The Chemical Induction of Parthenocarpy in the <i>Calimyrna</i> Fig and its Physiological Significance

Crane, Julian C.

doi:10.1104/pp.40.4.606

Cited by 24 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…3) can be correlated with some previous reports, but not with others. Cytokinins stimulate anthocyanin synthesis in some plants (Crane, 1964;Klein and Hagen, 1961;Thimann and Radner, 1962) and inhibit it in others (Crane, 1965;Crane and van Overbeek, 1965;Hirai, 1966).…”

Section: Anthocyanin Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fruit set v. anthocyanin synthesis All major plant hormones (and diflFerent chemical forms of each) have been implicated in fruit-set, growth, development and ripening although plants may vary in their responses or requirements (Addicott and Lyon, 1969;Crane, 1964Crane, ,1969Letham, 1967Letham, , 1969van Overbeek, 1962;Pratt and Goeschl, 1969). Post-pollination phenomena in orchids, including ovule formation are initiated by auxin (Fitting, 1910;Heslop-Harrison, 1957;Hsiang, 1951a;Hubert and Maton, 1939;Morita, 1918;PoddubnayaArnoldi, 1964) and possibly also other substances which may be contained in the pollen.…”

Section: Anthocyanin Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of hormones are known to participate in fruit-set and development (Addicott and Lyon, 1969;Crane, 1964Crane, ,1965Crane, ,1969Letham, 1967Letham, , 1969 and can initiate postpollination symptonK which may vary among orchid genera or species, and with each hormone (Arditti, Flick and Jeffrey, 1971;Arditti and Knauft, 1969;Dolcher, 1959Dolcher, , 1961Dolcher, , 1967Hayes, 1968;Heslop-Harrison, 1957;Jancke, 1915;Ringstrom, 1968;Roux, 1954) but are definite and easily observable. Orchid flowers are, therefore, not only unique in their structure, beauty and pollination mechanisms (Dodson, 1967;van der Pijl and Dodson, 1966), but also exceedingly interesting in their responses to pollination or hormone treatments (Arditti, 1969;Arditti et al, 1971;Arditti and Knauft, 1969).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Auxins, gibberellins and cytokinins can induce parthenocarpic fruits in a number of plants (Crane, 1964(Crane, ,1965(Crane, , 1969.These hormoneshavealsobeenimplicated in the earliest stages of fruit growth (van Overbeek, 1962) and, therefore, it is not surprising to note that they can initiate some post-pollination (i.e. early fruit-set) symptoms in orchid flowers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post‐pollination Phenomena in Orchid Flowers

1971

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SUMMARYNAA, in concentrations exceeding o.oi /Ug/flower, initiates post-pollination phenomena in Cymbidium (Orchidaceae) flowers similar to those brought on by pollination. These include stigmatic closure, swelling and loss of curvature of the column, wilting of the perianth, deformation of the calli, and anthocyanin production. Applications of relatively high concentrations of GA3 induce post-pollination effects which, except for anthocyanin production, are less intense than those brought about by auxin. Kinetin does not induce post-poUination phenomena, but in concentrations of 10 fig and 100 ^g/flower causes slight stigmatic closure, and in some combinations with NAA it inhibits wilting. Stigmatic closure, loss of column curvature and changes in calli, all of them NAA induced, cannot be prevented by simultaneous applications of kinetin, GAj or ABA. Some combinations of NAA and GA3 lowered anthocyanin content relative to separate treatments with either hormone. Flowers treated with GA3 plus kinetin wilted slightly in most cases, but columns did not swell and retained their curvature; calli did not develop colour and anthocyanin content was generally equal to that of flowers given only kinetin. GA3 and ABA when applied together brought on symtoms which were similar to those caused by ABA only but anthocyanin content was lower than in flowers treated with either hormone alone. This is also true for ABA-kinetin mixtures, but intensities of the effects are different and, with certain concentration ratios, stigmatic closure occurs. The phenomena are discussed relative to fruit-set, seed formation, anthoeyanin production, senescence, orchid biology and the possible mode of action of each hormone.

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Section: Anthocyanin Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Anthocyanin Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post‐pollination Phenomena in Orchid Flowers

1971

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“…In the Calimyrna fig, Crane (1965) has shown that applications of auxin, gibberellin, and cytokinin all produce parthenocarpic fruits of similar gross morphology, and he suggests that endogenous hormones regulate fruit growth by effects on the mobilization and translocation of nutrients. Fruits are able to mobilize both organic and inorganic nutrients (Leonard 1962), and effects of growth substances on the translocation of nutrients are thought to be of importance in many aspects of plant development (Mothes, Engelbrecht, and Kulajewa 1959;Booth et al 1962;Seth and Wareing 1964;Nanda and Purohit 1965).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Fruit Set in the Grape Vine

Mullins¹

1967

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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SummaryDefoliation reduces fruit set in the grape vine, but the mechanism of this effect is the subject of controversy. Effects of leaf removal on set have been attributed either to reduction in supply of organic nutrients to the developing bunch or to reduction in supply of fruit· setting factors. In the experiments reported here, small immature fruits developed on defoliated and decapitated vine cuttings, on cuttings in which leaves, apices, and roots were removed as they appeared, and on inflorescences which were cultured in the light in vitro on a medium devoid of exogenous growth substances. These results indicate that fruit set is regulated by supply of organic nutrients rather than by specific hormonal stimuli originating from organs external to the developing bunch.

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