The Changing Face of America

O’Connor, Kate; Brissett, Anthony E.

doi:10.1016/j.otc.2019.12.009

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This table summarizes the commonly noted physical traits of patients of African descent, of Asian descent, Mestizo patients and Caucasian patients discussed in the rhinoplasty literature [9,12 ▪ ,17 ▪▪ ,19 ▪▪ ,26,30 ▪ ,32 ▪▪ ]. It is important to note that not all patients of a given race will have these physical characteristics.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently in the medical literature, traits such as skin color and craniofacial anthropometry have not necessarily mapped to socially defined racial categories [3,7,8 & ]. In contrast, the term ethnicity refers to cultural practices, language, religion, nationality, shared history and sometimes race, to differentiate groups of populations [9,10]. Ethnicity is typically selfproclaimed.…”

Section: Race and Ethnicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, the term ethnicity refers to cultural practices, language, religion, nationality, shared history and sometimes race, to differentiate groups of populations [9,10]. Ethnicity is typically self-proclaimed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Common physical traits of noses of various ethnicities and frequently performed rhinoplasty maneuversThis table summarizes the commonly noted physical traits of patients of African descent, of Asian descent, Mestizo patients and Caucasian patients discussed in the rhinoplasty literature[9,12 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The use of race-based terminology in the rhinoplasty literature

Newsome

John

2022

Current Opinion in Otolaryngology &Amp; Head &Amp; Neck Surgery

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Purpose of review To provide an overview of the use of race-based terminology in the rhinoplasty literature. Recent findings The rhinoplasty literature is often indexed by race, with common usage of the terms Ethnic/Non-Caucasian/Nonwhite; African American/of African descent; Hispanic/Latinx; and Asian to refer to certain patient populations. There are wide variations in facial features within these populations, but specific traits may be more prevalent in patients with certain backgrounds. More recently, in particular within the ‘Asian rhinoplasty’ literature, titles have pivoted to include specific anatomic characteristics of interest, which offers a more objective way of discussing this topic. Summary The use of race and ethnicity to describe facial and nasal anatomy in the rhinoplasty literature introduces subjectivity and diminishes the validity of the rhinoplasty literature. We advocate the usage of specific physical and anatomic descriptions rather than race and ethnicity within the rhinoplasty literature.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Race and Ethnicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The use of race-based terminology in the rhinoplasty literature

Newsome

John

2022

Current Opinion in Otolaryngology &Amp; Head &Amp; Neck Surgery

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“…The relevance of one’s race and ethnicity in the realm of plastic surgery has become increasingly important as the US population diversifies each year [ 1 ]. The accessibility and popularity of aesthetic surgery have also increased in recent years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facial Morphometrics in Black Celebrities: Contemporary Facial Analysis Using an Artificial Intelligence Platform

Salinas

Liu

Sharaf

2023

JCM

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The diversity of patients pursuing facial aesthetic and facial gender-affirming surgery (FGAS) is increasing, yet there is a paucity of objective guidelines to facilitate surgical decision-making in patients of color. We conducted a quantitative analysis of black celebrities using standardized frontal photos of 21 female and 21 male celebrities. Celebrities were chosen from popular entertainment magazines and websites, including People Magazine, the Internet Movie Database (IMDb), Cosmopolitan, and Essence. For each celebrity, 100 facial landmarks were detected through a facial analysis artificial intelligence (AI) program. Black males had greater facial height, bizygomatic width, lower facial height, and bigonial width than females. However, the facial height to bigonial width ratio was similar between genders and approximated the golden ratio (1.618). Female faces demonstrated a greater mid-face height to total facial height proportion, and males had a greater lower facial height proportion. Females exhibited an upward-slanted medial brow and shorter total eyebrow length, nose height, and alar width. Forehead height above the lateral brow was greater in males, while central forehead height was similar to females. This is the first study that has utilized AI to provide ethnicity-specific facial morphometrics relevant to facial rejuvenation and FGAS in the black population.

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Non-Caucasian Rhinoplasty

Cobo¹

2022

Clinics in Plastic Surgery

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The Changing Face of America

Cited by 7 publications

References 28 publications

The use of race-based terminology in the rhinoplasty literature

The use of race-based terminology in the rhinoplasty literature

Facial Morphometrics in Black Celebrities: Contemporary Facial Analysis Using an Artificial Intelligence Platform

Non-Caucasian Rhinoplasty

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