The blockage of ventromedial hypothalamus CRF type 2 receptors impairs escape responses in the elevated T-maze

Silva, Mariana S.; Souza, Thaissa M.O.; Pereira, Bruno A.; Ribeiro, Daniel Araki; Céspedes, Isabel Cristina; Bittencourt, Jackson Cioni; Viana, Milena de Barros

doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2017.04.030

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In contrast, CRFR2 deficient mice show an elevation in anxiety-like behavior and an increase in stress sensitivity (Bale et al 2000, Chotiwat et al 2010. However, the nature of CRFR2's effects on anxiety is region-dependent, as this receptor serves an anxiogenic-like role in the medial amygdala (Alves et al 2016) and lateral septum (Anthony et al 2014), but appears to have an anxiolytic-like function in the ventromedial hypothalamus (Silva et al 2017) .…”

Section: Neuropeptides In the Pathogenesis Of Anxietymentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential role of the novel hypothalamic neuropeptides nesfatin-1, phoenixin, spexin and kisspeptin in the pathogenesis of anxiety and anorexia nervosa

Pałasz

Janas–Kozik

Borrow

et al. 2018

Neurochemistry International

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Due to the dynamic development of molecular neurobiology and bioinformatic methods several novel brain neuropeptides have been identified and characterized in recent years. Contemporary techniques of selective molecular detection e.g. in situ Real-Time PCR, microdiffusion and some bioinformatics strategies that base on searching for single structural features common to diverse neuropeptides such as hidden Markov model (HMM) have been successfully introduced. A convincing majority of neuropeptides have unique properties as well as a broad spectrum of physiological activity in numerous neuronal pathways including the hypothalamus and limbic system. The newly discovered but uncharacterized regulatory factors nesfatin-1, phoenixin, spexin and kisspeptin have the potential to be unique modulators of stress responses and eating behaviour. Accumulating basic studies revelaed an intriguing role of these neuropeptides in the brain pathways involved in the pathogenesis of anxiety behaviour. Nesfatin-1, phoenixin, spexin and kisspeptin may also distinctly affect the energy homeostasis and modulate food intake not only at the level of hypothalamic centres. Moreover, in patients suffered from anxiety and anorexia nervosa a significant, sex-related changes in the plasma neuropeptide levels occurred. It should be therefore taken into account that the targeted pharmacomodulation of central peptidergic signaling may be potentially helpful in the future treatment of certain neuropsychiatric and metabolic disorders. This article reviews recent evidence dealing with the hypothetical role of these new factors in the anxiety-related circuits and pathophysiology of anorexia nervosa.

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Section: Neuropeptides In the Pathogenesis Of Anxietymentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential role of the novel hypothalamic neuropeptides nesfatin-1, phoenixin, spexin and kisspeptin in the pathogenesis of anxiety and anorexia nervosa

Pałasz

Janas–Kozik

Borrow

et al. 2018

Neurochemistry International

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“…The infralimbic cortex and its projection to the nucleus accumbens shell have been reported to play a role in affective processing and the suppressing learned negative emotional states [ 122 , 123 ]. The ventromedial hypothalamus and the septo-hippocampal circuit are involved in escape and defensive responses, mood, and motivation [ 124 – 129 ]. The PVT participates in the control of emotional behavior, with its projections to the PFC and amygdala promoting anxiety-like and depression-related behaviors and fear memory [ 130 – 134 ], and to the accumbens inhibiting anxiety-like behavior ([ 135 , 136 ]; for reviews, see ref.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral phenotype, intestinal microbiome, and brain neuronal activity of male serotonin transporter knockout mice

2023

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The serotonin transporter (5-HTT) plays a critical role in the regulation of serotonin neurotransmission. Mice genetically deficient in 5-HTT expression have been used to study the physiological functions of 5-HTT in the brain and have been proposed as a potential animal model for neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. Recent studies have provided evidence for a link between the gut-brain axis and mood disorders. However, the effects of 5-HTT deficiency on gut microbiota, brain function, and behavior remain to be fully characterized. Here we investigated the effects of 5-HTT deficiency on different types of behavior, the gut microbiome, and brain c-Fos expression as a marker of neuronal activation in response to the forced swim test for assessing depression-related behavior in male 5-HTT knockout mice. Behavioral analysis using a battery of 16 different tests showed that 5-HTT−/− mice exhibited markedly reduced locomotor activity, decreased pain sensitivity, reduced motor function, increased anxiety-like and depression-related behavior, altered social behavior in novel and familiar environments, normal working memory, enhanced spatial reference memory, and impaired fear memory compared to 5-HTT+/+ mice. 5-HTT+/− mice showed slightly reduced locomotor activity and impaired social behavior compared to 5-HTT+/+ mice. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene amplicons showed that 5-HTT−/− mice had altered gut microbiota abundances, such as a decrease in Allobaculum, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium sensu stricto, and Turicibacter, compared to 5-HTT+/+ mice. This study also showed that after exposure to the forced swim test, the number of c-Fos-positive cells was higher in the paraventricular thalamus and lateral hypothalamus and was lower in the prefrontal cortical regions, nucleus accumbens shell, dorsolateral septal nucleus, hippocampal regions, and ventromedial hypothalamus in 5-HTT−/− mice than in 5-HTT+/+ mice. These phenotypes of 5-HTT−/− mice partially recapitulate clinical observations in humans with major depressive disorder. The present findings indicate that 5-HTT-deficient mice serve as a good and valid animal model to study anxiety and depression with altered gut microbial composition and abnormal neuronal activity in the brain, highlighting the importance of 5-HTT in brain function and the mechanisms underlying the regulation of anxiety and depression.

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“…Several key nodes within stress-related neural circuits have been identified, including the amygdala, BNST, and lateral hypothalamus (Choi et al, 2007;Anthony et al, 2014). Recent research has highlighted the essential role of the VMH in mediating chronic stress-induced anxiety-like behaviors and encoding stressrelated emotional states (Silva et al, 2017;Shao et al, 2022). In addition to its involvement in anxiety regulation, the VMH is also considered a critical modulator of energy homeostasis in the peripheral system (Dhillon et al, 2006;Sohn et al, 2016).…”

Section: Vmh Is Critical In Both Chronic Stress-induced Anxiety and P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ventromedial hypothalamus relays chronic stress inputs and exerts bidirectional regulation on anxiety state and related sympathetic activity

Shao,

Chen,

Gao

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

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Chronic stress can induce negative emotion states, including anxiety and depression, leading to sympathetic overactivation and disturbed physiological homeostasis in peripheral tissues. While anxiety-related neural circuitry integrates chronic stress information and modulates sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity, the critical nodes linking anxiety and sympathetic activity still need to be clarified. In our previous study, we demonstrated that the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) is involved in integrating chronic stress inputs and exerting influence on sympathetic activity. However, the underlying synaptic and electrophysiological mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we combined in vitro electrophysiological recordings, behavioral tests, optogenetic manipulations, and SNS activity analyses to explore the role of VMH in linking anxiety emotion and peripheral SNS activity. Results showed that the VMH played an important role in bidirectionally regulating anxiety-like behavior and peripheral sympathetic excitation. Chronic stress enhanced excitatory inputs into VMH neurons by strengthening the connection with the paraventricular hypothalamus (PVN), hence promoting anxiety and sympathetic tone outflow, an important factor contributing to the development of metabolic imbalance in peripheral tissues and cardiovascular diseases.

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The blockage of ventromedial hypothalamus CRF type 2 receptors impairs escape responses in the elevated T-maze

Cited by 7 publications

References 48 publications

The potential role of the novel hypothalamic neuropeptides nesfatin-1, phoenixin, spexin and kisspeptin in the pathogenesis of anxiety and anorexia nervosa

The potential role of the novel hypothalamic neuropeptides nesfatin-1, phoenixin, spexin and kisspeptin in the pathogenesis of anxiety and anorexia nervosa

Behavioral phenotype, intestinal microbiome, and brain neuronal activity of male serotonin transporter knockout mice

Ventromedial hypothalamus relays chronic stress inputs and exerts bidirectional regulation on anxiety state and related sympathetic activity

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