The Changes of the Cognitive and Psychomotor Functions in the Chronic Cannabis Users after a Month of Remission

Umut, Gökhan; Atagün, Murat İlhan; Evren, Cüneyt; Cengel, Hanife Yilmaz; Hısım, Ö.; Keskinkılıç, Cahit

doi:10.5455/bcp.20151019014343

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Psychiatrist have been reported to have limited use of appropriate testing in clinical practice (49). The studies regarding information processing reported no widespread use of AMIPB, though it could be used as an alternative test to assess information processing owing to its ease and short duration of applicability in four minutes (13,(50)(51)(52). The findings of our study also indicate better specificity and sensitivity of AMIPB in assessments of information processing, which may be preferred in clinical practice as well as in research.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Information processing abnormalities in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Balaban¹,

Atagün²,

Özgüven³

2018

Dusunen Adam

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Information processing abnormalities in schizophrenia and bipolar disorderObjective: Patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia exhibit abnormalities in attention, memory, working memory, verbal/visual learning and executive functions. However, many of the tests fail to detect slight changes in cognitive performance due to ceiling effect. It was aimed to determine sensitivity and specificity of the tests that measure information processing in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in this study. Method: Thirty four patients with schizophrenia, 35 patients with bipolar disorder according to DSM-IV and 33 healthy control subjects matched for age, education level and gender were enrolled to the study. For clinical assessments Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms, Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Young Mania Rating Scale, Clinical Global Impression Scale and Abnormal Involuntary Movements Scale were used. All participants performed a battery consisting of tests measuring information processing including Adult Memory and Information Processing Battery (AMIPB), Trail Making Test (TMT) Form A and B, Digit Symbol Coding Task (DST) and Auditory and Visual Reaction Time Tests (RTT).Results: The schizophrenia group had significantly lower performance than the healthy control group in all tests and lower performance than the bipolar disorder group in AMIPB-A and B tests, TMT A and B tests. The bipolar disorder group had lower performance than the healthy control group only in DST test. The AMIPB A and B tests were the most sensitive and specific tests in the ROC analysis. Conclusion: Changes in cognitive function might be better monitored by the tests whose sensitivity and specificity are higher. Since psychiatric disorders are highly heterogeneous, measurement tools are important for precise measurements.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Information processing abnormalities in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Balaban¹,

Atagün²,

Özgüven³

2018

Dusunen Adam

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“…Our findings also show a significant association between envisioned future events' vividness and global cognitive functioning in cannabis users. Previous studies that assessed global cognitive functioning with MoCA reported significant deficiencies in Cannabis users compared to Controls (143)(144). This finding may implicate the notable relationship between EFT and cognitive functions such as memory, which is believed to be serving EFT function as a fundamental component (145).…”

Section: ) Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

How do cannabis users mentally travel in time? Evidence from an fMRI study of episodic future thinking

et al. 2021

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Background: Episodic Future Thinking (EFT) is a cognitive function that allows individuals to imagine novel experiences that may happen in the future. Prior studies show that EFT is impaired in different groups of substance users such as alcohol and heroin users. However, there is no evidence regarding the neurobiological mechanisms of EFT in cannabis users. Aim:We aimed to compare brain activations of regular cannabis users and non-using controls during an EFT fMRI task. Exploratory analyses were also conducted to investigate the association between EFT and cannabis use variables (e.g. duration of use, age onset, etc.).Method: Twenty current cannabis-users and 22 drug-naïve controls underwent a single session fMRI while completing a task involving envisioning future-related events and retrieval of past memories as a control condition. The EFT fMRI task was adapted from the autobiographical interview and composed of 20 auditory cue sentences (10 cues for past and 10 cues for future events). Participants were asked to recall a past or generate a future event, in response to the cues, and then rated their vividness after each response. Results:We found that cannabis-users compared to non-user controls had lower activation within the cerebellum, medial, and superior temporal gyrus, lateral occipital cortex, and occipital fusiform gyrus while envisioning future events. Cannabis-users rated the vividness of past events significantly lower than non-users (P<0.005). There were marginal group differences for rating the vividness of future events (P=0.052). Conclusion:Cannabis users, compared to drug-naïve controls, have lower brain activation in EFT relevant regions. Thus, any attempts to improve aberrant EFT performance in cannabis-users may benefit from EFT training.

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“…MoCA reported significant deficiencies in Cannabis users compared to Controls (143)(144). This finding may implicate the notable relationship between EFT and cognitive functions such as memory, which is believed to be serving EFT function as a fundamental component (145).…”

Section: ) Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

How Do Cannabis Users Mentally Travel in Time: Evidence from an fMRI Study of Episodic Future Thinking

Rafei¹,

Rezapour²,

Batouli³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Episodic Future Thinking (EFT) is a cognitive function that allows individuals to imagine novel experiences that may happen in the future. Prior studies show that EFT is impaired in different groups of substance users, such as alcohol and heroin users. However, there is no evidence regarding the neurobiological mechanisms of EFT in cannabis users.Aim: We aimed to compare brain activations of regular cannabis users and non-using controls during an EFT fMRI task. Exploratory analyses were also conducted to investigate the association between EFT and cannabis use variables (e.g., duration of use, age-onset, etc.).Method: Twenty current cannabis-users and 22 non-users underwent a single session fMRI while completing a task involving envisioning future-related events and retrieval of past memories as a control condition. The EFT fMRI task was adapted from the autobiographical interview and composed of 20 auditory cue sentences (10 cues for past and 10 cues for future events). Participants were asked to recall a past or generate a future event, in response to the cues, and then rated their vividness after each response. Results: We found that cannabis-users compared to non-user controls had lower activation within the cerebellum, medial, and superior temporal gyrus, lateral occipital cortex, and occipital fusiform gyrus while envisioning future events. Cannabis-users rated the vividness of past events significantly lower than non-users (P<0.005). There were no significant group differences for rating the vividness of future events (P=0.052). Conclusion: Cannabis users, compared to drug-naïve controls, have lower brain activation in EFT relevant regions. Thus, any attempts to improve aberrant EFT performance in cannabis-users may benefit from EFT training.

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The Changes of the Cognitive and Psychomotor Functions in the Chronic Cannabis Users after a Month of Remission

Cited by 6 publications

References 40 publications

Information processing abnormalities in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Information processing abnormalities in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

How do cannabis users mentally travel in time? Evidence from an fMRI study of episodic future thinking

How Do Cannabis Users Mentally Travel in Time: Evidence from an fMRI Study of Episodic Future Thinking

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