The burden of non communicable diseases in developing countries

Boutayeb, Abdesslam; Boutayeb, Saber

doi:10.1186/1475-9276-4-2

Cited by 602 publications

(440 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In developing countries, attention is being paid to CVD, diabetes and cancer, but obesity is somewhat neglected in national and international health policies. [23]. This is partly due to the fact that this condition is not generally recognized or classified as a disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rationale, methods and first results of the Iranian national programme for prevention of chronic diseases from childhood: caspian study

Motlagh¹,

Kelishadi²,

Ardalan³

et al. 2009

East Mediterr Health J

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The CASPIAN Study aims to implement a school-based surveillance system for prevention of noncommunicable diseases from childhood in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The baseline survey was conducted from November 2003 to May 2004 in 23 provinces among 21 111 school students aged 6-18 years and their parents. The data collected included: birth weight and current anthropometric measurements; dietary and exercise habits; family history of chronic diseases; and knowledge about prevention. Fasting blood sugar and lipid profile were assessed in a subsample of 4811 students. Rationale

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rationale, methods and first results of the Iranian national programme for prevention of chronic diseases from childhood: caspian study

Motlagh¹,

Kelishadi²,

Ardalan³

et al. 2009

East Mediterr Health J

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“…The number of diabetic patients is estimated to increase from 20.8 million in 2000 to 42.3 million in 20304. It is reported that China has overtaken India, and has become the top country with the highest number of people with diabetes for 92.4 million adults affected5, 6.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus among inland residents in China (2000–2014): A meta‐analysis

Yang

Shao

Bian

et al. 2016

J of Diabetes Invest

131

108

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Aims/IntroductionBesides the aging population in China, the following have become serious public health problems: increasing urban population, lifestyle changes and diabetes. We assessed the epidemiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus in China between 2000 and 2014, and analyzed time trends to better determine the prevalence status of diabetes in China and to provide a basis for prevention and decision‐making.Materials and MethodsIn our systematic review, we searched China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese VIP Information, Wanfang and PubMed databases for studies on type 2 diabetes mellitus between 2000 and 2014 in China. Two investigators extracted the data and assessed the quality of the included literature independently. We excluded studies that did not use 1999 World Health Organization criteria for diabetes. We also excluded reviews and viewpoints, studies with insufficient data, studies that were not carried out in mainland China and studies on troops, community, schools or physical examination people. We used stata 12.0 to combine the prevalence of all studies, calculated the pooled prevalence and its 95% confidence interval, and analyzed the differences among men/women, urban/rural areas and year of study. We calculated the prevalence of seven geographic areas of China, respectively, and mapped the distribution in the whole country to estimate the pooled prevalence of each area.ResultsOur search returned 4,572 studies, 77 of which satisfied the inclusion criteria. The included studies had a total of 1,287,251 participants, in which 680,574 cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus were recorded. The overall prevalence (9.1%) has been increasing since the 1970s, and it increased rapidly with age. The prevalence of the 65–74 years group was as high as 14.1%. Meanwhile, the prevalence among men/women and urban/rural areas was significantly different. The prevalence was 9.9% for men and 11.6% for women, which were significantly higher than the average at the end of the last century and the beginning of this century. The prevalence rate in urban areas (11.4%) was significantly higher than that in rural areas and in urban‐rural fringe areas, and the prevalence in rural areas (8.2%) was slightly higher than that in urban‐rural fringe areas (7.5%). In addition, the prevalence in each geographic area were estimated and mapped, which showed a large imbalance in the map.ConclusionsOur analysis suggested that type 2 diabetes mellitus is highly prevalent in China. These results underscore the urgent need for the government to vigorously strengthen the management of diabetes prevention and control.

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“…With communicable diseases still prevalent, this imposes a double-burden of disease in countries with limited resources and ill-equipped health systems (2) . An unhealthy diet, including insufficient consumption of fruit and vegetables is one of four main behavioural risk factors in the development of NCDs.…”

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confidence: 99%

Estimation of fruit and vegetable consumption in a cohort of Ghanaian women and evaluation of knowledge, attitudes and practice

Moss¹,

Mushtaq

2013

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), previously confined to industrialised nations, are spreading through the developing world at unprecedented rates (1) . With communicable diseases still prevalent, this imposes a double-burden of disease in countries with limited resources and ill-equipped health systems (2) . An unhealthy diet, including insufficient consumption of fruit and vegetables is one of four main behavioural risk factors in the development of NCDs. However, consumption across the world, including Ghana, is below recommended levels (3) . Despite a wealth of research in developed countries, few studies have investigated barriers to fruit and vegetable consumption in Ghana. The aim of the present study was to assess fruit and vegetable consumption and evaluate knowledge, attitudes and practice in a cohort of Ghanaian women.A mixed-methods approach, incorporating a survey delivered in a guided interview format was utilised to investigate patterns and determinants of fruit and vegetable consumption in a cohort of Ghanaian women. Data were collected from female environmental health and nursing students aged 18-33 years (n = 74, response rate 98.7%), residing in the Korle-Bu district of Accra, Ghana. A 24-hour recall questionnaire, local handy measures and a specially designed portion size assessment sheet allowed estimation of fruit and vegetable consumption, whilst a questionnaire comprising both qualitative and quantitative questions enabled investigation of barriers to consumption in Ghanaian society.A significantly greater level of low fruit and vegetable consumption was found in the present study (69 %), than detailed in the World Health Survey 2002-03 (p £ 0.001). There was a significant positive association between meal frequency and consumption levels (p = 0.025), however, no association was found between consumption and knowledge levels, income, home-production or perceived adequate consumption. Themes emerging from the research related to barriers affecting consumption included cost, availability, quality, and health and safety issues. Unhealthy snacking was found to be common, as were unhealthy substitutions during periods of scarcity.Numerous barriers causing the observed decrease in fruit and vegetable consumption were identified in the present study. The interrelating nature of the barriers identified suggests a multidirectional approach to address these issues would offer the greatest benefits for consumption levels. Increasing agricultural infrastructure is key, whilst educational initiatives should also play a major role in future strategies to increase fruit and vegetable consumption. Future investment and policy in Ghana should focus on prevention rather than cure, if the growing NCD burden is to be halted.

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The burden of non communicable diseases in developing countries

Cited by 602 publications

References 13 publications

Rationale, methods and first results of the Iranian national programme for prevention of chronic diseases from childhood: caspian study

Rationale, methods and first results of the Iranian national programme for prevention of chronic diseases from childhood: caspian study

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus among inland residents in China (2000–2014): A meta‐analysis

Estimation of fruit and vegetable consumption in a cohort of Ghanaian women and evaluation of knowledge, attitudes and practice

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