The Chemistry and Function of Lipoic Acid

Reed, Lester J.

doi:10.1002/9780470122631.ch8

Cited by 35 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 86 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Reed (1957) demonstrated the basic functions of ALA, including its antioxidant properties for the first time in leaves. Later, Packer et al (1995) reported that ALA acted on dehydrogenase complexes as a co-factor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth performance, intestinal morphology, and meat quality in relation to alpha-lipoic acid associated with vitamin C and E in broiler chickens under tropical conditions

Yoo

Koo

et al. 2016

R. Bras. Zootec.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-This study was conducted to examine the effect of alpha-lipoic acid with vitamin C and E on growth performance, intestinal morphology, and meat quality in broiler chickens under tropical conditions. A total of 288 one-day-old male ROSS 308 chicks (40±0.1 g) were used in a completely randomized design and allotted to one of six dietary treatments to form sixe replicates per treatment (eight birds per cage). The six dietary treatments were: a corn-soybean meal-based diet (NC; no antimicrobial compounds added) with 8 ppm alpha-lipoic acid (ALA); 150 ppm vitamin C and 75 ppm vitamin E (E-75); E-75 plus ALA (E-75-ALA); 150 ppm vitamin C and 50 ppm vitamin E (E-50) plus ALA (E-50-ALA); and 150 ppm vitamin C and 25 ppm vitamin E (E-25) plus ALA (E-25-ALA). All dietary treatments were continuously provided in liquid form, dissolved in water. Birds were housed in a battery cage (n = 36), and were offered dietary treatments on an ad libitum basis. The ambient temperature was maintained at 32±1 ºC for the first three weeks and reduced gradually to 28 ºC by the end of the experiment (day 35) to induce moderate tropical condition. One bird per pen (n = 6), and another bird per pen (n = 6) were euthanized via cervical dislocation to obtain terminal ileum to measure villus height and crypt depth at day 21, and to harvest breast meat and drumsticks to evaluate meat quality traits at day 35, respectively. Dietary treatment E-75-ALA improved body weight and average daily gain compared with birds fed other dietary treatments from day 1 to day 35. Birds fed dietary treatment E-75-ALA and E-50-ALA had higher villus height than those fed the other dietary treatments at day 21. Dietary treatments E-75-ALA and E-50-ALA reduced thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) in drumsticks compared with other dietary treatments, but only treatment E-75-ALA decreased TBARS in breast meat at day 35. Liquid form of antioxidant compounds such as E-75-ALA can improve growth performance, histology of terminal ileum, and meat quality traits in broiler chickens under moderate tropical condition for 35 days.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth performance, intestinal morphology, and meat quality in relation to alpha-lipoic acid associated with vitamin C and E in broiler chickens under tropical conditions

Yoo

Koo

et al. 2016

R. Bras. Zootec.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, acetate-free extracts obtained by acid hydrolysis of liver and yeast also strongly stimulated growth. Extraction into organic solvents concentrated the stimulatory activity, and these preparations were called the acetate replacement factor (1)(2)(3)(4)(5). The most straightforward interpretation was that the factor somehow allowed these bacteria to make their own acetate.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assembly of Lipoic Acid on Its Cognate Enzymes: an Extraordinary and Essential Biosynthetic Pathway

Cronan

2016

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

128

137

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYAlthough the structure of lipoic acid and its role in bacterial metabolism were clear over 50 years ago, it is only in the past decade that the pathways of biosynthesis of this universally conserved cofactor have become understood. Unlike most cofactors, lipoic acid must be covalently bound to its cognate enzyme proteins (the 2-oxoacid dehydrogenases and the glycine cleavage system) in order to function in central metabolism. Indeed, the cofactor is assembled on its cognate proteins rather than being assembled and subsequently attached as in the typical pathway, like that of biotin attachment. The first lipoate biosynthetic pathway determined was that ofEscherichia coli, which utilizes two enzymes to form the active lipoylated protein from a fatty acid biosynthetic intermediate. Recently, a more complex pathway requiring four proteins was discovered inBacillus subtilis, which is probably an evolutionary relic. This pathway requires the H protein of the glycine cleavage system of single-carbon metabolism to form active (lipoyl) 2-oxoacid dehydrogenases. The bacterial pathways inform the lipoate pathways of eukaryotic organisms. Plants use theE. colipathway, whereas mammals and fungi probably use theB. subtilispathway. The lipoate metabolism enzymes (except those of sulfur insertion) are members of PFAM family PF03099 (the cofactor transferase family). Although these enzymes share some sequence similarity, they catalyze three markedly distinct enzyme reactions, making the usual assignment of function based on alignments prone to frequent mistaken annotations. This state of affairs has possibly clouded the interpretation of one of the disorders of human lipoate metabolism.

show abstract

“…Its antioxidant properties were first discovered in the 1950s [1] and later confirmed by subsequent studies. [3][4][5][6] Its strong reduction and low oxidation-reduction potential (−0.29 V) have made it the subject of many studies from various fields of medicine.…”

Section: World Journal Of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Sjif Imentioning

confidence: 80%

“…[1] Currently, antioxidants are used in order to reduce the production of ROS in cells and limit their harmful effects. One such effective antioxidant is Alpha lipoic acid (ALA).…”

Section: World Journal Of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Sjif Imentioning

confidence: 99%

The Protective Role of Alpha Lipoic Acid on Organ Damages Induced by Oxidative Stress

Sharmilabanu¹

2017

WJPPS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Oxidative stress is known to play an important role and is considered to be the primary cause in the development of various disease conditions like cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes mellitus, neurodegenerative diseases, inflammatory diseases as well as aging process in humans. Oxidative stress increases in the condition when there is an imbalance between the ROS (reactive oxygen species) production and anti-oxidant defense. Anti-oxidants may help in lowering the incidence of pathologies and protect the body from harmful alterations. Nowadays, numerous synthetic anti-oxidant supplements are also found in the market. Alpha lipoic acid (ALA) which is an natural antioxidant believed to have beneficial effect on oxidative stress parameters and meet all the criteria for an ideal anti-oxidant. The therapeutic action of ALA is based on its anti-oxidant properties. Current studies also support its use in the treatment of various diseases associated with oxidative stress. This review was undertaken to gather the most recent information regarding the protective role of ALA in organ damages induced by oxidative stress.

show abstract

The Chemistry and Function of Lipoic Acid

Cited by 35 publications

References 86 publications

Growth performance, intestinal morphology, and meat quality in relation to alpha-lipoic acid associated with vitamin C and E in broiler chickens under tropical conditions

Growth performance, intestinal morphology, and meat quality in relation to alpha-lipoic acid associated with vitamin C and E in broiler chickens under tropical conditions

Assembly of Lipoic Acid on Its Cognate Enzymes: an Extraordinary and Essential Biosynthetic Pathway

The Protective Role of Alpha Lipoic Acid on Organ Damages Induced by Oxidative Stress

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About