ecosystem functioning

et al. 2011

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Characterization of spatial patterns of functional microbial communities could facilitate the understanding of the relationships between the ecology of microbial communities, the biogeochemical processes they perform and the corresponding ecosystem functions. Because of the important role the ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA) have in nitrogen cycling and nitrate leaching, we explored the spatial distribution of their activity, abundance and community composition across a 44-ha large farm divided into an organic and an integrated farming system. The spatial patterns were mapped by geostatistical modeling and correlations to soil properties and ecosystem functioning in terms of nitrate leaching were determined. All measured community components for both AOB and AOA exhibited spatial patterns at the hectare scale. The patchy patterns of community structures did not reflect the farming systems, but the AOB community was weakly related to differences in soil pH and moisture, whereas the AOA community to differences in soil pH and clay content. Soil properties related differently to the size of the communities, with soil organic carbon and total nitrogen correlating positively to AOB abundance, while clay content and pH showed a negative correlation to AOA abundance. Contrasting spatial patterns were observed for the abundance distributions of the two groups indicating that the AOB and AOA may occupy different niches in agro-ecosystems. In addition, the two communities correlated differently to community and ecosystem functions. Our results suggest that the AOA, not the AOB, were contributing to nitrate leaching at the site by providing substrate for the nitrite oxidizers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Spatial distribution of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaea across a 44-hectare farm related to ecosystem functioning

et al. 2011

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“…Studies from a variety of habitats document that AOB communities vary over space (Kowalchuk and Stephen, 2001) and that this variation is correlated with a variety of factors, including salinity (Stehr et al, 1995;Sahan and Muyzer, 2008), temperature (Avrahami and Conrad, 2005;Fierer et al, 2009), nutrients (Webster et al, 2002;Mosier and Francis, 2008), plant composition (Briones et al, 2002;Mintie et al, 2003;Dollhopf et al, 2005), soil moisture (Hastings et al, 2000) and pH (Kowalchuk et al, 2000;Nicol et al, 2008). Field experiments confirm that pH (Stephen et al, 1998;Backman et al, 2003) and nitrogen availability (Phillips et al, 2000;Webster et al, 2002) can directly influence AOB composition and/or abundance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…High temporal variability in AOB communities (both abundance and composition) has been observed in both soils and the water column (Gray et al, 2003;O'Mullan and Ward, 2005) and in estuarine sediments (Bernhard et al, 2007;Ando et al, 2009;Fortunato et al, 2009). Given the importance of temperature on the spatial variability of AOB in soils (Fierer et al, 2009), we speculate that temperature could be one important factor contributing to this temporal variability.…”

Section: Temporal Variability and Nutrient Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment alter the composition of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in salt marsh sediments

et al. 2010

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Ammonia oxidation is a central process in the nitrogen cycle. Particularly in marine and estuarine environments, few experiments have been conducted to tease apart the factors influencing their abundance and composition. To investigate the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus availability on ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), we conducted a nutrient enrichment experiment in a Maine salt marsh and sampled sediment communities in three seasons over 2 years. We assessed community composition using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and sequencing of cloned fragments of the ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) gene. Almost all of the amoA sequences fell within the marine and estuarine-specific Nitrosospira-like clade. Applied separately, nitrogen and phosphorus significantly altered AOB composition; however, together the nutrients had an interactive effect, and composition did not change. In contrast, nutrient enrichment did not alter AOB abundance. Furthermore, the response of AOB composition to nutrient enrichment varied over time. We conclude that closely related taxa within the marine/estuarine-specific Nitrosospira-like clade vary in their preference for nutrient concentrations, and this preference may depend on other temporally variable abiotic factors. Finally, AOB composition was highly variable within and across years even in untreated plots. Further studies are needed to test how these different aspects of compositional variability in AOB communities influence nitrogen cycling.

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“…In addition, Burck et al (2003) reported that actinomycetes population is higher in bacterial communities inagricultural land compared to forest soils when analyzing forest, pasture and sugar cane plantations in different countries. Furthermore, actinomycetes population was reported to increase after conversion of land use from forest to agriculture; a behavior common to fungi, but not to bacteria (Burck et al, 2003;Fierer et al, 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of actinomycetes in different soil ecosystems and effect of media composition on extracellular phosphatase activity

Ghorbani-Nasrabadi

Greiner

Khonakdar

et al. 2013

J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.

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Actinomycetes are widely distributed in different habitats and involved in important processes. Therefore, evaluation of their distribution is important in understanding their ecological role. Ninety seven samples were taken from different soil ecosystems (forest, pasture, rain-fed and irrigated cultivated land) located in various climatic zones in the province of Golestan, Northeast Iran. The number of actinomycetes as well as pH value, organic carbon (OC) and soil salinity expressed as electrical conductivity (EC) showed significant differences in the soil ecosystems under investigation. The number of actinomycetes decreased from 2.86 * 10 6 cfu g -1 in irrigated cultivated land to 7* 10 5 cfu g -1 in pasture (p<0.01). In pastures, the number of actinomycetes was negatively correlated with EC (r=-0.60, n=15, p<0.001) and pH (r=-0.59, n=15, p<0.001). In other soil ecosystems under investigation no significant correlations between soil pH, OC and EC and the number of actinomycetes could be found. In forest soils, the number of actinomycetes was significantly dependent (p<0.05) on climate. A significantly higher population was observed under semi-arid conditions compared to all other climatic zones (humid, sub-humid, Mediterranean). Because many soil microorganisms are able to transform different forms of insoluble organic and inorganic phosphorus into a soluble form suitable for plant uptake, the capacity of the isolated actinomycetes to secrete phosphatase activity was determined under laboratory conditions. A huge variation in the capacities to produce acid and alkaline phosphatases among the different isolates was observed. These enzyme activities and the capacities to hydrolyze phytate in the fermentation broth were significantly dependent on medium composition. In general, substitution of arginine and glycerol in the modified glycerol arginine medium (MGA) with other nitrogen and carbon sources resulted in a significant reduction of phytate dephosphorylation.

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The Biogeography of Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacterial Communities in Soil

Cited by 124 publications

References 51 publications

Spatial distribution of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaea across a 44-hectare farm related to ecosystem functioning

Spatial distribution of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaea across a 44-hectare farm related to ecosystem functioning

Nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment alter the composition of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in salt marsh sediments

Distribution of actinomycetes in different soil ecosystems and effect of media composition on extracellular phosphatase activity

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