The Chinese Visible Human (CVH) datasets incorporate technical and imaging advances on earlier digital humans

Zhang, Shaoxiang; Heng, Pheng‐Ann; Liu, Zheng-Jin; Tan, Liwen; Qiu, Mingguo; Li, Qiyu; Liao, Rongxia; Li, Kai; Cui, Gaoyu; Guo, Yanli; Yang, Xiaoping; Liu, Guang-Jiu; Shan, Jinglu; Liu, Jijun; Zhang, Weiguo; Chen, Xianhong; Chen, Jinhua; Wang, Jian; Chen, Wei; Lu, Ming; You, Jian Wei; Pang, Xin; Hong, Xiaobin; Xie, Yongming; Cheng, Jack C. Y.

doi:10.1111/j.0021-8782.2004.00274.x

Cited by 131 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…However, because of the limitation of the cryomacrotome size, the cadavers had to be divided into four parts using a saw; this caused tissue loss (Spitzer et al, 1996). In the Visible Korean and Chinese Visible Human projects, the cadavers were laid to be embedded and sectioned (Zhang et al, 2004a;Park et al, 2005a). The sectioned surfaces of the laid cadavers could be divided into superior and inferior areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This technique was modified by Korean investigators to prepare data of the Visible Korean project in 2002 (Park et al, 2005a(Park et al, , 2006. Subsequently, in 2003, the methodology was applied by separate groups of Chinese researchers to launch the Chinese Visible Human project (Zhang et al, 2004a(Zhang et al, , 2006 and the Virtual Chinese Human (VCH) Yuan et al, 2003Yuan et al, , 2008 (Table 1). For the VCH, several unique techniques with new equipment were used to address the limitations of previous projects: the whole cadaver was frozen, embedded, and sectioned in the upright posture to acquire high-quality sectioned surfaces with the natural body contour.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advanced features of whole body sectioned images: Virtual Chinese Human

et al. 2010

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Serially sectioned images of whole cadavers have become available through the work of four projects: the Visible Human Project, the Visible Korean, the Chinese Visible Human, and the Virtual Chinese Human (VCH). For the VCH, new techniques and equipment were developed and applied to two female and two male cadavers to overcome some of the limitations noted in previous studies. In this article on the VCH, the procedures described are those used on a male cadaver. The cadaver was young with little to no pathology; there were no flat back artifacts because the cadaver was frozen and embedded in the upright position. Sectioned images (intervals, 0.2 mm) were of exceptional quality and resolution (0.1 mm-sized pixels). Several specific structures were outlined (intervals, 0.6 mm) to acquire segmented images, from which surface models were constructed. The VCH data are to be distributed worldwide and are expected to encourage other investigators to produce useful three-dimensional images and develop interactive simulation programs for clinical practice. Clin. Anat. 23:523-529, 2010. V V C 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced features of whole body sectioned images: Virtual Chinese Human

et al. 2010

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“…In recent years, we have seen the development of numerous systems that provide digital anatomic resources to enhance the teaching of, and learning about, human anatomy, such as the Visible Human (VH) project [3][4][5], Chinese Visible Human (CVH) [6,7] and Visible Korean (VK) [8]. Segmentation methods are important for identifying meaningful regions in these digital resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Segmentation for High-Resolution Image Datasets Using a Commercial Editing Tool in the IoT Environment

Kwon¹,

Shin²

2017

J Inf Process Syst

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A variety of medical service applications in the field of the Internet of Things (IoT) are being studied. Segmentation is important to identify meaningful regions in images and is also required in 3D images. Previous methods have been based on gray value and shape. The Visible Korean dataset consists of serially sectioned high-resolution color images. Unlike computed tomography or magnetic resonance images, automatic segmentation of color images is difficult because detecting an object's boundaries in colored images is very difficult compared to grayscale images. Therefore, skilled anatomists usually segment color images manually or semi-automatically. We present an out-of-core 3D segmentation method for large-scale image datasets. Our method can segment significant regions in the coronal and sagittal planes, as well as the axial plane, to produce a 3D image. Our system verifies the result interactively with a multi-planar reconstruction view and a 3D view. Our system can be used to train unskilled anatomists and medical students. It is also possible for a skilled anatomist to segment an image remotely since it is difficult to transfer such large amounts of data.

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“…The head models included a layered head model, an arti¯cial layered head model with slots mimicking sulci, a three-dimensional (3D) MRI-based head model, and the VCH head model 18,20 whose¯delity is signi¯cantly higher than MRI-based models. [17][18][19][20] The¯rst three models were originated from the previous reports. The spatial sensitivity pro¯les in the previous three head models were initially compared with previous studies to validate simulation results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of head model on Monte Carlo modeling of spatial sensitivity distribution for functional near-infrared spectroscopy

Li¹,

Li²,

Sun³

et al. 2015

J. Innov. Opt. Health Sci.

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Modeling Light propagation within human head to deduce spatial sensitivity distribution (SSD) is important for Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)/imaging (NIRI) and di®use correlation tomography. Lots of head models have been used on this issue, including layered head model, arti¯cial simpli¯ed head model, MRI slices described head model, and visible human head model. Hereinto, visible Chinese human (VCH) head model is considered to be a most faithful presentation of anatomical structure, and has been highlighted to be employed in modeling light propagation. However, it is not practical for all researchers to use VCH head models and actually increasing number of people are using magnet resonance imaging (MRI) head models. Here, all the above head models were simulated and compared, and we focused on the e®ect of using di®erent head models on predictions of SSD. Our results were in line with the previous reports on the e®ect of cerebral cortex folding geometry. Moreover, the in°uence on SSD increases with thē delity of head models. And surprisingly, the SSD percentages in scalp and gray matter (region of interest) in MRI head model were found to be 80% and 125% higher than in VCH head model. MRI head models induced nonignorable discrepancy in SSD estimation when compared with VCH head model. This study, as we believe, is the¯rst to focus on comparison among full serials of head model on estimating SSD, and provided quantitative evidence for MRI head model users to calibrate their SSD estimation.

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The Chinese Visible Human (CVH) datasets incorporate technical and imaging advances on earlier digital humans

Cited by 131 publications

References 5 publications

Advanced features of whole body sectioned images: Virtual Chinese Human

Advanced features of whole body sectioned images: Virtual Chinese Human

3D Segmentation for High-Resolution Image Datasets Using a Commercial Editing Tool in the IoT Environment

Effect of head model on Monte Carlo modeling of spatial sensitivity distribution for functional near-infrared spectroscopy

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