The cephalosporin antimicrobial agents: a comprehensive review

Caprile, Kelli A.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2885.1988.tb00117.x

Cited by 61 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 175 publications

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“…The aminothiazolyl cephalosporins are particularly important because they possess favorable chemotherapeutic properties and are associated with low rates of adverse effects (1,8). Cefotaxime was the first representative of this group of cephalosporins (11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial activities in vitro and in vivo and pharmacokinetics of cefquinome (HR 111V), a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin

Limbert¹,

Isert²,

Klesel³

et al. 1991

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

107

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Cefquinome is a new injectable aminothiazolyl cephalosporin derivative. It is stable against chromosomally and plasmid-encoded I8-lactamases and has a broad antibacterial spectrum. Staphylococcus aureus, streptococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and members of the family Enterobacteriaceae (Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp., Citrobacter spp., and Serratia marcescens) are inhibited at low concentrations. Cefquinome is also active against many strains of methicillin-resistant staphylococci and enterococci. Its in vitro activity against gram-negative anaerobes is very limited. The high in vitro activity of cefquinome is reflected by its high in vivo efficacy against experimental septicemia due to different gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. We studied the pharmacokinetic properties of cefquinome in mice, dogs, pigs, and calves. After single parenteral administrations, cefquinome displayed high peak levels, declining with half-lives of about 0.5, 0.9, 1.2, and 1.3 h, respectively. The areas under the concentration-time curve determined for dogs and mice showed linear correlations to the given doses. In dogs the urinary recovery was more than 70% within 24 h of dosing.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial activities in vitro and in vivo and pharmacokinetics of cefquinome (HR 111V), a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin

Limbert¹,

Isert²,

Klesel³

et al. 1991

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

107

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“…We should also consider the influence of the drug protein binding in plasma and tissue. It is well known that the extent of binding of drugs to plasma proteins differs considerably among species (Callan and Sunderman, 1973;Kragh-Hansen, 1981;Caprile, 1988).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This antibiotic is distributed mainly in the extracellular fluid and excreted by the kidneys, being hard to find in the cephaloraquideal liquid (Booth and McDonald, 1987;Caprile, 1988). The distribution of cephalothin in the mammary gland is related to the diffusion of the nonionized, lipid soluble form of this drug through the epithelial cells of the gland.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations between milk production and kinetic variables in milk of cephalothin administered to lactating goats

Rule¹,

Cordiviola²,

Vita³

et al. 2004

Vet. Med.

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ABSTRACT:The aim of the present study was to correlate the milk production and the kinetic variables in milk of cephalothin administered to goats. Twenty healthy creole goats in milk production were used. Cephalothin was administered by intravenous route (20 mg/kg b.w.). Milk samples were collected at 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 8.0 and 12.0 hours postadministration of the antibiotic. Cephalothin concentrations were measured in milk samples by high performance liquid chromatography. The values (mean ± standard error) of milk production collected during 24 hours previous to the administration of the antibiotic were 761.5 ± 111.1 ml. The results of the kinetic variables (mean ± standard error) of cephalothin in milk were: AUC = 5.4 ± 1.6 µg/ml/h; C max = 1.1 ± 0.3 µg/ml and t max = 1.7 ± 0.1 h. The correlation coefficients AUC-milk production, C max -milk production and t max -milk production were: 0.602 (P < 0.01), 0.596 (P < 0.01) and 0.398 (P < 0.1), respectively. In conclusion, the areas under the curve and the maximum concentrations and the time to reach them in milk are in fact related to the volume of milk produced by the goats.

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“…The TCF obtained after a sin gle dose (intravenous or intramuscular) ex ceeded the MIC for susceptible organisms [1] for at least 6 h after infusion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics and Penetration into Tissue Fluid of Cefotaxime in Bovines

Rule

Buschiazzo²,

Rubio³

et al. 1994

Chemotherapy

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Concentrations of cefotaxime in serum and tissue fluid were studied in the bovine after intravenous and intramuscular administration at a dosage of 10 mg • kg^-1 body weight. Steers implanted subcutaneously with tissue cages were used. After intravenous bolus administration, profiles of mean concentrations in serum over time were described by a two-compartment open model. The rate constant of elimination was 1.4 ± 0.3 h^-1 and the half-life 0.6 ± 0.1 h. The rate constant of distribution was 11.5 ± 1.9 h^-1, and the half-life was 0.06 ± 0.01 h. The volume of distribution at steady state was 250.6 ± 37.3 ml • kg^-1. The area under the curve was 31.8 ± 7.4 μg • ml^-1 • h. The penetration ratio into tissue fluid was 36.5 ± 15.4%. After intramuscular injection, the half-life was 1.1 ± 0.3 h, the area under the curve was 27.5 ± 6.8 μg • ml^-1 • h, and the penetration ratio into tissue fluid was 47.1 ± 15.8%. The concentrations in tissue fluid after intravenous and intramuscular administration of cefotaxime were elevated during a 6-hour period after administration.

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The cephalosporin antimicrobial agents: a comprehensive review

Cited by 61 publications

References 175 publications

Antibacterial activities in vitro and in vivo and pharmacokinetics of cefquinome (HR 111V), a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin

Antibacterial activities in vitro and in vivo and pharmacokinetics of cefquinome (HR 111V), a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin

Correlations between milk production and kinetic variables in milk of cephalothin administered to lactating goats

Pharmacokinetics and Penetration into Tissue Fluid of Cefotaxime in Bovines

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