The case for a dorsomedial area in the primate ‘third-tier’ visual cortex

Rosa, Marcello G. P.; Angelucci, Alessandra; Jeffs, Janelle; Pettigrew, John D.

doi:10.1098/rspb.2012.1372

Cited by 18 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Subsequent anatomical studies have found connections between V1 and both dorsal and ventral halves of V3 (Lyon & Kaas, 2001; Lyon & Kaas, 2002 a ), which support, though do not prove, that dorsal and ventral halves are part of the same functional region. However, these anatomical data have been reinterpreted to be consistent with other models (see Rosa et al, 2013), and subsequent anatomical mapping that sampled dorsal cortex at a higher spatial resolution in New World monkeys supports the DM model (Jeffs et al, 2013). The DM model proposes that cortex anterior to dorsal V2 includes both upper and lower visual field representations of contralateral visual space (Fig.…”

Section: Identification Of Individual Areassupporting

confidence: 56%

Topographic organization of areas V3 and V4 and its relation to supra-areal organization of the primate visual system

Arcaro

Kästner

2015

Vis Neurosci

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Areas V3 and V4 are commonly thought of as individual entities in the primate visual system, based on definition criteria such as their representation of visual space, connectivity, functional response properties, and relative anatomical location in cortex. Yet, large-scale functional and anatomical organization patterns not only emphasize distinctions within each area, but also links across visual cortex. Specifically, the visuotopic organization of V3 and V4 appears to be part of a larger, supra-areal organization, clustering these areas with early visual areas V1 and V2. In addition, connectivity patterns across visual cortex appear to vary within these areas as a function of their supra-areal eccentricity organization. This complicates the traditional view of these regions as individual functional “areas.” Here, we will review the criteria for defining areas V3 and V4 and will discuss functional and anatomical studies in humans and monkeys that emphasize the integration of individual visual areas into broad, supra-areal clusters that work in concert for a common computational goal. Specifically, we propose that the visuotopic organization of V3 and V4, which provides the criteria for differentiating these areas, also unifies these areas into the supra-areal organization of early visual cortex. We propose that V3 and V4 play a critical role in this supra-areal organization by filtering information about the visual environment along parallel pathways across higher-order cortex.

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Section: Identification Of Individual Areassupporting

confidence: 56%

Topographic organization of areas V3 and V4 and its relation to supra-areal organization of the primate visual system

Arcaro

Kästner

2015

Vis Neurosci

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“…To date, several studies have reported similarities between the brains of marmosets and larger primates, including the macaque monkey, which to date remains the most intensively used primate model (e.g., Huffman and Krubitzer, ; de la Mothe et al, ; Roberts et al, ; Rosa et al, ; Burman and Rosa, ). However, a number of differences have also been highlighted, which may require consideration as part of the design and interpretation of experiments (e.g., Padberg et al, ; Burman et al, ; Reser et al, 2013; Rosa et al, ). Based on a comprehensive study of the cortical connections of M1, the present study confirms the high‐level similarity of the motor control network across simian primates, and offers new insights on the issue of anatomical heterogeneity within this area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Patterns of cortical input to the primary motor area in the marmoset monkey

Burman

Bakola

Richardson

et al. 2014

J of Comparative Neurology

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In primates the primary motor cortex (M1) forms a topographic map of the body, whereby neurons in the medial part of this area control movements involving trunk and hindlimb muscles, those in the intermediate part control movements involving forelimb muscles, and those in the lateral part control movements of facial and other head muscles. This topography is accompanied by changes in cytoarchitectural characteristics, raising the question of whether the anatomical connections also vary between different parts of M1. To address this issue, we compared the patterns of cortical afferents revealed by retrograde tracer injections in different locations within M1 of marmoset monkeys. We found that the entire extent of this area is unified by projections from the dorsocaudal and medial subdivisions of premotor cortex (areas 6DC and 6M), from somatosensory areas 3a, 3b, 1/2, and S2, and from posterior parietal area PE. While cingulate areas projected to all subdivisions, they preferentially targeted the medial part of M1. Conversely, the ventral premotor areas were preferentially connected with the lateral part of M1. Smaller but consistent inputs originated in frontal area 6DR, ventral posterior parietal cortex, the retroinsular cortex, and area TPt. Connections with intraparietal, prefrontal, and temporal areas were very sparse, and variable. Our results demonstrate that M1 is unified by a consistent pattern of major connections, but also shows regional variations in terms of minor inputs. These differences likely reflect requirements for control of voluntary movement involving different body parts.

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“…Area 6DR received minor inputs from visual areas, which were rarely observed to target 6DC, including the motion‐sensitive superior temporal areas MST, FST, and MTC (Rosa and Elston, ), occipitoparietal area DA (a likely homolog of V3A; Rosa et al, ), the peripheral representations of V2 and VLA (V4; Rosa and Tweedale, ), area prostriata (Rockland, ; Yu et al, ), and the as yet poorly characterized medial part of area 19, which also has an emphasis on peripheral vision (Allman and Kaas, ; Rosa and Schmid, 1995). These inputs highlight a direct pathway whereby information in peripheral vision could influence motor planning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of afferent input to the caudal and rostral areas of the dorsal premotor cortex (6DC and 6DR) in the marmoset monkey

Burman

Bakola

Richardson

et al. 2014

J of Comparative Neurology

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Corticocortical projections to the caudal and rostral areas of dorsal premotor cortex (6DC and 6DR, also known as F2 and F7) were studied in the marmoset monkey. Both areas received their main thalamic inputs from the ventral anterior and ventral lateral complexes, and received dense projections from the medial premotor cortex. However, there were marked differences in their connections with other cortical areas. While 6DR received consistent inputs from prefrontal cortex, area 6DC received few such connections. Conversely, 6DC, but not 6DR, received major projections from the primary motor and somatosensory areas. Projections from the anterior cingulate cortex preferentially targeted 6DC, while the posterior cingulate and adjacent medial wall areas preferentially targeted 6DR. Projections from the medial parietal area PE to 6DC were particularly dense, while intraparietal areas (especially the putative homolog of LIP) were more strongly labeled after 6DR injections. Finally, 6DC and 6DR were distinct in terms of inputs from the ventral parietal cortex: projections to 6DR originated preferentially from caudal areas (PG and OPt), while 6DC received input primarily from rostral areas (PF and PFG). Differences in connections suggest that area 6DR includes rostral and caudal subdivisions, with the former also involved in oculomotor control. These results suggest that area 6DC is more directly involved in the preparation and execution of motor acts, while area 6DR integrates sensory and internally driven inputs for the planning of goal-directed actions. They also provide strong evidence of a homologous organization of the dorsal premotor cortex in New and Old World monkeys.

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The case for a dorsomedial area in the primate ‘third-tier’ visual cortex

Cited by 18 publications

References 19 publications

Topographic organization of areas V3 and V4 and its relation to supra-areal organization of the primate visual system

Topographic organization of areas V3 and V4 and its relation to supra-areal organization of the primate visual system

Patterns of cortical input to the primary motor area in the marmoset monkey

Patterns of afferent input to the caudal and rostral areas of the dorsal premotor cortex (6DC and 6DR) in the marmoset monkey

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