The Causal Effect of Education on Earnings

Card, David

doi:10.1016/s1573-4463(99)03011-4

Cited by 2,355 publications

(2,364 citation statements)

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“…3 Based on a random control trial including a limited number of ChalleNGe sites, the ChalleNGe program has been shown to have positive impacts on labor market outcomes for those who participate. 4 When compared with similar young people not in the program, 3 For a detailed review, see Card (1999). 4 A random control trial, considered the gold standard within social science research, compares outcomes for two groups: a treatment group (in this case, a group of applicants who were accepted into the ChalleNGe program) with a control group (a similar group of young people who were not admitted into the ChalleNGe program).…”

Section: Previous Research On Challengementioning

confidence: 99%

National Guard Youth ChalleNGe: Program Progress in 2015–2016

Wenger¹,

Constant²,

Cottrell³

et al. 2017

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This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited. Permission is given to duplicate this document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of its research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions.The RAND Corporation is a research organization that develops solutions to public policy challenges to help make communities throughout the world safer and more secure, healthier and more prosperous. RAND is nonprofit, nonpartisan, and committed to the public interest.RAND's publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors.Support RAND Make a tax-deductible charitable contribution at www.rand.org/giving/contribute www.rand.org For more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/t/RR1848Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available for this publication.ISBN: 978-0-8330-9834-4 Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif. © Copyright 2017 RAND CorporationR® is a registered trademark. Cover: Jim Greenhill for the United States Government.iii PrefaceThe National Guard Youth ChalleNGe program is a residential, quasi-military program for youth between the ages of 16 and 18 who are experiencing difficulty in traditional high school. The program is operated by participating states through their state National Guard organizations with supporting federal funds and oversight. The first ChalleNGe sites began in the mid-1990s; today there are 40 ChalleNGe sites in 29 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. To date, more than 145,000 young people have completed the ChalleNGe program. Congress requires the ChalleNGe program to deliver a report on its pro gress each year.The program includes a 5.5-month Residential Phase followed by a 12-month PostResidential Phase, with support from a mentor. The stated goal of ChalleNGe is "to intervene in and reclaim the lives of 16-18 year old high school dropouts, producing program gradu ates with the values, life skills, education, and self-discipline necessary to succeed as productive citizens."In this report, we provide information in support of the required annual report to Congress. We also lay out a framework for use in evaluating ChalleNGe sites; subsequent reports will provide additional information on future cohorts of students and will build on this framework to develop more detailed and more effective metrics, and will provide strategies for data collection in support of these metrics. Methods used in this study include site visits, data collection and analy sis, lit er a ture review, and development of two tools to assist in improving the metrics-a theory of change (TOC) and a program logic model. This report will be of interest to ChalleNGe prog...

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Section: Previous Research On Challengementioning

confidence: 99%

National Guard Youth ChalleNGe: Program Progress in 2015–2016

Wenger¹,

Constant²,

Cottrell³

et al. 2017

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“…Second, we analysed the earnings of cases relative to the average earnings of their respective controls, organising data by duration of diabetes. Finally, the impact of diabetes and disease duration on the 4-year average annual earnings in 2002-2005 (smoothing transitory fluctuations) were analysed, controlling for confounders in a standard laboureconomic model [28]. Models were estimated in the full sample (model 1) and in a restricted sample comprising persons active in the labour market in all years in 2002-2005 (model 2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Logistic regression analysis was used to analyse the probability of not being in the labour market in the years 2002-2005 [30]. Semilogarithmic ordinary least squares analysis was used to analyse average annual earnings in 2002-2005 [28,32]. Stata version 10.1 was used for the statistical analyses (www.stata.com) [31].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term detrimental consequences of the onset of type 1 diabetes on annual earnings—evidence from annual registry data in 1990–2005

et al. 2009

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“…This approach has had a tremendous impact on the scientific thinking and policy making (as it appears to be consistent with the Paretian optimality) and, as result, the lion's share of the anti-poverty funds has been placed on childcare, education, training and lifelong learning. However, the emphasis placed on "human capital" as the "great leveler" has seriously been contested by subsequent studies (Card, 1999;Breen and Goldthorpe, 2001;Erikson and Goldthorpe, 2002;Warren et al, 2002). What is more, the overly optimistic view of rapid regression to the mean between rich and poor families in the developed nations, put forward by Becker and Tomes (1986), has been cast into doubt by newer empirical assessments (Zimmerman, 1992;Solon 1989Solon , 1992Solon , 1999Mazumder, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causal pathways of intergenerational poverty transmission in selected EU countries

Papanastasiou

Papatheodorou

2018

SCAD

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Αιτιώδεις διαδροµές της διαγενεακής µεταβίβασης της φτώχειας σε επιλεγµένες χώρες της ΕΕ Στέφανος Παπαναστασίου, ∆ηµοκρίτειο Πανεπιστήµιο Θράκης Χρίστος Παπαθεοδώρου, Πάντειο Πανεπιστήµιο ΠΕΡIΛΗΨΗ Το άρθρο διερευνά εάν, µε ποιο τρόπο και σε ποιο βαθµό η οικογένεια προέλευσης επηρεάζει τον κίνδυ-νο φτώχειας των απογόνων σε επιλεγµένες χώρες της ΕΕ που αντιπροσωπεύουν διαφορετικά συστήµατα κοινωνικής προστασίας. Κάνοντας χρήση logit µοντέ-λων και αξιοποιώντας µικροδεδοµένα από την EU-SILC, η ανάλυση αναδεικνύει τη σηµασία της κοινω-νικής προστασίας για την αναχαίτιση της διαγενεακής µεταβίβασης της φτώχειας. Η ∆ανία µε το σοσιαλδηµο-κρατικό κράτος πρόνοιας είναι η πιο επιτυχηµένη στην άµβλυνση της επίδρασης της οικογένειας προέλευσης στον κίνδυνο φτώχειας των παιδιών, ακολουθούµενη από την Γαλλία που αντιπροσωπεύει το συντηρητικό-κορπορατιστικό καθεστώς ευηµερίας. Λιγότερο αποτε-λεσµατικές σε αυτό το ζήτηµα εµφανίζονται η Ελλάδα και η Μεγάλη Βρετανία που αντιπροσωπεύουν το νοτι-οευρωπαϊκό και το φιλελεύθερο σύστηµα κοινωνικής προστασίας αντίστοιχα. ΛΕΞΕΙΣ-ΚΛΕΙ∆ΙΑ:Φτώχεια, διαγενεακή κινητικό-τητα, διαγενεακή µεταβίβαση φτώχειας, γονεϊκό υπόβαθρο, κοινωνική προστασία, καθεστώτα ευ-ηµερίας, ΕΕ. ABSTRACT The paper investigates whether, in what wayand to what extent the family of origin affects offspring's poverty risk in selected EU countries representing different social protection systems. Employing logit models and utilizing EU-SILC data, the analysis brings to the forefront the importance of social protection for intercepting the intergenerational transmission of poverty. Denmark with the socialdemocratic welfare state is the most successful in mitigating the effect of the family of origin on offspring's poverty risk, followed by France representing the conservative-corporatist welfare regime. Less effective οn this matter appear to be Greece and Great Britain representing the south-European and the liberal social protection system respectively.

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The Causal Effect of Education on Earnings

Cited by 2,355 publications

References 58 publications

National Guard Youth ChalleNGe: Program Progress in 2015–2016

National Guard Youth ChalleNGe: Program Progress in 2015–2016

Long-term detrimental consequences of the onset of type 1 diabetes on annual earnings—evidence from annual registry data in 1990–2005

Causal pathways of intergenerational poverty transmission in selected EU countries

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The Causal Effect of Education on Earnings

Cited by 2,355 publications

References 58 publications

National Guard Youth ChalleNGe: Program Progress in 2015&ndash;2016

National Guard Youth ChalleNGe: Program Progress in 2015&ndash;2016

Long-term detrimental consequences of the onset of type 1 diabetes on annual earnings—evidence from annual registry data in 1990–2005

Causal pathways of intergenerational poverty transmission in selected EU countries

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

National Guard Youth ChalleNGe: Program Progress in 2015–2016

National Guard Youth ChalleNGe: Program Progress in 2015–2016