The Chemistry of the Hydantoins.

Background

“…The B€ ucherer-Bergs synthesis (Ware 1950) of ▶ hydantoins is carried out by reacting cyanohydrins (the addition products of cyanide anion to aldehydes or ketones) with ammonium carbonate (or CO 2 and NH 3 ). Its mechanism, closely related to the ▶ Strecker synthesis, B€ ucherer-Bergs Synthesis, Fig.…”

Use of 2-(1-(4-Bromophenyl) Ethylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamide and 2-(5-Chloro-2-Oxoindolin-3-Ylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamide in the Syntheses of 2-Thiohydantoin, Pyrimidine Derivatives: Evaluation of Their Antimicrobial Activities.

“…[1][2][3][4][5]. Thiohydantoins find important applications as medicinal (anticonvulsant drugs in the treatment of epilepsy [6,7], antiarrhythmic [8,9], antitumor [10] and anticancer [11] drugs), as agrochemicals (bactericides and ISSN: 2320-5407 Int.…”

“…Structure of 11 was elucidated on the basis of elemental analysis and spectral data, where, infrared spectrum of 11 showed bands at 3433 cm Antimicrobial activity:-The synthesized compounds in the investigation were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity [26,27]. The exanimated data are summarized in 3 on thiohydantoin ring increases the activity as in compounds 8a,b. Cyclization of 7b to indol ring enhanced the reactivity as in compound 9, where it is the most active compound against all the tested microorganisms.…”

Solvent-free highly regioselective Michael addition of phenytoin to α,β-unsaturated esters in the presence of TBAB under ultrasound irradiation

“…6 Phenytoin 1 (5,5-diphenylhydantoin, DPH) is one of the best known derivatives of hydantoin. This heterocycle is a useful pharmacological compound and extensively used as an anticonvulsant agent, 7 treatment of epileptic seizures, 8,9 epidermolysis bullosa, 10 inflammatory conditions, case of anticonvulsant activity of DPH, it has been established that the site of the action of this compound is the neuronal voltage-sensitive sodium channel, though no more information about the location and nature of this site has been reported. 14,15 In contrast to the many examples of the Michael addition amines on different unsaturated systems, there are only a few reports on the amides and imides Michael reaction (due to the low reactivity of them) with these systems.…”