The clinical course of lung metastases from breast cancer

Schlappack, O; Baur, Martina; Steger, G.; Dittrich, Christian; Möser, Kurt

doi:10.1007/bf01726581

Cited by 28 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The DFI was 36 months in this study and in that of Friedel et al [7], but varies in other studies between 12 and 48 months [9,15]. Other important factors were the clinical stage of the primary tumour in this study, the number of metastases [16], the biggest size of metastasis in this series [17]. Whether it is true or not, solitary lung metastasis without other remote metastases should be a best candidate, and waiting for several months to ensure a surgical candidate and routine lymph node dissections might have been a factor in our favourable results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Favourable long-term results after surgical removal of lung metastases of breast cancer

Yoshimoto

Tada

Nishimura

et al. 2007

Breast Cancer Res Treat

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We retrospectively evaluated whether a surgical strategy benefits patients with operable lung metastasis of breast cancer. Between 1960 and 2000, 90 patients (mean age 55.1; range 32-77) with lung metastasis (79 solitary, 11 multiple) underwent surgery as follows: wedge resection (n = 10), segmental resection (n = 11), lobectomy (n = 68) and pneumonectomy (n = 1). The metastases were completely resected in 89% of them. One patient died due to surgical complications. The overall 5- and 10-year cumulative overall survival rates were 54% and 40%, respectively (median, 6.3 years). Fifteen patients survived without relapse for over 10 years. They were 24% of those who progressed for 10 years or more after lung surgery. The most significant prognostic factor was disease-free interval (DFI) and stage at breast surgery. The 10-year survival rates of those with >==3 and <3 years of DFI were 47% and 26%, respectively (P = 0.014). Survival times were significantly longer for patients with clinical stage I at breast surgery than those with stage II-IV (P = 0.013). Our data, although limited and highly selective, suggest that surgical approach to lung metastasis from breast cancer may prolong survival in certain subgroups of patients to a greater extent than systemic chemotherapy alone. Surgical approach to lung metastasis of breast cancer, if possible, should be a treatment of choice to a great extent.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Favourable long-term results after surgical removal of lung metastases of breast cancer

Yoshimoto

Tada

Nishimura

et al. 2007

Breast Cancer Res Treat

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“…Between 60 and 70% of women who die from breast cancer have lung metastases. In 21% of cases, lung is the only site of metastasis [9,10]. Liver metastases develop in approximately 50% of women with metastatic breast cancer, and are typically associated with metastases at other sites, indicating advanced disease and poor prognosis [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agonists and antagonists of GnRH-I and -II reduce metastasis formation by triple-negative human breast cancer cells in vivo

Schubert

Hawighorst

Emons

et al. 2011

Breast Cancer Res Treat

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Metastasis to bone is a frequent problem of advanced breast cancer. Particularly breast cancers, which do not express estrogen and progesterone receptors and which have no overexpression/amplification of the HER2-neu gene, so called triple-negative breast cancers, are considered as very aggressive and possess a bad prognosis. About 60% of all human breast cancers and about 74% of triple-negative breast cancers express receptors for gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which might be used as a therapeutic target. Recently, we could show that bone-directed invasion of human breast cancer cells in vitro is time- and dose-dependently reduced by GnRH analogs. In the present study, we have analyzed whether GnRH analogs are able to reduce metastases of triple-negative breast cancers in vivo. In addition, we have evaluated the effects of GnRH analogs on tumor growth. To quantify formation of metastasis by triple-negative MDA-MB-435 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancers, we used a real-time PCR method based on detection of human-specific alu sequences measuring accurately the amount of human tumor DNA in athymic mouse organs. To analyze tumor growth, the volumes of breast cancer xenotransplants into nude mice were measured. We could demonstrate that GnRH analogs significantly reduced metastasis formation by triple-negative breast cancer in vivo. In addition, we could show that GnRH analogs significantly inhibited the growth of breast cancer into nude mice. Side effects were not detectable. In conclusion, GnRH analogs seem to be suitable drugs for an efficacious therapy for triple-negative, GnRH receptor-positive human breast cancers to prevent metastasis formation.

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“…In experimental metastasis models, pre-metastatic events, including bone marrow-derived cell (BMDC) mobilization and the activation of inflammatory pathways, have been found to affect the entire lung78910111213141516. Although all pulmonary vessels seem to be exposed to these factors, spontaneous metastases often present an oligometastatic or solitary pattern in humans and mice1718. In fact, we demonstrated that the above-mentioned vascular hyperpermeability regions contribute to subsequent tumour cell homing in lung vessels19 and hypothesized that these regions are established through the induction of endothelial cell-dependent permeability via the upregulation of growth factor or chemokine receptors.…”

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confidence: 99%

Primary tumours modulate innate immune signalling to create pre-metastatic vascular hyperpermeability foci

et al. 2013

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In mouse models of lung metastasis, before the appearance of significant metastases, localized changes in vascular permeability have been observed, which appear to set the stage for tumour growth. However, it is unclear whether this is also true in human patients. Here, we show that MD-2, a coreceptor for Toll-like receptor 4 that has a key role in the innate immune response, triggers the formation of regions of hyperpermeability in mice by upregulating C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2) expression. The CCR2–CCL2 system induces the abundant secretion of permeability factors such as serum amyloid A3 and S100A8. Disruption of MD-2 or CCR2 abrogates the formation of hyperpermeable regions, resulting in reduced tumour cell homing. Furthermore, fibrinogen, which is processed during permeability-mediated coagulation, is also localized in areas of elevated CCR2 expression in tumour-bearing human lungs. Our findings raise the possibility that CCR2 upregulation might represent a marker for regions of increased susceptibility to metastatic homing in lung cancer.

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The clinical course of lung metastases from breast cancer

Cited by 28 publications

References 10 publications

Favourable long-term results after surgical removal of lung metastases of breast cancer

Favourable long-term results after surgical removal of lung metastases of breast cancer

Agonists and antagonists of GnRH-I and -II reduce metastasis formation by triple-negative human breast cancer cells in vivo

Primary tumours modulate innate immune signalling to create pre-metastatic vascular hyperpermeability foci

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