The bulb retouchers in the Levant: New insights into Middle Palaeolithic retouching techniques and mobile tool-kit composition

Centi, Laura; Groman-Yaroslavski, Iris; Friedman, N.; Oron, Maya; Prévost, Marión; Zaidner, Yossi

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0218859

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Versatile artifacts that can be used for different purposes (Nelson 1991) are encountered in many different archaeological contexts (e.g. ; Centi et al 2019;Claud et al 2010;Cuartero et al 2015;Hiscock 2009Hiscock , 2015Jacquier & Naudinot 2015;Rios-Garaizar, Eixea & Villaverde 2015;Shimelmitz 2015;Vaquero et al 2012Vaquero et al , 2015Wojtczak 2015), together with other forms of recycling and opportunistic behavior (e.g. ; Agam, Marder & Barkai 2015;Assaf et al 2015;Barsky et al 2015;Lemorini et al 2015;Parush et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Local Learning Communities During the Terminal Palaeolithic in the Southern Levant: Multi-scale 3-D Analysis of Flint Cores

Valletta

Dag

Grosman

2021

Journal of Computer Applications in Archaeology

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A methodology for identifying prehistoric local learning communities is proposed. We wish to test possible relationships among communities based on continuity and variability in lithic reduction sequence technological traits with different visibility and malleability. Quantitative features reflecting different technological traits are measured on 3-D models of flint cores in different scales: the ratio between core thickness and reduction surface width, the angle between subsequent bands of production blank scars to the relative striking platform, and the average curvature of the ridge between each blank scar striking platform pair. Continuity and variability in these features are used to establish the relations among lithic assemblages on different hierarchical levels: local learning communities and geographically widespread cultural lineages.The Late Upper Palaeolithic and the Epipalaeolithic of the Southern Levant (ca. 27,000-15,000 cal BP) provide an opportunity to test our method. A progressive increase in territoriality is hypothesized throughout this timespan, yet the precise timing and modes of this phenomenon need to be defined. The present study analyzes six core assemblages attributed to different cultural entities, representing chronologically separated occupations of the Ein Gev area and the coastal Sharon Plain. Continuity in technological traits between the Atlitian (ca. 27,000-26,000 cal BP) and Nizzanan (ca. 20,000-18,500 cal BP) occupations of the Ein Gev area suggests that the same learning community repeatedly settled there during a long time span. Two geographically separate learning communities were defined in the study areas within the Kebaran cultural entity (ca. 24,000-18,000 cal BP); the group occupying the Ein Gev area possibly continued to settle there during the Geometric Kebaran (ca. 18,000-15,000 cal BP). Continuity in more conservative traits of the reduction sequence allows to tie these two communities to the same cultural lineage. The ability to track prehistoric learning communities based on quantitative features helps increase the objectivity and the resolution in the reconstruction of past cultural dynamics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Local Learning Communities During the Terminal Palaeolithic in the Southern Levant: Multi-scale 3-D Analysis of Flint Cores

Valletta

Dag

Grosman

2021

Journal of Computer Applications in Archaeology

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“…Toolkit composition helps us answer the question of how site occupation patterns changed before and after the appearance of new technology. The type and proportion of retouched tools and knapping products, including debris and hammerstones, provide information about settlement patterns based on a premise that more activities are conducted with a wider range of tool types for longer occupation (Buvit et al, 2014;Centi et al, 2019;Garcı á-Medrano et al, 2017). For example, we interpret small sized assemblages with a low diversity of tools as representing a short duration of site occupation (Buvit et al, 2014;Shott, 2010).…”

Section: Methods For Analyzing Stone Artifact Assemblagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying cultural evolutionary theory to the technological transition during the Late Pleistocene in Korea

Park¹

2023

Preprint

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This is my PhD dissertation. In this research, I explore the technological transition from the Early to Late Paleolithic in Korea represented by the appearance of stemmed points through evolutionary concepts including human behavioral ecology (HBE) and cultural transmission (CT). I also examined differentlikely uses of stemmed points by measuring tip cross-sectional area (TCSA). The previous studies have primarily discussed the origin and route of stemmed points and blades while my research focuses more on related human behaviors and decision-making processes. I raised three questions to address cultural and environmental roles in the technological transition: what changes in foragers’ landscape use and mobility were associated with the introduction of new tools? What were stemmed points used for? And what was the dominant mode of cultural transmission during the time of technological innovation in the Korean Late Paleolithic? My approach to answer these questions is combined with traditional theoretical frameworks and novel methods for testing hypotheses.

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“…Кроме костяных ретушеров, известны каменные на гальках, желваках или ударных бугорках сколов (Centi et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Principal Approaches to the Study of Middle Palaeolithic Bone Retouchers

Koliasnikova¹,

Chistyakov²,

Колобова³

2022

stratum plus

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Research in recent years has demonstrated complex Neanderthal activity, comparable to that of anatomically modern humans, in the context of bone tool production, pigments, adhesive compositions and non-utilitarian activities. The most numerous and widespread bone tools in Eurasian and African Middle Paleolithic are retouchers, which have been investigated for more than a century. The paper discusses various research approaches to the study of bone retouchers and the scientific results obtained throughout the history of the study of these tools. Traditionally, retouchers have been perceived by researchers as informal, situationally applied tools for retouching, or shaping various stone tools. Nevertheless, the scientific results obtained in the study of retouchers demonstrate the possibilities of their interpretation as formal tools and often link them to possible ritual activities, including the practice of cannibalism.

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The bulb retouchers in the Levant: New insights into Middle Palaeolithic retouching techniques and mobile tool-kit composition

Cited by 13 publications

References 42 publications

Identifying Local Learning Communities During the Terminal Palaeolithic in the Southern Levant: Multi-scale 3-D Analysis of Flint Cores

Identifying Local Learning Communities During the Terminal Palaeolithic in the Southern Levant: Multi-scale 3-D Analysis of Flint Cores

Applying cultural evolutionary theory to the technological transition during the Late Pleistocene in Korea

Principal Approaches to the Study of Middle Palaeolithic Bone Retouchers

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