The Challenges of Water Pollution: Enforcement of Water Pollution Control

Abstract

Water demand continues to increase, while its availability was increasingly limited due to pollution. Therefore, the issue of legal sanction in the management of water resources was interesting to be examined because of the void of norm related to the sanction of administrative, civil and criminal sanction in Article 87-120 of Act Number 32 of 2009. So, this research was qualified into normative legal research with legal material from result of library research. The type of administrative legal sanctions were more effectively applied to protect water resources from pollution. Administrative Legal Sanction was not implemented through the judges, more easily and quickly implemented in providing protection against water resources, compared with sanctions of Criminal Law and Civil Law.

Analyzing Local Residents’ Perceptions of Tourism Activities in Tourism Areas

“…This is reinforced by [28] who argues that everyone must be aware of the negative sides of tourism and take appropriate steps to manage the liquid waste generated by tourism activities, especially the government as the authority holder. This is supported by [29] which state that administrative legal sanctions are more effective in protecting water resources from pollution. While, other scholar proposed concerning the importance of supervision of tourism activities [30] (Fig.…”

A Comparative Study of Discrete Dynamical System and Moving Average Model in Assessing and Predicting Availability of Clean Water

“…Between 1900 and 1995 alone, the demand of water has increased six times more than double the rate of population growth (Postel, 1997), thus poses threat for the existence of life in general. Such dependencies to this limited resource is becoming critical, as water quality became poorer and polluted as time progresses [2].…”

“…Among reasons of water pollution includes natural processes of eutrophication (Zieminskastolarska & Skrzypski (2012), dyeing and screen printing business [2], expansion of the mining industry, increasing use of chemicals in agriculture and rapid changes in land activities [5], and farming activities [6], to highlight only a few. These have been supported by Marusic [7] in her article where she stated that the economic activity of society could bring negative changes in aquatic systems, for example, the changing in the water chemical composition and disrupting aquatic systems.…”