The Biosynthesis of Sucrose

Cardini, Carlos E.; Leloir, Luis F.; Chiriboga, J.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)70953-8

Cited by 370 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Sucrose synthase activity has generally been found in soluble cytoplasmic fractions from plant sources (Cardini et al, 1955;Avigad, 1964;Delmer, 1972), and is not dependent on the presence of detergents. Only a small fraction of the sucrose synthase activity in the S1 supernatant was dependent on Triton X-100.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycosyltransferases in the Golgi membranes of onion stem

Powell

Brew

1974

Biochemical Journal

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Cell fractions consisting largely of Golgi membranes were prepared from the meristematic region of the onion. Several enzyme activities were found to be localized in these fractions: inosine diphosphatase, galactosyltransferases and glucosyltransferases. The fractions catalysed the transfer of [(14)C]galactose from UDP-galactose to endogenous and cell-sap acceptors, to N-acetylglucosamine and to ovalbumin. In the presence of bovine alpha-lactalbumin, transfer to glucose (lactose synthesis) was catalysed. [(14)C]Glucose was transferred from UDP-glucose to endogenous and cell-sap acceptors, to cellobiose and to fructose (sucrose synthesis). All these activities were latent, being potentiated by detergents (Triton X-100 or sodium deoxycholate). The characteristics of some of these enzyme activities are described and their biological significance is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycosyltransferases in the Golgi membranes of onion stem

Powell

Brew

1974

Biochemical Journal

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“…The supernatant was used to determine sucrose and fructose content ( Rosa et al, 2009 ). Sucrose was determined according to the method of Cardini et al (1955) ; Fructose was determined by the method of Roe and Papadopoulos (1954) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous Melatonin Alleviates Alkaline Stress by Removing Reactive Oxygen Species and Promoting Antioxidant Defence in Rice Seedlings

Min

Shi

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Saline-alkali stress seriously restricts rice growth, development, and production in northern China. The damage of alkaline stress on rice is much greater than that of salt due to ion toxicity, osmotic stress, and especially high pH. As a signal molecule, melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine, MT) mediates many physiological processes in rice and participates in protecting rice from abiotic stress. The potential mechanism of exogenous melatonin-mediated alkaline stress tolerance is still largely unknown. In this study, the effects of melatonin on the morphological change, physiological property, and corresponding genes expression in rice seedlings were analyzed under alkaline stress (20 mmol L−1, pH 9.55). The results showed that the expression levels of MT synthesis genes (TDC2, T5H, SNAT, ASMT1, and ASMT2) were induced by both exogenous MT and alkaline stress treatment. The cell membrane was protected by MT, and the MT furtherly play role in scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), reducing lipoxygenase (LOX) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The scavenging of ROS by melatonin is attributed to the coupling of the improvement of redox homeostasis and the enhancement of antioxidant enzyme activity and antioxidant content by upregulating the transcriptional levels of antioxidase genes. In the meantime, MT pretreatment promoted the accumulation of free proline, sucrose, and fructose by regulating the OsP5CS, OsSUS7, and OsSPS1 gene expression level and increased chlorophyll content upregulating the expression of chlorophyll synthesis-related genes. Ultimately, the alleviating effect of exogenous melatonin on alkaline stress was reflected in increasing the leaf relative water content (RWC) and root-shoot ratio and reducing the leaf tip wilt index (TWI) through a series of physiological and biochemical changes. Melatonin pretreatment changed the expression level of MT synthesis genes which might contribute to MT synthesis in rice, consequently, activated the ROS scavenging system and alleviating the damage of alkaline stress on rice seedlings. Our study comprehensively understands the alleviating effect of exogenous melatonin on rice under alkaline stress.

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“…Sucrose content was determined in flavedo samples (as total and symplastic contents) by the method of Roe and Papadopoulos (1954) after eliminating free fructose from the extracts (Cardini et al 1955).…”

Section: In Situ Sucrose Localization and Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lemon maturation causes anatomical and biochemical changes at the flavedo tissue level

Albornoz

Interdonato

Hammann

et al. 2022

Botany

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Plants mobilize the photosynthates by three transport pathways: apoplastic, symplastic through plasmodesmata (PD), and transcellular. In flavedo of postharvest mature lemons, a high activity of cell wall-bound invertase (WI), an enzyme associated with transcellular transport of monosaccharides, has been detected. In order to elucidate whether this high enzymatic activity is related to restricted transport in the symplastic pathway with fruit maturation, the aim of the present work was to compare anatomical and biochemical parameters in peel tissues of immature and mature lemons. Anatomical structure focusing on cell walls, callose deposition, WI activity, and sucrose content were analyzed in peel tissues of immature and mature lemons. The parenchyma of flavedo tissue of immature lemons presented an elevated number of primary pit fields (PPF). These PPF, associated to PD or cell wall interruptions, had the appearance of a string of beads. However, in mature lemons, the number of PPF was scarce due to callose deposition. WI activity and apoplastic sucrose content increased significantly in flavedo of mature lemons in comparison to immature lemons. Present findings lay structural and functional bases relevant to understand differences between immature and mature lemons, which would help to design agricultural practices in pre- and post-harvest management.

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The Biosynthesis of Sucrose

Cited by 370 publications

References 18 publications

Glycosyltransferases in the Golgi membranes of onion stem

Glycosyltransferases in the Golgi membranes of onion stem

Exogenous Melatonin Alleviates Alkaline Stress by Removing Reactive Oxygen Species and Promoting Antioxidant Defence in Rice Seedlings

Lemon maturation causes anatomical and biochemical changes at the flavedo tissue level

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