The Biosynthesis of Isoprenoids and the Mechanisms Regulating It in Plants

Okada, Kazunori

doi:10.1271/bbb.110228

Cited by 73 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 48 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Collectively, these biochemical and genetic data indicate that CYP76M7 and/or CYP76M8 are involved in phytocassane biosynthesis (Wang et al 2012a). We also found that the accumulation of C2-oxygenated phytocassanes is specifically suppressed in CYP71Z7 knockdown lines (Okada 2011). Taken together, these reports indicate the presence of the phytocassane biosynthetic gene cluster.…”

Section: Biosynthetic Pathways and Genes For Diterpenoid Phytoalexinssupporting

confidence: 70%

Transcriptional regulation of the biosynthesis of phytoalexin: A lesson from specialized metabolites in rice

Miyamoto

Shimizu

Okada

2014

Plant Biotechnology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plants have the ability to produce vast amounts of secondary metabolites, including terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, and their derivatives. These metabolites sometimes affect the growth of other organisms, either positively or negatively. Production of defensive compounds, for example phytoalexins, is a well-known strategy used by plants to defend against and withstand invading pathogens. As phytoalexins serve an obvious function in plant defense, they are known as specialized metabolites, substances with a specific biological role that function during specific circumstances. In rice, 15 diterpenoid-type phytoalexins and one flavonoid-type phytoalexin have been identified. Extensive studies have explored the biochemistry, biosynthesis, and biological functions of phytoalexins in rice, specifically the mechanism by which they function in disease resistance. This review focuses on our current knowledge of the transcriptional and hormonal regulation of the production of phytoalexins in rice.

show abstract

Section: Biosynthetic Pathways and Genes For Diterpenoid Phytoalexinssupporting

confidence: 70%

Transcriptional regulation of the biosynthesis of phytoalexin: A lesson from specialized metabolites in rice

Miyamoto

Shimizu

Okada

2014

Plant Biotechnology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In higher plants, terpenoid biosynthesis is through either HMG-CoA reductase pathway (mevalonic acid pathway, located in cytoplasm) or 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol 4-phosphate/1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate pathway (MEP/DOXP pathway, located in plastids) [76,77]. Operon-like gene clusters control the biosynthesis pathways of certain diterpenoids such as 'momilactone' in rice [76][77][78][79][80], or certain phytoalexins such as sakuranetin [81]. If such an operon cluster for brachialactone biosynthesis is identified, metabolic engineering of brachialactone biosynthesis and introduction of BNI-capacity into root systems of major food crops using transgenic approaches may be possible.…”

Section: Chemical Identity Of Bnis and Their Mode Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression of soil nitrification by plants

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nitrification, the biological oxidation of ammonium to nitrate, weakens the soil's ability to retain N and facilitates N-losses from production agriculture through nitrate-leaching and denitrification. This process has a profound influence on what form of mineral-N is absorbed, used by plants, and retained in the soil, or lost to the environment, which in turn affects N-cycling, N-use efficiency (NUE) and ecosystem health and services. As reactive-N is often the most limiting in natural ecosystems, plants have acquired a range of mechanisms that suppress soil-nitrifier activity to limit N-losses via N-leaching and denitrification. Plants' ability to produce and release nitrification inhibitors from roots and suppress soil-nitrifier activity is termed 'biological nitrification inhibition' (BNI). With recent developments in methodology for in-situ measurement of nitrification inhibition, it is now possible to characterize BNI function in plants. This review assesses the current status of our understanding of the production and release of biological nitrification inhibitors (BNIs) and their potential in improving NUE in agriculture. A suite of genetic, soil and environmental factors regulate BNI activity in plants. BNI-function can be genetically exploited to improve the BNI-capacity of major food- and feed-crops to develop next-generation production systems with reduced nitrification and N2O emission rates to benefit both agriculture and the environment. The feasibility of such an approach is discussed based on the progresses made.

show abstract

“…37) In fact, both CYP76M7 and CYP76M8 catalyze 11-hydroxylation of ent-cassa-12,15-diene, an early step in phytocassane biosynthesis that presumably produces the keto group found in all phytocassanes, in in vitro enzymatic assays. 37,38) CYP76M8 can also catalyze the 6-hydroxylation of 9H-pimara-7,15-diene and the 7-hydroxylation of ent-sandaracopimaradiene, 37) but it remains to be investigated whether CYP76M8 is involved in the biosynthesis of momilactones or oryzalexins A to D. Okada (2011) reported unpublished results indicating that the accumulation of C-2 oxygenated phytocassanes such as phytocassanes A, B, and D was specifically suppressed in CYP71Z7-knockdown cell lines, 39) suggesting that CYP71Z7 is involved in C-2 oxygenation in phytocassane biosynthesis. Wu et al…”

Section: Identification Of Biosynthetic Gene Clusters For Major mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthesis of Phytoalexins and Regulatory Mechanisms of It in Rice

Yamane

2013

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We performed extensive functional characterization of diterpenoid phytoalexin biosynthetic genes in rice, and found that the genes for the biosynthesis of the major diterpenoid phytoalexins, phytocassanes and momilactones, are clustered on chromosomes 2 and 4, and that their expression is coordinately induced in rice cells after elicitation. Isopentenyl diphosphate, an early precursor of diterpenoid phytoalexins, was found to be synthesized through the plastidic methylerythritol phosphate pathway. We also found that chitin elicitor receptor kinase OsCERK1 and a mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade, the OsMKK4-OsMPK6 cascade, play essential roles in the elicitor-induced production of diterpenoid phytoalexins. In addition, a basic leucine zipper transcription factor, OsTGAP1, was identified as a key regulator of the coordinated expression of the clustered genes and the methylerythritol phosphate pathway genes. Naringenin 7-O-methyltransferase (OsNOMT) was also identified as a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of another major rice phytoalexin, sakuranetin.

show abstract

The Biosynthesis of Isoprenoids and the Mechanisms Regulating It in Plants

Cited by 73 publications

References 48 publications

Transcriptional regulation of the biosynthesis of phytoalexin: A lesson from specialized metabolites in rice

Transcriptional regulation of the biosynthesis of phytoalexin: A lesson from specialized metabolites in rice

Suppression of soil nitrification by plants

Biosynthesis of Phytoalexins and Regulatory Mechanisms of It in Rice

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About