The Bronchodilator Action of Khellin

Kennedy, Mark; Stock, J. P. P.

doi:10.1136/thx.7.1.43

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…They are avid scavengers of nitric oxide (45), can inhibit histamine release, arachidonic acid metabolism, and cytokine production (46), and trans -resveratrol, a flavonoid found in red wine, can down-regulate the transcription factor NF-B (47). Furthermore, one particular flavonoid, khellin, known for its bronchodilator properties, was used historically to treat asthma (48).…”

Section: Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Antioxidants and Asthma in Adults

Shaheen

Sterne

Thompson

et al. 2001

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

260

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A protective role for dietary antioxidants in asthma has been proposed. However, epidemiological evidence to implicate antioxidant vitamins is weak, and data on the role of flavonoid-rich foods and antioxidant trace elements are lacking. We carried out a population-based case-control study in South London, UK, to investigate whether asthma is less common and less severe in adults who consume more dietary antioxidants. Participants were aged 16-50 yr and registered with 40 general practices. Asthma was defined by positive responses to a standard screening questionnaire in 1996, and complete information about usual diet was obtained by food frequency questionnaire from 607 cases and 864 controls in 1997. After controlling for potential confounding factors and total energy intake, apple consumption was negatively associated with asthma (odds ratio [OR] per increase in frequency group 0.89 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.82 to 0.97]; p = 0.006). Intake of selenium was also negatively associated with asthma (OR per quintile increase 0.84 [0.75 to 0.94]; p = 0.002). Red wine intake was negatively associated with asthma severity. The associations between apple and red wine consumption and asthma may indicate a protective effect of flavonoids. The findings for dietary selenium could have implications for health policy in Britain where intake has been declining.

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Section: Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Antioxidants and Asthma in Adults

Shaheen

Sterne

Thompson

et al. 2001

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

260

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“…In addition to their well-known antioxidant properties, they also have anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory effects [6][7][8][9], which might explain reports suggesting that certain flavonoids have beneficial effects in asthma [9,10].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary intake of flavonoids and asthma in adults

Garcia¹,

Arts²,

Sterne³

et al. 2005

Eur Respir J

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Epidemiological studies have suggested that a high consumption of apples may protect against asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This effect has been attributed to their high flavonoid content, but few studies have investigated the relationship between flavonoid intake and obstructive lung disease directly.In a population-based, case-control study of 1,471 adults aged 16-50 yrs in London (UK), the present study examined whether dietary intake of catechins, flavonols and flavones was negatively associated with asthma, asthma severity and chronic sputum production. Asthma was defined by positive responses to a standard screening questionnaire in 1996 and information about usual diet was obtained by a food frequency questionnaire in 1997.After controlling for potential confounders, dietary intake of these three flavonoid subclasses was not significantly associated with asthma, (odds ratio per quintile (95% confidence interval)50.94 (0.86-1.02); 1.00 (0.92-1.09); 0.98 (0.88 -1.08) for flavones, flavonols and total catechins, respectively) nor was it associated with asthma severity, or chronic sputum production.In conclusion, no evidence was found for a protective effect of three major subclasses of dietary flavonoids on asthma. It is possible that other flavonoids or polyphenols present in apples may explain the protective effect of apples on obstructive lung disease.

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“…It has been suggested (Kennedy, 1950) that a man's maximum voluntary ventilation or his maximum breathing capacity might be predictable from the analysis of his vital capacity tracings recorded on a fast-revolving kymograph. The remainder of this paper summarizes the development of this earlier work.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Practical Measure of the Maximum Ventilatory Capacity in Health and Disease

Kennedy¹

1953

Thorax

Self Cite

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The assessment of disability in dust diseases of the lung presents a problem of great practical importance.Available evidence indicates that disturbance of the alveolar respiratory component of pulmonary function is of importance in producing disability only in such diseases as pulmonary sarcoidosis and berylliosis (Ferris, Affeldt, Kriete, and Whitten berger, 1951) where there is a lesion of the alveolar epithelium. Much further work remains to be done before the importance of disturbance of the mixing component of pulmonary function in producing disability can be evaluated. Evidence is now available, however, that the principal cause of disability in dust diseases of the lung is disturbance of the ventilatory function (Baldwin, Cournand, and Richards, 1949; Gilson and HughJones, 1953). This is also true of asthma and to a large extent of emphysema.This paper is concerned with the assessment of the maximum ventilatory capacity, and presents a method of measuring this aspect of pulmonary function which has been used during the past three years in an out-patient clinic, and which has been found simple and practical.The oldest objective method for assessing the ventilatory capacity of a subject is the simple vital capacity measurement. This, however, is a static measure of volume and is an imperfect and often misleading index of the ventilatory function (Gilson and Hugh-Jones, 1949). To detect changes in the ventilatory capacity of individual subjects from day to day, and to detect differences between individuals, it is essential to measure the maximum ventilatory capacity. Since the work of f-Hermannsen (1933) It has been suggested (Kennedy, 1950) that a man's maximum voluntary ventilation or his maximum breathing capacity might be predictable from the analysis of his vital capacity tracings recorded on a fast-revolving kymograph. The remainder of this paper summarizes the development of this earlier work. APPARATUSA simple vital-capacity spirometer almost identical with that described by Gilson and Hugh-Jones (1949) has been used for recording the various respiratory tracings. The volume of the spirometer bell is roughly 6.5 litres. In order to minimize resistance to air-flow, a 2-in. diameter tube was used inside the spirometer and for the rubber connexion to the metal mouthpiece. The same electrical integrating device as described by Gilson and Hugh-Jones was used for measuring the volume of air breathed during voluntary hyperventilation. The spirometer bell was counterbalanced by means of a long, thin cylindrical weight which moved up and down within a hollow metal circular container. A small ink recording pen was fixed to this counter-weight so that movements of the spirometer bell could be recorded on a fastrevolving kymograph. Various speeds were tried, and it was found that a kymograph driven by an electric synchronous motor so that its drum periphery revolved at 1.24 cm. per second gave the most satisfactory result. The drum speed was checked by an electric time-marker, and was found to be uniform

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The Bronchodilator Action of Khellin

Cited by 25 publications

References 6 publications

Dietary Antioxidants and Asthma in Adults

Dietary Antioxidants and Asthma in Adults

Dietary intake of flavonoids and asthma in adults

A Practical Measure of the Maximum Ventilatory Capacity in Health and Disease

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