The Case of Leprosy in Work Area of Talango Health Center in Sumenep Regency: Case Control Study

Abstract

Introduction: Leprosy was caused by Mycobacterium leprae infection which attacks the peripheral nerves and human skin. A total of 39 cases of leprosy occurred in 2018 at the Talango Health Center and became the highest prevalence in Sumenep Regency each year. Multibacillary leprosy dominates in 76.92% of cases. This study aims to analyze the influence of physical environment factors of the home namely temperature, humidity, ventilation, occupancy density, natural lighting, wall types, and floor types on the incidence of leprosy in Talango Health Center. Method: This type of research was observational analytic with a case-control research design. The respondent chosen was 25 cases and 25 controls, taken using simple random sampling. Data were collected through observation sheets which included measurements of temperature, humidity, ventilation, occupancy density, natural lighting observations, types of walls and floors. Data analysis using a chi-square test. Result and Discussion: The results of this study indicate that there was a significant correlation of ventilation variables (p = 0,03) and natural lighting (p = 0,04), whereas in the temperature (p = 1,00), humidity (p = 0,48), occupancy density (p = 1,00), wall type (p = 1,00), and floor type (p = 1,00) found no significant correlation. The physical environment of the house has not received special attention from the local community. As long as they were still comfortable living with these conditions there was no need to take any action. Conclusion: The community needs to be increased awareness by counseling and increasing knowledge of the dangers of the physical environment of the house that were not properly maintained at minimum health standards.

Analyzing factors of leprosy patients’ adherence to treatment in Sukasari Sub-district, Subang

“…The physical environment of a house including ventilation and lighting needs attention; a physical environment that is not in line with minimum health standards will increase the risk of transmitting this disease. 32 In this study, it was concluded that there was no significant relationship between genders, occupations and medication adherence. These results are in line with other researchers, genders are not a determinant of adherence, although the incidence of leprosy is higher in men than women.…”

Hubungan Kondisi Fisik Rumah Dan Riwayat Kontak Dengan Kejadian Kusta

“…Selain itu sebagian besar rumah responden yang diteliti memiliki ventilasi hanya pada ruang tamu dan juga sebagian reponden memakai jendela yang permanen sehingga sirkulasi udara menjadi terhambat dan udara segar tidak dapat masuk kedalam ruangan. Selain itu, penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Rhomdani et al, (2020) menunjukkan bahwa luas ventilasi berhubungan dengan kejadian kusta di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Talango Kabupaten Sumenep. Dalam hasil penelitiannya menyatakan bahwa responden kasus memiliki ruang tidur yang tidak memenuhi persyaratan luas ventilasi yaitu <10% dari luas lantai.…”

“…Penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Idayani et al, (2017) bahwa kurangnya cahaya yang masuk ke dalam rumah dapat menyebabkan ruangan menjadi lembab sehingga bakteri mycobacterium leprae dapat tumbuh subur. Penelitian juga dilakukan oleh Rhomdani et al, (2020) Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rumah responden dengan kepadatan hunian yang tidak memenuhi syarat berjumlah 19 rumah (100%) pada kelompok kasus, sedangkan 5 rumah (26,3%) pada kelompok kontrol. Rumah responden dengan kepadatan hunian yang memenuhi syarat berjumlah 0 rumah (0%) pada kasus, sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol berjumlah 14 rumah (73,7%).…”