The chemistry and biological activities of Citrus clementina Hort. Ex Tanaka (Rutaceae), a vegetatively propagated species

Abstract

We report the chemistry and biological activities of a Cameroonian Citrus clementina Hort. Ex Tanaka, a vegetatively propagated species. The compounds isolated from this plant were determined to be the known 5-hydroxy-6,7,8,3',4'-pentamethoxyflavone (1) , tangerine (3), nobilletin (4) and 5,7,8,4'-tetramethoxyflavone (5), citracridone I (6), 5-hydroxynoracronycine (7), citracridone III (8), xanthyletin (10), suberosin (9), E-suberenol (11), E-methoxysuberenol (13), 6-formylumbelliferone (12), aurantiamide acetate (2), limonin (14), stigmasterol, βsitosterol and β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside. Their structures of the compounds were established on the basis of NMR spectroscopic data and comparison with published data.Methanol leaf extract and compounds 1, 2, 4, 6, 7 and 10 were evaluated for their antiinflammatory, antioxidant, urease and anti-diabetic effects. Compound 10 showed antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory effect, urease activity and anti-diabetic activity with IC 50 values of 47.3 µM, 33.5 µM, 25.2 µM and 33.9 µM respectively, values that were comparable to the respective positive standards.

Chemical Composition and Synergistic Antimicrobial Effects of a Vegetatively Propagated Cameroonian Lemon, Citrus x limon (L.) Osbeck

“…The methanol crude extract from roots after successive chromatographic separation yielded clausarin ( 1 ), xanthyletin ( 2 ), suberosin ( 4 ), E -suberenol ( 5 ), E -methoxysuberenol ( 6 ), thamnosmonin ( 7 ), angelitriol ( 8 ), hopey-hopin ( 9 ), formlylumbelliferone ( 10 ), atalantaflavone ( 16 ), limonin ( 18 ), and 1-(10-19) abeo- 7α-acetoxy-10β-hydroxyisoobacunoic acid-3, 10-lactone ( 19 ) . The methanol extract from leaves after successive chromatographic separation yielded bergapten ( 3 ), 5-hydroxy-6,7,8,4′-tetramethoxyflavone ( 11 ), 5-hydroxy-6,7,8,3′,4′-pentamethoxyflavone ( 12 ), 5,4′-dihydroxy-6,7,3′-trimethoxyflavone ( 13 ), 5,4′-dihydroxy-6,7,8,3′-tetramethoxyflavone ( 14 ), 5,6,7,8,4′-pentamethoxyflavone ( 15 ), 5-hydroxynoracronicine ( 17 ), asperfenamate ( 20 ), stigmasterol, sitosterol, and sitosterol-3- O -β- d -glucoside (Figure ).…”

“…The genus Citrus contains a wide range of secondary metabolites such as acridone alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, and limonoids. 18,29 In the work presented here, we report the isolation and structural elucidation of 24 previously described compounds: 10 coumarins (1−10), six flavonoids (11−16), one acridone alkaloid (17), two limonoids (18 and 19), one phenylalanine derivative (20), lupeol, stigmasterol, sitosterol, and sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside. The leaves of C. x limon expressed several polymethoxylated flavones that are usually found in low levels in the fruits.…”

Chemical Profiling of Citrus sinensis Root and the Effects of Its Secondary Metabolites on Cisplatin-Induced Renal and Cardiac Toxicities

“…It also possesses anti-inflammatory effects and scavenges superoxide radical (Chung et al 2013). Citracridone I exerts antispasmodic, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory effects (Yang et al 1987;Bissim et al 2020). The protective effect of xanthyletin and citracridone I against cisplatin-induced toxicity has been tested in the current study.…”