The Circulating Fatty Acid Transporter Soluble CD36 Is Not Associated with Carotid Atherosclerosis in Subjects with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the association of fatty acid transporter plasma soluble cluster of differentiation 36 (sCD36) with subclinical carotid atherosclerosis (SCA). A cross-sectional study was conducted in 1023 subjects, 225 with type 1 diabetes (T1D), 276 with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and 522 who were nondiabetic. Carotid atherosclerotic plaque (CAP) presence was determined using B-mode carotid ultrasound imaging. sCD36 were analysed by ELISA, and CD36 surface receptor and mRNA expression were measured by flow cytometry and real-time PCR. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate sCD36 as a biomarker of SCA. Up to 376 (36.75%) participants had at least one CAP, 76 T1D, 164 T2D and 136 without diabetes, while the remaining 647 (63.25%) did not have any CAP. There were no differences in sCD36 between patients with and without CAP in T1D (p = 0.287) or T2D (p = 0.513). Although nondiabetic subjects with plaques had lower sCD36 levels than those without (p = 0.023), the multivariate models revealed no association of sCD36 with CAP in any of the three study groups. No differences were found in surface CD36 or CD36 mRNA expression between the patients with and without CAP. sCD36 is not associated with SCA in type 1 or type 2 diabetic or in nondiabetic subjects.

Circulating CD5L is associated with cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in individuals with chronic kidney disease

“…CD36 expression levels are higher in CKD subjects with diabetic nephropathy and kidney damage [ 38 ] and are closely associated with CV risk factors such as hyperlipidemia and diabetes [ 12 ]. According to previous findings from our group, this role is not reflected by the circulating form of the protein (i.e., sCD36), as we previously reported similar plasma concentrations in individuals with or without diabetes [ 15 ] as well as in diabetic and nondiabetic individuals with subclinical carotid atherosclerosis [ 39 ].…”

The association of soluble cluster of differentiation 36 with metabolic diseases: A potential biomarker and therapeutic target

“…Nonetheless, the cord blood pentraxin‐3 and respective sCD36 concentrations in the macrosomic group were positively correlated, indicating an inflammatory pathway, linking extreme fetal growth with the predisposition to metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular pathology later in life 81 . A multivariate model showed that sCD36 was not correlated with subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in the three study groups of T1DM, T2DM, and non‐diabetes patients 82 . In 2021, Mauricio et al.…”

“…81 A multivariate model showed that sCD36 was not correlated with subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in the three study groups of T1DM, T2DM, and non-diabetes patients. 82 In 2021, Mauricio et al evaluated the relationship between circulating CD5 molecule-like or sCD36 and the risk of cardiovascular events in chronic kidney disease. They showed that sCD36 was not associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes or mortality.…”

Scavenger Receptors as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Cardiovascular Disease

“…Baseline serum levels of soluble CD36 (sCD36) have been shown in three recent cohort studies to have no association with the development of CAD in healthy subjects or plaque burden in known CAD patients [ 70 , 71 ]. Baseline levels of sCD36 were also found to not be associated with carotid atherosclerosis in a recently performed cross-sectional study [ 72 ]. In contrast, a recent case control study of patients with CAD found an association between increased sLOX-1 levels and burden of CAD, compared with healthy controls [ 73 ].…”