The classification of sexual offenders

Грубин, Дон; Kennedy, Hansi

doi:10.1002/cbm.1991.1.2.123

Cited by 29 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…However, even within groups of men who molest girls, there is a considerable diversity (Barbaree & Marshall, 1989;Bickley & Beech, 2001;Michaud & Proulx, 2009). In addition, it has been demonstrated that child molesters who target boys are more likely to seek out victims who are unknown to them, and these offenders appear to be at greater risk to reoffend than are those who molest girls (Grubin & Kennedy, 1991;Hanson, Steffy, & Gauthier, 1993). Since there are studies that have failed to discern differences in reoffense rates based on victim gender (Barbaree & Marshall, 1988;Prentky, Knight, & Lee, 1997), it appears that classifying child molesters by victim gender does not consistently differentiate groups.…”

Section: Prior and Current Categoriesmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Phallometric studies have consistently shown differences on numerous measures depending upon the offender's choice of victim gender (Abel, Becker, Murphy, & Flanagan, 1981;Grubin & Kennedy, 1991;Prentky, 1999;Seto, 2008). In these studies, men who molest girls and men who molest boys respond to the gender of the child in a way that matches their preference for the gender of adults.…”

Section: Prior and Current Categoriesmentioning

confidence: 94%

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A critique of current child molester subcategories: a proposal for an alternative approach

Marshall

Smallbone

Marshall

2014

Psychology, Crime & Law

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Section: Prior and Current Categoriesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Prior and Current Categoriesmentioning

confidence: 94%

A critique of current child molester subcategories: a proposal for an alternative approach

Marshall

Smallbone

Marshall

2014

Psychology, Crime & Law

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“…Research across a range of sex offenders has consistently demonstrated evidence of a negative linear correlation between the age of the victim and the age of the offender (Gebhard et al, 1965;Grubin & Kennedy, 1991;Harry, Pierson, & Kuznetsov, 1993;Kuznetsov, Pierson, & Harry, 1992). Accordingly, researchers have found stable victim age preference in the majority of serial sexual offenders (Christie, Marshall, & Lanthier, 1979;Guay, Proulx, Cusson, & Ouimet, 2001;Henn, Herjanic, & Vanderpearl, 1976).…”

Section: Victim-offender Age Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Further, Gebhard et al found that violent sexual aggressors who attacked children and adolescents were less discriminate in victim age choice than violent aggressors of adult women. Likewise, Grubin and Kennedy (1991) found that 75% of violent sexual aggressors attacked victims of any age. They found that offenders against adult women were often more violent and younger than offenders against children, but still heterogeneous in victim selection overall.…”

Section: Sexual Offender Aggressionmentioning

confidence: 97%

When is profiling possible? Offense planning and aggression as moderators in predicting offender age from victim age in stranger rape

Goodwill

Alison

2007

Behavioral Sci & The Law

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Debate continues with regard to the possibility of inferring an offender's characteristic features from crime scene details (the process of so-called "offender profiling"). We argue that psychology generally has benefited from appreciating context in predicting behavior. In the same way, profiling would benefit from an appreciation of context in predicting characteristics. This "reverse" process is contingent on various "if...then" relationships. As one example, this paper demonstrates how profiling offender age from victim age is contingent on (i) the level of planning and (ii) the level of aggression displayed during the offense. Eighty-five stranger rape case records formed the data set. Moderated regression analysis revealed that victim age is a significant predictor of offender age only in cases where the offender has (i) shown evidence of planning the attack and/or (ii) acts in a gratuitously aggressive manner. The theoretical bases for these findings may lie in the extent to which offenders disparately plan and target victims and how extreme aggressiveness in stranger rapes may relate to a near-peer proxy for an offender's anger. The implications of the results for the processes and methods involved in offender profiling suggest that certain crime scene factors can have differential moderating effects on predictive outcomes.

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“…Some very valuable clinical studies have been carried out, for instance in relation to sex offenders (Prentky et al 1985, Grubin andKennedy 1991). However, such studies often combine the characteristics of the offender with aspects of their actions in ways that reduce the possibilities for inferring one from the other.…”

Section: Consistency Between Crimes and Non-criminal Actionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Offender profiling and criminal differentiation

Canter

2000

Legal Criminol Psychol

224

193

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Purpose. The psychological hypotheses that form the foundations for 'Offender Profiling' are identified and the research that has tested them is reviewed.Argument. 'Offender profiling' is taken to be the derivation of inferences about a criminal from aspects of the crime(s) s/he has committed. For this process to move beyond deduction based on personal opinion and anecdote to an empirically based science a number of aspects of criminal activity need to be distinguished and examined. The notion of a hierarchy of criminal differentiation is introduced to highlight the need to search for consistencies and variations at many levels of that hierarchy. However, current research indicates that the key distinctions are those that differentiate, within classes of crime, between offences and between offenders,. This also leads to the hypothesis of a circular ordering of criminal actions, analogous to the colour circle, a 'radex'.The radex model, tested using Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) procedures, allows specific hypotheses to be developed about important constituents of criminal differentiation:Salience; MDS analyses reveal the importance of the frequency of criminal actions as the basis on which the significance of those actions can be established. Inference; under limited conditions it is possible to show associations between the characteristics of offenders and the thematic focus of their crimes. Models of DifferentiationIn general these results provide support for models of thematic consistency that link the dominant themes in an offender's crimes to characteristic aspects of his/her lifestyle and offending history. Implications.Much of what passes for 'offender profiling' in practice and as reported in the factual and fictional media has no basis in empirical research. However, there are some promising results emerging in some areas of study. These results are most likely to be of value to police investigations when incorporated into decision support systems and the training of police officers. The results do also provide new insights into the psychology of crime.

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The classification of sexual offenders

Cited by 29 publications

References 3 publications

A critique of current child molester subcategories: a proposal for an alternative approach

A critique of current child molester subcategories: a proposal for an alternative approach

When is profiling possible? Offense planning and aggression as moderators in predicting offender age from victim age in stranger rape

Offender profiling and criminal differentiation

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