The campylobacteriosis conundrum – examining the incidence of infection with<i>Campylobacter</i>sp. in Australia, 1998–2013

Moffatt, Cameron; Glass, Kathryn; Stafford, Russell; DʼEste, Catherine; Kirk, Martyn

doi:10.1017/s0950268816002909

Cited by 24 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Despite robust food safety standards, Australia like many high-income countries, experiences significant disease burden because of Campylobacter spp. (Havelaar et al, 2015;Moffatt et al, 2017a). Despite this burden our results show a median of five outbreaks per year, with no increase in foodborne Campylobacter outbreaks as a proportion of all foodborne outbreaks over time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…During 2016, 246,307 cases were reported among EU member states (notification rate 66.3 per 100,000 population) and 52,381 cases were reported in England and Wales (notification rate 89.7 per 100,000) (European Food Safety Authority [EFSA], 2017;Gastrointestinal Infections Department, 2018). Similarly in Australia, disease incidence remains high (Moffatt et al, 2017a), with 24,239 confirmed cases reported in 2016, a national notification rate of 100.2 per 100,000 (Australian Government Department of Health, 2019).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the high incidence and case numbers, Campylobacter outbreaks remain less frequently reported in Australia (Unicomb et al, 2009;Moffatt et al, 2017a). This contrasts markedly with Salmonella enterica, another enteric pathogen of public health significance, responsible for *1000 outbreaks in Australia between 2001(Ford et al, 2018.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Characteristics of Campylobacter Gastroenteritis Outbreaks in Australia, 2001 to 2016

Moffatt

Fearnley

Bell

et al. 2020

Foodborne Pathogens and Disease

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Campylobacter spp. are a globally important cause of bacterial gastroenteritis, with Australia experiencing higher rates of illness than many comparable high-income countries. Despite the high disease incidence, outbreaks of campylobacteriosis in Australia are infrequently detected and reported. We examined the epidemiology of Campylobacter outbreaks in Australia, with particular emphasis on assessing transmission routes and evidence as reported during public health investigations. A national register of enteric and foodborne disease outbreaks was used to summarize data on all Campylobacter outbreaks reported in Australia between 2001 and 2016. Outbreak data were reviewed and analyzed for trends over time. Additional information was sought from state and territory epidemiologists, to validate transmission routes. A total of 84 Campylobacter outbreaks were reported, with 51 (61%) being classified as foodborne. Specific food vehicles were identified for 33 (65%) outbreaks, with 28 (85%) implicating chicken or chicken-containing dishes. Although no increase in the proportion of foodborne Campylobacter outbreaks was observed, examination of specific food vehicles demonstrated a significant increase in outbreaks because of poultry-liver containing foods (p = 0.04). One quarter of all 1042 outbreak-associated cases occurred in aged-care facilities (ACFs), including 17 associated hospitalizations and three deaths. After review of evidence data, 23 outbreaks (27%) were determined to have an unknown route of transmission, including 10 (43%) outbreaks occurring in ACFs. Campylobacter spp. remain a less commonly reported cause of gastroenteritis outbreaks in Australia. Although many reported outbreaks can be linked to foodborne transmission, over a quarter were unable to identify either a food vehicle or transmission source, particularly for outbreaks occurring in aged care. Increased efforts to improve evidence collection and understanding of transmission dynamics for outbreaks of campylobacteriosis, particularly in aged care, are required.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Characteristics of Campylobacter Gastroenteritis Outbreaks in Australia, 2001 to 2016

Moffatt

Fearnley

Bell

et al. 2020

Foodborne Pathogens and Disease

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, host factors may have important roles in the pathogenesis of campylobacteriosis in humans (Dasti et al, 2010 (Oberhelman & Taylor, 2000;Skirrow, 1994). In industrialized countries, culture-confirmed cases of Campylobacter infection peak in distinct age groups, 0-4 years, 20-25 years (Ang et al, 2011;Moffatt, Glass, Stafford, D'Este, & Kirk, 2017;Spencer et al, 2012) and finally in the 65 years and older age group (Moffatt et al, 2017). The incubation period for campylobacteriosis is usually 2-5 days.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of the Agent Virulence-associated Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge gaps in control ofCampylobacterfor prevention of campylobacteriosis

Hansson

Sandberg

Habib

et al. 2018

Transbound Emerg Dis

146

112

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Campylobacteriosis is an important, worldwide public health problem with numerous socio-economic impacts. Since 2015, approximately 230,000 cases have been reported annually in Europe. In the United States, Australia and New Zealand, campylobacteriosis is the most commonly reported disease. Poultry and poultry products are considered important sources of human infections. Poultry meat can become contaminated with Campylobacter during slaughter if live chickens are intestinal carriers. Campylobacter spp. can be transferred from animals to humans through consumption and handling of contaminated food products, with fresh chicken meat being the most commonly implicated food type. Regarding food-borne disease, the most important Campylobacter species are Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli. In humans, clinical signs of campylobacteriosis include diarrhoea, abdominal pain, fever, headache, nausea and vomiting. Most cases of campylobacteriosis are sporadic and self-limiting, but there are post-infection complications, for example, Guillain-Barrés syndrome. This review summarizes an analysis undertaken by the DISCONTOOLS group of experts on campylobacteriosis. Gaps were identified in: (i) knowledge of true number of infected humans; (ii) mechanisms of pathogenicity to induce infection in humans; (iii) training to prevent transfer of Campylobacter from raw to ready-to-eat food; (iv) development of effective vaccines; (v) understanding transmission routes to broiler flocks; (vi) knowledge of bacteriocins, bacteriophages and antimicrobial peptides as preventive therapies; (vii) ration formulation as an effective preventive measure at a farm level; (viii) development of kits for rapid detection and quantification of Campylobacter in animals and food products; and (ix) development of more effective antimicrobials for treatment of humans infected with Campylobacter. Some of these gaps are relevant worldwide, whereas others are more related to problems encountered with Campylobacter in industrialized countries.

show abstract

“…Campylobacter and Salmonella are typically considered foodborne illness causative agents, but other environmental sources including water can play a role in disease transmission [ 124 , 125 ]. Campylobacter is the causative agent of campylobacteriosis and the leading cause of gastrointestinal illness in Australia [ 126 , 127 ]. Salmonella is the causative agent of salmonellosis gastroenteritis which has been increasing in incidence in Australia over the last decade [ 128 , 129 ].…”

Section: Microbiological Contaminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Roof Harvested Rainwater in Australia

Chubaka

Whiley

Edwards

et al. 2018

Journal of Environmental and Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To address concern regarding water sustainability, the Australian Federal Government and many state governments have implemented regulatory mechanisms and incentives to support households to purchase and install rainwater harvesting systems. This has led to an increase in rainwater harvesting in regional and urban Australia. This review examines the implementation of the regulatory mechanisms across Australia. In addition, the literature investigating the potential health consequences of rainwater consumption in Australia was explored. Studies demonstrated that although trace metals such as arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead, and iron were present in Australian rainwater, these metallic elements were generally found below the health limit guideline, except in high industrial areas. In addition, pathogenic or indicator microorganisms that include, but are not limited to, Escherichia coli, total and faecal coliforms, Campylobacter, Salmonella, Legionella, Pseudomonas, Cryptosporidium, Enterococci, Giardia, Aeromonas, and Mycobacterium avium Complex (MAC) have been detected in rainwater collected in Australia. However, epidemiological evidence suggests that drinking rainwater does not increase the risk of gastrointestinal disease. It was also identified that there is a need for further research investigating the potential for rainwater to be a source of infection for opportunistic pathogens.

show abstract

The campylobacteriosis conundrum – examining the incidence of infection withCampylobactersp. in Australia, 1998–2013

Cited by 24 publications

References 33 publications

Characteristics of Campylobacter Gastroenteritis Outbreaks in Australia, 2001 to 2016

Characteristics of Campylobacter Gastroenteritis Outbreaks in Australia, 2001 to 2016

Knowledge gaps in control ofCampylobacterfor prevention of campylobacteriosis

A Review of Roof Harvested Rainwater in Australia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About