The Burden of Livestock Parasites on the Poor

Rist, Cassidy; Garchitorena, Andrés; Ngonghala, Calistus N.; Gillespie, Thomas R.; Bonds, Matthew H.

doi:10.1016/j.pt.2015.09.005

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Developing methods to measure the burden of livestock disease on the rural poor is important for governments, policy makers, and others in the global health and development communities who seek to include livestock disease prevention strategies as components of broader human health and development strategies. Future iterations of this model could be altered to address specific diseases in other important livestock species, and could include additional impacts on human health (beyond nutrition) through zoonotic transmission pathways [49].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the burden of poultry disease on the rural poor in Madagascar

et al. 2015

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Livestock represent a fundamental economic and nutritional resource for many households in the developing world; however, a high burden of infectious disease limits their production potential. Here we present an ecological framework for estimating the burden of poultry disease based on coupled models of infectious disease and economics. The framework is novel, as it values humans and livestock as co-contributors to household wellbeing, incorporating feedbacks between poultry production and human capital in disease burden estimates. We parameterize this coupled ecological–economic model with household-level data to provide an estimate of the overall burden of poultry disease for the Ifanadiana District in Madagascar, where over 72% of households rely on poultry for economic and food security. Our models indicate that households may lose 10–25% of their monthly income under current disease conditions. Results suggest that advancements in poultry health may serve to support income generation through improvements in both human and animal health.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the burden of poultry disease on the rural poor in Madagascar

et al. 2015

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In developing countries, infectious diseases of livestock can have a broad and profound negative effect on public health, including malnutrition, increased susceptibility to disease, female illiteracy and loss of productivity (Rist et al 2015;Thumbi et al 2015;Marsh et al 2016), and curb the potential for economic improvement (Black et al 2013). Theileria parva is a tick-transmitted, obligate intracellular apicomplexan parasite that causes East Coast fever (ECF), an acute fatal disease of cattle in eastern, central and southern Africa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capture-based enrichment ofTheileria parvaDNA enables full genome assembly of first buffalo-derived strain and reveals exceptional intra-specific genetic diversity

Palmateer

Tretina

Orvis

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Theileria parva is an economically important, intracellular, tick-transmitted parasite of cattle. A live vaccine against the parasite is effective against challenge from cattle-transmissible T. parva but not against genotypes originating from the African Cape buffalo, a major wildlife reservoir, prompting the need to characterize genome-wide variation within and between cattle-and buffalo-associated T. parva populations. Here, we describe a capture-based target enrichment approach that enables, for the first time, de novo assembly of nearly complete T. parva genomes derived from infected host cell lines. This approach has exceptionally high specificity and sensitivity and is successful for both cattle-and buffaloderived T. parva parasites. De novo genome assemblies generated for cattle genotypes differ from the reference by ~54K single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) throughout the 8.31 Mb genome, an average of 6.5 SNPs/kb. We report the first buffalo-derived T. parva genome, which is larger than the genome from the reference, cattle-derived, Muguga strain. The average non-synonymous nucleotide diversity (pN) per gene, between buffalo-derived T. parva and the Muguga strain, was 1.3%. This remarkably high level of genetic divergence is supported by an average FST, genome-wide, of 0.44, reflecting a degree of genetic differentiation between cattle-and buffalo-derived T. parva parasites more commonly seen between, rather than within, species, with clear implications for vaccine development. The DNA capture approach used provides clear advantages over alternative T. parva DNA enrichment methods used previously and enables in-depth comparative genomics in this apicomplexan parasite.

show abstract

“…MHC influence on the response to GIN vaccination has not been examined. GIN infection is a major clinical and economic problem in humans and livestock and a key constraint to small ruminant productivity globally [13]. Current control relies on administration of anthelmintic drugs, however parasite resistance to the commonly used anthelmintics (benzimidazole, levamisole and avermectin classes) is widespread, with multidrug resistance having considerable impact in some areas [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel technique for retrospective genetic analysis of the response to vaccination or infection using cell-free DNA from archived sheep serum and plasma

Todd¹,

Palarea‐Albaladejo²,

McNeilly³

et al. 2020

Vet Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Genetic variation is associated with differences in disease resistance and susceptibility among individuals within a population. To date, molecular genetic analyses of host responses have relied on extraction of genomic DNA from whole blood or tissue samples. However, such samples are not routinely collected during large-scale field studies. We demonstrate that cell-free genomic DNA (cfDNA) may be extracted and amplified from archived plasma samples, allowing retrospective analysis of host genetic diversity. This technique was also applicable to archived serum samples up to 35 years old and to different ruminant species. As proof of concept, we used this cfDNA approach to genotype the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II DRB1 locus of 224 Merino sheep which had participated in field trials of a commercial Haemonchus contortus vaccine, Barbervax ® , in Australia. This identified a total of 51 different DRB1 alleles and their relative frequencies. This is the first study to examine host MHC diversity using DNA extracted from archived plasma samples, an approach that may be applied to retrospective analyses of genetic diversity and responses to vaccination or infection across different species and populations.

show abstract

The Burden of Livestock Parasites on the Poor

Cited by 24 publications

References 13 publications

Modeling the burden of poultry disease on the rural poor in Madagascar

Modeling the burden of poultry disease on the rural poor in Madagascar

Capture-based enrichment ofTheileria parvaDNA enables full genome assembly of first buffalo-derived strain and reveals exceptional intra-specific genetic diversity

A novel technique for retrospective genetic analysis of the response to vaccination or infection using cell-free DNA from archived sheep serum and plasma

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About