The cerebrovascular response to norepinephrine: A scoping systematic review of the animal and human literature

Froese, Logan; Dian, Joshua; Gomez, Alwyn; Unger, Bertram; Zeiler, Frederick A.

doi:10.1002/prp2.655

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 122 publications

(591 reference statements)

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“…NE is a well-known vasoconstrictor, an important neurotransmitter secreted by sympathetic nerves, which can affect some arterial diseases by inhibiting the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) [21,22]. It has been shown that stimulation of the cervical sympathetic ganglia could increase NE levels and decrease basilar artery (BA) blood supply, whereas adrenergic receptor blockade could inhibit this effect [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Massage on Neuro-Vascular Regulation and Apoptosis in Rabbits with Cervical Spondylosis of the Vertebral Artery Type

Wang

Hui

Xiong

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Objective To explore the therapeutic mechanisms of massage for cervical spondylosis of vertebral artery type (CSA) from the effects of sympathetic neurotransmitter changes on vertebral artery blood flow and apoptosis. Methods Forty rabbits were randomly divided into a normal group, model group, electroacupuncture (EA) group, and massage group, with 10 rabbits in each group. The CSA rabbit model was established by neck injection of sclerosing agent in all groups except the normal group. In the EA group, the left “Fengchi” (GB 20) and the 3rd-5th cervical vertebrae (C3-5) “Jiaji” (EX-B2) were selected for EA treatment. In the massage group, pushing manipulation with one finger was performed at 0.5 cm to the left side of the C3-5 spinous process and the tip of the transverse process. The vertebral artery blood flow was detected by laser Doppler. The levels of serum neuropeptide Y (NPY) and norepinephrine (NE) were determined by ELISA. The pathological morphological changes of vertebral arteries were observed by HE staining. The apoptosis of vertebral arteries and cerebella were detected by Tunel assay. The protein expressions of CHOP, Bcl-2, and Bax in vertebral arteries and cerebella were detected by Western blot. Results Vertebral artery blood flow was significantly decreased in all rabbits after modeling. Massage increased vertebral artery blood flow, decreased serum levels of NPY and NE which secreted by sympathetic nerves, improved vertebral artery lumen narrowing, intimal thinning, and mesenteric smooth muscle cell alignment. Moreover, these effects were superior to that in the EA group. In addition, the massage group significantly reduced the apoptotic index, decreased the CHOP and Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) protein expressions, and increased the B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) protein expression in vertebral arteries and cerebella relative to the model group. Conclusion The treatment of CSA has a neuro-vascular regulatory mechanism. Massage can decrease the release of sympathetic neurotransmitters that constrict blood vessels and mitigate apoptosis induced by excessive endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) due to sympathetic excitation, so as to improve vertebral artery blood flow and serve as a treatment for CSA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Massage on Neuro-Vascular Regulation and Apoptosis in Rabbits with Cervical Spondylosis of the Vertebral Artery Type

Wang

Hui

Xiong

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…All patients underwent mechanical ventilation and thus were sedated to facilitate toleration to tracheal intubation and were mostly on vasopressors. Even though results are still conflicting [ 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 ], a recent study found that sedatives and vasopressors do not affect CA significantly in traumatic brain injury patients [ 60 ]. Other physiological variables, which may have an influence on CA (i.e., carbon dioxide and MAP), were in a near-physiological range in our cohort.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated Pupillometry as an Assessment Tool for Intracranial Hemodynamics in Septic Patients

Crippa

Pelosi

Cornejo

et al. 2022

Cells

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Impaired cerebral autoregulation (CA) may increase the risk of brain hypoperfusion in septic patients. Sepsis dysregulates the autonomic nervous system (ANS), potentially affecting CA. ANS function can be assessed through the pupillary light reflex (PLR). The aim of this prospective, observational study was to investigate the association between CA and PLR in adult septic patients. Transcranial Doppler was used to assess CA and calculate estimated cerebral perfusion pressure (eCPP) and intracranial pressure (eICP). An automated pupillometer (AP) was used to record Neurological Pupil Index (NPi), constriction (CV) and dilation (DV) velocities. The primary outcome was the relationship between AP-derived variables with CA; the secondary outcome was the association between AP-derived variables with eCPP and/or eICP. Among 40 included patients, 21 (53%) had impaired CA, 22 (55%) had low eCPP (<60 mmHg) and 15 (38%) had high eICP (>16 mmHg). DV was lower in patients with impaired CA compared to others; DV predicted impaired CA with area under the curve, AUROC= 0.78 [95% Confidence Interval, CI 0.63–0.94]; DV < 2.2 mm/s had sensitivity 85% and specificity 69% for impaired CA. Patients with low eCPP or high eICP had lower NPi values than others. NPi was correlated with eCPP (r = 0.77, p < 0.01) and eICP (r = −0.87, p < 0.01). Automated pupillometry may play a role to assess brain hemodynamics in septic patients.

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“…The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines were followed (Tricco et al, 2018). The methodology, including the search strategy, is similar to other scoping reviews published by our group (Froese et al, 2020a(Froese et al, , 2020b(Froese et al, , 2020cGomez et al, 2021b). Given that this is a systematic scoping review of the literature it was not eligible for registration in PROSPERO.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Quantitative Associations Between Near Infrared Spectroscopic Cerebrovascular Metrics and Cerebral Blood Flow: A Scoping Review of the Human and Animal Literature

et al. 2022

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Cerebral blood flow (CBF) is an important physiologic parameter that is vital for proper cerebral function and recovery. Current widely accepted methods of measuring CBF are cumbersome, invasive, or have poor spatial or temporal resolution. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) based measures of cerebrovascular physiology may provide a means of non-invasively, topographically, and continuously measuring CBF. We performed a systematically conducted scoping review of the available literature examining the quantitative relationship between NIRS-based cerebrovascular metrics and CBF. We found that continuous-wave NIRS (CW-NIRS) was the most examined modality with dynamic contrast enhanced NIRS (DCE-NIRS) being the next most common. Fewer studies assessed diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) and frequency resolved NIRS (FR-NIRS). We did not find studies examining the relationship between time-resolved NIRS (TR-NIRS) based metrics and CBF. Studies were most frequently conducted in humans and animal studies mostly utilized large animal models. The identified studies almost exclusively used a Pearson correlation analysis. Much of the literature supported a positive linear relationship between changes in CW-NIRS based metrics, particularly regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2), and changes in CBF. Linear relationships were also identified between other NIRS based modalities and CBF, however, further validation is needed.

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The cerebrovascular response to norepinephrine: A scoping systematic review of the animal and human literature

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 26 publications

References 122 publications

Effects of Massage on Neuro-Vascular Regulation and Apoptosis in Rabbits with Cervical Spondylosis of the Vertebral Artery Type

Effects of Massage on Neuro-Vascular Regulation and Apoptosis in Rabbits with Cervical Spondylosis of the Vertebral Artery Type

Automated Pupillometry as an Assessment Tool for Intracranial Hemodynamics in Septic Patients

The Quantitative Associations Between Near Infrared Spectroscopic Cerebrovascular Metrics and Cerebral Blood Flow: A Scoping Review of the Human and Animal Literature

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