The c-wave of the electroretinogram possesses a third component from the proximal retina

Zeumer, C; Hanitzsch, Renate; Mättig, W.-U.

doi:10.1016/0042-6989(94)90223-2

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…We should point out that although it not a subject of this investigation, the reduction of the corneal-positive c-wave response could be due simply to an effect on the pigment epithelial response by a distal K + increase of the type reported by Dick and Miller (1978) when ethanol and GABA were applied simultaneously to the frog retina. The possibility that M/iller cells may contribute a corneal-positive component to the c-wave (Zeumer et al, 1994) should also be considered for skate, since its Mfller cells have been shown to have a PTX-sensitive GABA response Qian et al, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacology of the skate electroretinogram indicates independent ON and OFF bipolar cell pathways.

Chappell

Rosenstein

1996

The Journal of General Physiology

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Organization of afferent information into parallel ON and OFF pathways is a critical feature of the vertebrate visual system. All afferent visual information in the vertebrate retina reaches the inner plexiform layer (IPL) via bipolar cells. It is at the bipolar cell level that separation of ON and OFF information first appears for afferent information from cones. This may also hold true for the rod pathway of cold-blooded vertebrates, but not for mammals. The all-rod retina of the skate presents an opportunity to examine such pathways in a retina having but a single class of photoreceptor. Immunocytochemical evidence suggests that both ON and OFF bipolar cells are present in the skate retina. We examined the pharmacology of the skate electroretinogram (ERG) to test the hypothesis that independent ON and OFF bipolar cell pathways are functional as rod afferent pathways from outer to inner plexiform layer in the skate. 100 txM 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid (APB) reversibly blocked the skate ERG b-wave. A small d-wave-like OFF component of the ERG revealed by DC recording of response to a prolonged (10 s) flash of light was reduced or blocked by 5 mM kynurenic acid (KYN). We found that addition of 200 txM picrotoxin to the Ringer's solution revealed prominent ON and OFF components of the skate ERG while reducing the c-wave. These ON and OFF components were reversibly blocked by 100 tzM APB and 5 mM KYN, respectively. Reversible block of the OFF component by KYN was also accomplished in the presence of 500 I~M ALmethyl-DL-aspartate. From these findings, we conclude that ON and OFF bipolar cells are likely to be functional as parallel afferent interplexiform pathways in the allrod retina of the skate.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacology of the skate electroretinogram indicates independent ON and OFF bipolar cell pathways.

Chappell

Rosenstein

1996

The Journal of General Physiology

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“…In frog, it was argued that the minor IPL source represented K ϩ leaving Müller cells at the IPL (Xu & Karwoski, 1997). There is evidence for a component of the c-wave due to movement of K ϩ through Müller cell membranes at the IPL (Zeumer et al, 1994). However, this c-wave component would involve an inwardly directed K ϩ flux across Müller cell membranes, whereas the IPL source (described in the present paper) would need to be an outwardly directed flux, if it was due to K ϩ movement across Müller cell membranes.…”

Section: Source/sink Distributions and Origins Of Erg Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The situation may be clearer with the c-wave, which is formed from the interaction of two components (Steinberg et al, 1985)-one from the pigment epithelial cells, and the other (slow PIII) from the Müller cells. However, a contribution to the c-wave from the proximal retina also has been argued (Zeumer et al, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current source-density analysis of light-evoked field potentials in rabbit retina

Karwoski

1999

Vis Neurosci

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The technique of current source-density analysis was applied to several components of the light-evoked field potentials (electroretinogram) from the retina of the superfused eyecup of rabbit. The depth distributions of the major current sources and sinks were: b-wave--sink at outer plexiform layer, source at inner plexiform layer; M-wave--sink at inner plexiform layer, source at retinal surface; and slow PIII--source near outer plexiform layer, sink at retinal surface. These distributions, along with the sensitivities of these responses to certain pharmacological agents, support earlier studies that Müller cells generate the M-wave and slow PIII, but that depolarizing bipolar cells directly generate the b-wave.

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“…c-wave and d-wave analysis in WT and K42E retina Previously, we observed that targeted ablation of Dhdds in the RPE caused RPE atrophy, retinal degeneration, and reduction of DA and LA ERG 29 . Here, we investigated the effect of the KI K42E Dhdds mutation on RPE function by examining the c-wave, which re ects RPE and Müller cell contributions 30 . Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To measure the off-response (d-wave), a 5-sec step of light was presented under DC recording; this stimulus also produced the c-wave, which is contributed by the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and Müller cells (2.27 log photons/µm 2 /sec) 30,43,53 . Amplitudes of the c-wave were measured from baseline to the peak of the c-wave and the d-wave (OFF-cone bipolar cell responses) were measured from the off transient.…”

Section: Electroretinography (Erg)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Dhdds K42E knock-in RP59 mouse model shows inner retina pathology and defective synaptic transmission

Nguyen

Chakraborty

Rao

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) defines a group of hereditary progressive rod-cone degenerations that exhibit a common phenotype caused by mutations in over 70 genes. While most mutations in the dehydrodolichyl diphosphate synthase (DHDDS) gene result in syndromic abnormalities, some mutations cause non-syndromic RP (RP59). DHDDS encodes one subunit of the enzyme cis-prenyltransferase (CPT), which is required for the synthesis of dolichol (Dol), that is a necessary protein glycosylation cofactor. We previously reported the creation and initial characterization of a knock-in mouse model harboring the most prevalent RP59-associated DHDDS mutation (K42E) to understand how defects in DHDDS lead to retina-specific pathology. This model exhibited no profound retinal degeneration, nor protein N-glycosylation defects. Here, we report that the Dol isoprenylogue species in retina, liver, and brain of the K42E mouse model are shorter than in the corresponding tissues of age-matched controls, as reported in blood and urine of RP59 patients. Retinal transcriptome analysis demonstrated elevation of many genes encoding proteins involved in synaptogenesis and synaptic function. Quantitative retinal cell layer thickness measurements demonstrated a significant reduction in the inner nuclear layer (INL) and total retinal thickness (TRT) beginning at postnatal (PN) ∼2 months, progressively increasing to PN 18-mo. Histological analysis revealed cell loss in the INL, outer plexiform layer (OPL) disruption, and ectopic localization of outer nuclear layer (ONL) nuclei into the OPL of K42E mutant retinas, relative to controls. Electroretinograms (ERGs) of mutant mice exhibited reduced b-wave amplitudes beginning at PN 1-mo, progressively declining through PN 18-mo, without appreciable a-wave attenuation, relative to controls. Our results suggest that the underlying cause of DHDDS K42E mutation driven RP59 retinal pathology is defective synaptic transmission from outer to inner retina.

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The c-wave of the electroretinogram possesses a third component from the proximal retina

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Pharmacology of the skate electroretinogram indicates independent ON and OFF bipolar cell pathways.

Pharmacology of the skate electroretinogram indicates independent ON and OFF bipolar cell pathways.

Current source-density analysis of light-evoked field potentials in rabbit retina

A Dhdds K42E knock-in RP59 mouse model shows inner retina pathology and defective synaptic transmission

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