The ceramide [NP]/[NS] ratio in the stratum corneum is a potential marker for skin properties and epidermal differentiation

Yokose, Urara; Ishikawa, Junko; Morokuma, Yuki; Naoe, Ayano; Inoue, Yosuke; Yasuda, Yuka; Tsujimura, Hiroji; Fujimura, Tsutomu; Murase, Takatoshi; Hatamochi, Atsushi

doi:10.1186/s12895-020-00102-1

Cited by 50 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Bouwstra et al also clarified that such changes in SC ceramides were more markedly observed in the skin lesions than in the normal skin of AD patients [ 63 , 64 , 65 ]. Other studies have confirmed that similar changes in SC ceramides occur in AD [ 66 , 67 , 68 ].…”

Section: Altered Amount and Composition Of Ceramides And Other Lipids In The Skin Of Patients With Adsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…As noted above, AD skin is associated with lipid abnormalities ( Figure 5 ). Collectively, the extractable SC lipids, such as acylCer, Cer[NP], and Cer[NH], are reduced, whereas Cer[AS] and Cer[NS] are increased [ 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 ]. In addition, short-chain rather than long-chain ceramides are increased [ 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 ].…”

Section: Altered Amount and Composition Of Ceramides And Other Lipids In The Skin Of Patients With Admentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Pathogenic and Therapeutic Implications of Ceramide Abnormalities in Atopic Dermatitis

Fujii

2021

Cells

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Ceramides play an essential role in forming a permeability barrier in the skin. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic skin disease associated with skin barrier dysfunction and immunological abnormalities. In patients with AD, the amount and composition of ceramides in the stratum corneum are altered. This suggests that ceramide abnormalities are involved in the pathogenesis of AD. The mechanism underlying lipid abnormalities in AD has not yet been fully elucidated, but the involvement of Th2 and Th1 cytokines is implicated. Ceramide-dominant emollients have beneficial effects on skin barrier function; thus, they have been approved as an adjunctive barrier repair agent for AD. This review summarizes the current understanding of the mechanisms of ceramide abnormalities in AD. Furthermore, the potential therapeutic approaches for correcting ceramide abnormalities in AD are discussed.

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Section: Altered Amount and Composition Of Ceramides And Other Lipids In The Skin Of Patients With Adsupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Altered Amount and Composition Of Ceramides And Other Lipids In The Skin Of Patients With Admentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pathogenic and Therapeutic Implications of Ceramide Abnormalities in Atopic Dermatitis

Fujii

2021

Cells

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“…The most common lipid in the stratum corneum, ceramide, has multiple subtypes. The prevalence of ceramide subtypes differ in psoriatic lesions, in a manner which is correlated with transepidermal water loss [ 51 ]. The total amount of ceramide in keratinocytes and fibroblasts is not reduced in psoriatic lesions, suggesting that this effect is from the dysregulation of the ceramide subtype, rather than a reduction of the lipid [ 52 ].…”

Section: Barrier Aberration In Psoriasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin Barrier Dysregulation in Psoriasis

Andreas

Bereza-Malcolm

Lynch

et al. 2021

IJMS

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The skin barrier is broadly composed of two elements—a physical barrier mostly localised in the epidermis, and an immune barrier localised in both the dermis and epidermis. These two systems interact cooperatively to maintain skin homeostasis and overall human health. However, if dysregulated, several skin diseases may arise. Psoriasis is one of the most prevalent skin diseases associated with disrupted barrier function. It is characterised by the formation of psoriatic lesions, the aberrant differentiation and proliferation of keratinocytes, and excessive inflammation. In this review, we summarize recent discoveries in disease pathogenesis, including the contribution of keratinocytes, immune cells, genetic and environmental factors, and how they advance current and future treatments.

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“…The structure of the epidermis is schematically represented in Figure 1. The outermost sublayer of the epidermis, named stratum corneum (SC) (10-20 µm), plays a fundamental role as the body's first and main physical skin barrier from external menaces [19][20][21]. It consists of corneocytes-specific cells that are the essential limiting factor for permeation through the skin, restricting the passage of molecules significantly larger than 500 Da [22].…”

Section: Skinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid Nanoparticulate Drug Delivery Systems: Recent Advances in the Treatment of Skin Disorders

Stefanov

Andonova

2021

Pharmaceuticals

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The multifunctional role of the human skin is well known. It acts as a sensory and immune organ that protects the human body from harmful environmental impacts such as chemical, mechanical, and physical threats, reduces UV radiation effects, prevents moisture loss, and helps thermoregulation. In this regard, skin disorders related to skin integrity require adequate treatment. Lipid nanoparticles (LN) are recognized as promising drug delivery systems (DDS) in treating skin disorders. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) together with nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) exhibit excellent tolerability as these are produced from physiological and biodegradable lipids. Moreover, LN applied to the skin can improve stability, drug targeting, occlusion, penetration enhancement, and increased skin hydration compared with other drug nanocarriers. Furthermore, the features of LN can be enhanced by inclusion in suitable bases such as creams, ointments, gels (i.e., hydrogel, emulgel, bigel), lotions, etc. This review focuses on recent developments in lipid nanoparticle systems and their application to treating skin diseases. We point out and consider the reasons for their creation, pay attention to their advantages and disadvantages, list the main production techniques for obtaining them, and examine the place assigned to them in solving the problems caused by skin disorders.

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The ceramide [NP]/[NS] ratio in the stratum corneum is a potential marker for skin properties and epidermal differentiation

Cited by 50 publications

References 43 publications

The Pathogenic and Therapeutic Implications of Ceramide Abnormalities in Atopic Dermatitis

The Pathogenic and Therapeutic Implications of Ceramide Abnormalities in Atopic Dermatitis

Skin Barrier Dysregulation in Psoriasis

Lipid Nanoparticulate Drug Delivery Systems: Recent Advances in the Treatment of Skin Disorders

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