The Brain-Gut Axis: From Pathophysiology to Possible Future Strategies of Treatment

Vigneri, Simone

doi:10.4172/2168-975x.1000137

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Recent studies suggest that the gut microbiota is involved in energy homeostasis by regulating feeding, digestive and metabolic processes, as well as the immune response (1, 6–8). In particular, the gut microbiota influences the brain-gut axis, the bidirectional communication between the GIT and the brain (9–11), by affecting both gut and brain (12) and thus helps to maintain host homeostasis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The function of the gut microbiota and the subsequent physiological responses of the host depend on the composition of the microbes that are present in the intestinal track (11). There is a wide variation in the composition of fish gut microbiota between species and individuals, but several phyla have been shown to be dominant, including Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria , and Fusobacteria (13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gut Microbiota and Energy Homeostasis in Fish

2019

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The microorganisms within the intestinal tract (termed gut microbiota) have been shown to interact with the gut-brain axis, a bidirectional communication system between the gut and the brain mediated by hormonal, immune, and neural signals. Through these interactions, the microbiota might affect behaviors, including feeding behavior, digestive/absorptive processes (e.g., by modulating intestinal motility and the intestinal barrier), metabolism, as well as the immune response, with repercussions on the energy homeostasis and health of the host. To date, research in this field has mostly focused on mammals. Studies on non-mammalian models such as fish may provide novel insights into the specific mechanisms involved in the microbiota-brain-gut axis. This review describes our current knowledge on the possible effects of microbiota on feeding, digestive processes, growth, and energy homeostasis in fish, with emphasis on the influence of brain and gut hormones, environmental factors, and inter-specific differences.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota and Energy Homeostasis in Fish

2019

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“…Imbalanced fish gut microbiota leads to poor metabolism, reduced growth, stress, and disease onset. The overall impact of gut microbiota on the physiology of fishes is dependent on the composition of gut microbial communities (Vigneri, 2014). Gut microbiota is primarily established by diet (Miyake et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiome modulation mediated by probiotics: Positive impact on growth and health status of Labeo rohita

et al. 2022

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The current study was targeted to determine the effect of probiotics on the growth, physiology, and gut microbiology of Labeo rohita fingerlings. One hundred and twenty fishes were divided into four dietary groups, each in triplicate for a feeding trial of 90 days. These treatments included T0 (control, basal diet) used as the reference, and three probiotic-supplemented diets represented as Tbc (Bacillus cereus), Tgc (Geotrichum candidum), and Tmc (B. cereus and G. candidum). The probiotics were supplemented at a level of 1 × 109 CFU/g feed. Fishes nurtured on probiotic-added diet showed significantly high physiological improvement (p < 0.05) in terms of growth, feed utilization capacity, hematological profile, and digestive enzymes as compared to control. The fish were subjected to a challenge test after a 90-day feeding trial. The Tmc exhibited maximum fish growth when challenged by Staphylococcus aureus and showed fish survival when compared to control, in which fish mortality was examined. Fish gut microbial composition was modulated by probiotic treatments, especially in Tgc and Tmc as compared to control. The absence of opportunistic pathogens such as Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Sporobolomyces lactosus and detection of lower levels of Trichosporon and Cryptococcus in treated groups indicate the gut modulation driven by applied probiotics. The G. candidum QAUGC01 was retrieved in yeast metagenomics data, which might be due to the production of polyamines by them that facilitated adherence and consequent persistence. In conclusion, it can be suggested that the probiotic-supplemented diet could enhance fish growth and feed efficiency through community modulation and digestive enzymes, which could be a milestone in local aquaculture.

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“…These factors generate acute and chronic stress which can cause lasting changes in metabolism, altering the gut microbiota profile which results in postweaning diarrhea (PWD) and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines which damage the epithelial lining of the digestive tract (HEO et al, 2013;VIGNERI, 2014) . These events can lead to temporary or permanent modulation of metabolism, the nervous system, and immunity in young individuals (YU; CHEN; CHANG, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

>b<Asinine milk>/b<: animal health and welfare

Farias

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Inicialmente agradeço imensamente a Deus, a Jesus e ao Espírito Santo, por todo amor e bondade, força, sustento e proteção. Que enche-me de luz, paz, fraternidade e sabedoria. E, que, com sua infinita bondade, permite-me errar, aprender e consertar os erros até o fim da minha existência.Aos animais e à natureza, por permitir-me sempre aprender, crescer e evoluir como pesquisadora e como ser.Aos meus pais, Antônio e Rosilda, por terem-me dado a vida e por todo o amor, carinho, exemplo, privações, educação e ensinamentos. Por serem meu porto seguro, minhas melhores lembranças e exemplos, meus maiores amores... meus lindos velhinhos, sem vocês não seria nada. Muito obrigada por me nortearem no início dessa caminhada e por apenas me pedirem para ser descente como mulher e humano... e para fazer o bem. Amo-os imensamente.Aos meus irmãos, Tedo, Ea e Guda e aos meus sobrinhos e cunhados, pela fraternidade, amor e compreensão. Agradeço em especial a Tedo, por todos ensinamentos e amor, foi querendo seguir seus passos que comecei a fazer pesquisa.A todos da minha família, peço desculpas... sei que, devido a minha dedicação à pesquisa, por muitas vezes, estive ausente, mas amo-os e levo-os no meu coração por qualquer lugar onde vou. A todos outros familiares, que sempre tiverem uma palavra de amor, consolo e carinho.À meu orientador e quase pai, Professor Dr. Adroaldo José Zanella, pela orientação, apoio, paciência e confiança depositada em mim durante todos estes anos. Nunca esquecerei do dia que em vez do senhor me dar bronca por ter que repetir uma placa, o senhor foi consolo e me ensinou que errar é humano e não existe nada errado nisso. Muitos conhecem o Dr. Zanella, poucos conhecem o pai bondoso e humilde, que pega na mão e protege. Professor, sou e serei eternamente grata ao senhor por tudo que aprendi e cresci sendo sou orientada. Estendo meu agradecimento e carinho a toda família Zanella, em especial a Márcia, que é um ser humana especial e maravilhoso, que me trata como filha. Vocês são uns presentes de Deus.A minha querida coorientadora que tanto me ensina e me inspira, mesmo que estejamos distante. Professora Chiara, a senhora foi um achado e sou muito grata a Deus por tê-la encontrado e pôr a senhora ter aceitado ser minha coorientadora. Aos pós-graduandos do Cecsbe, em especial aos grandes amigos e seres humanos Arthurzinho, Lê, Mari, Lau, Gu e Mariana, pela ajuda mental e psicológica, comprometimento, profissionalismo, suporte e ajuda que me ofereceram desde o começo. Vocês mais que meros amigos de laboratório, são minha família. Amo muito todos vocês. A todos os membros da FORÇA TAREFA NACIONAL PELOS ASININIS, em especial a Mariana e ao Steffan, por todo o auxílio dado no início do doutorado. A equipe leite de asinino, Ana, Lucas e Vini, por todo ajuda com a parte experimental e dedicação antes, durante e depois do experimento. Vocês são os melhores ICs que alguém pode ter. Foi maravilhoso trabalhar com vocês e sou muito grata por todo o apoio. Agradeço também a todos os outros estagiários do laboratório, p...

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The Brain-Gut Axis: From Pathophysiology to Possible Future Strategies of Treatment

Cited by 9 publications

References 51 publications

Gut Microbiota and Energy Homeostasis in Fish

Gut Microbiota and Energy Homeostasis in Fish

Gut microbiome modulation mediated by probiotics: Positive impact on growth and health status of Labeo rohita

>b<Asinine milk>/b<: animal health and welfare

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