The Causes of Acquired Paralysis of the Ocular Muscles*

Neuro-Ophthalmologic Evaluation of Abducens Nerve Paralysis

“…Such a study dealing in specifics should aid the clinician to settle more definitely the problem of etiology and to answer more precisely the question of prognosis, so ubiquitously similar. 2 Only patients with acquired abducens nerve paralysis have been included in this study; congenital anomalies and birth injuries have been excluded. Developmental childhood strabismus, supranuclear lesions, and the myopathies also have been excluded.…”

A Contribution to the Etiology of Neurogenic Extraocular Palsy

“…This can only be explained by the d o u b t as to th e existence of this en tity as a cause of extraocular muscle paralysis. This doubt still exists to d ay as can be seen when reviewing pathologic and clinical lite ratu re on the etiology of e x tra ocular palsy [12][13][14][15][16]. A lthough a variety of vascular diseases are always discussed, am ong them aneurysm a of the carotid interna or pressure atro p h y of a nerve due to arteriosclerosis of th e ad jacen t vessel [12,15], there is always the significant omission of paralysis caused by arteriosclerosis of th e n u trie n t arteries of th e nerves them selves.…”

The Prognosis for Disturbances in Ocular Motility Following Trauma to the Head

“…who in his study of 138 cases of traumatic ocular palsies finds 107 partial and total paralyses of the oculomotor nerve and 31 paralyses of two or more ocular muscles not supplied by the same cerebral nerve. Rucker et al (16) found that 113 out of 653 cases of ocular muscle paralyses registered at the Mayo Clinic were traumatically conditioned, and in a later publication (15) Rucker states that 17 O/O of 1000 cases of ocular palsies at the Mayo Clinic proved to be of traumatic origin. Lyle ( 1 4 ) reports that 104 out of 219 squint patients that were operated on had traumatically conditioned strabismus.…”