The Chemical Speciation of Uranium in Water Does Not Influence Its Absorption from the Gastrointestinal Tract of Rats

Frelon, Sandrine; Houpert, P.; Lepetit, D; Paquet, F.

doi:10.1021/tx049662i

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The discrepancy is very likely due to the difference of the administration mode. Indeed, previous study demonstrated that only 0.5% of uranium present in drinking water was absorbed into blood by the gastrointestinal system [57]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unexpected Lack of Deleterious Effects of Uranium on Physiological Systems following a Chronic Oral Intake in Adult Rat

Dublineau

Souidi

Guéguen

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

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Uranium level in drinking water is usually in the range of microgram-per-liter, but this value may be as much as 100 to 1000 times higher in some areas, which may raise question about the health consequences for human populations living in these areas. Our purpose was to improve knowledge of chemical effects of uranium following chronic ingestion. Experiments were performed on rats contaminated for 9 months via drinking water containing depleted uranium (0.2, 2, 5, 10, 20, 40, or 120 mg/L). Blood biochemical and hematological indicators were measured and several different types of investigations (molecular, functional, and structural) were conducted in organs (intestine, liver, kidneys, hematopoietic cells, and brain). The specific sensitivity of the organs to uranium was deduced from nondeleterious biological effects, with the following thresholds (in mg/L): 0.2 for brain, >2 for liver, >10 for kidneys, and >20 for intestine, indicating a NOAEL (No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level) threshold for uranium superior to 120 m g/L. Based on the chemical uranium toxicity, the tolerable daily intake calculation yields a guideline value for humans of 1350 μg/L. This value was higher than the WHO value of 30 μg/L, indicating that this WHO guideline for uranium content in drinking water is very protective and might be reconsidered.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unexpected Lack of Deleterious Effects of Uranium on Physiological Systems following a Chronic Oral Intake in Adult Rat

Dublineau

Souidi

Guéguen

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

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“…Studies have been published regarding the theoretical and analytical speciation of actinides or lanthanides in simulated biological fluids such as plasma, saliva, gastric fluid, urine and pancreatic fluids, in order to predict their behavior in the human body. [33][34][35][36][37][38][39] The metals' speciation and solubility were shown to be dependent on the pH, their concentration, the fluid composition and the ionic strength of each system. It must be noted that the theoretical speciation of metals in culture media used in toxicological studies is rarely addressed, although it is a very useful prediction tool for investigators.…”

Section: Speciation In Extracellular Mediummentioning

confidence: 99%

Cobalt chloride speciation, mechanisms of cytotoxicity on human pulmonary cells, and synergistic toxicity with zinc

et al. 2013

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Cobalt is used in numerous industrial sectors, leading to occupational diseases, particularly by inhalation. Cobalt-associated mechanisms of toxicity are far from being understood and information that could improve knowledge in this area is required. We investigated the impact of a soluble cobalt compound, CoCl(2)·6H(2)O, on the BEAS-2B lung epithelial cell line, as well as its impact on metal homeostasis. Cobalt speciation in different culture media, in particular soluble and precipitated cobalt species, was investigated via theoretical and analytical approaches. The cytotoxic effects of cobalt on the cells were assessed. Upon exposure of BEAS-2B cells to cobalt, intracellular accumulation of cobalt and zinc was demonstrated using direct in situ microchemical analysis based on ion micro-beam techniques and analysis after cell lysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Microchemical imaging revealed that cobalt was rather homogeneously distributed in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm whereas zinc was more abundant in the nucleus. The modulation of zinc homeostasis led to the evaluation of the effect of combined cobalt and zinc exposure. In this case, a clear synergistic increase in toxicity was observed as well as a substantial increase in zinc content within cells. Western blots performed under the same coexposure conditions revealed a decrease in ZnT1 expression, suggesting that cobalt could inhibit zinc release through the modulation of ZnT1. Overall, this study highlights the potential hazard to lung function, of combined exposure to cobalt and zinc.

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“…Nevertheless, this study remains speculative from a public health point of view. Modeling of uranium speciation in drinking water with high uranium content and its consequences in the event of ingestion has already been performed in rats (19), but with synthetic mixtures of uranium without potentially speciation-modifying agents such as calcium (Ca 2+ ), and without real environmental sampling. On the other hand, the J-Chess modeling program for speciation has been used for predicting uranium (VI) speciation in different simulated human biological fluids (saliva, gastric juice, plasma) (20).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uranium Speciation in Drinking Water from Drilled Wells in Southern Finland and Its Potential Links to Health Effects

Prat

Vercouter

Ansoborlo

et al. 2009

Environ. Sci. Technol.

142

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Exceptionally high concentrations of natural uranium have been found in drinking water originating from drilled wells in Southern Finland. However, no clear clinical symptoms have been observed among the exposed population. Hence a question arose as to whether uranium speciation could be one reason for the lack of significant adverse health effects. Uranium species were determined using time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy. We performed multi-element chemical analyses in these water samples, and predictive calculations were carried out using up-to-date thermodynamic data. The results indicated good agreement between measurements and modeling. The low toxicity of Finnish bedrockwater may be due to the predominance of two calcium-dependent species, Ca2UO2(CO3)3(aq) and CaUO2(CO3)3(2-), whose nontoxicity for cells has been described previously. This interdisciplinary study describes chemical speciation of drinking water with elevated uranium concentrations and the potential consequence on health. From these results, it appears that modeling could be used for a better understanding of uranium toxicity of drinking water in the event of contamination.

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The Chemical Speciation of Uranium in Water Does Not Influence Its Absorption from the Gastrointestinal Tract of Rats

Cited by 18 publications

References 23 publications

Unexpected Lack of Deleterious Effects of Uranium on Physiological Systems following a Chronic Oral Intake in Adult Rat

Unexpected Lack of Deleterious Effects of Uranium on Physiological Systems following a Chronic Oral Intake in Adult Rat

Cobalt chloride speciation, mechanisms of cytotoxicity on human pulmonary cells, and synergistic toxicity with zinc

Uranium Speciation in Drinking Water from Drilled Wells in Southern Finland and Its Potential Links to Health Effects

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