The Clinical Relevance of Various Hypersensitivity Tests in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis as Assessed by Their History, SCORAD Changes, and Number of Days with Need of Anti-Inflammatory Treatment

Abstract

Immediate and delayed hypersensitivity reactions can play a role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD). We tested 71 patients (median age 5 years) with AD for hypersensitivity to grass and birch pollen, , and using atopy patch test (APT), skin prick test (SPT), and specific IgE measurement. The sensitivity (SE) and specificity (SP) of the tests were calculated on the basis of personal history of AD exacerbation, clinical AD score (SCORAD) changes, and the number of days with need for topical anti-inflammatory treatment (AITD) in relation to exposure to the allergens being tested. APT was positive in 45 patients, mostly to (=37). SPT and/or specific IgE were positive in 42 subjects, in most cases to grass and birch pollen (=29). SE of APT reached 33%-56% for history, 33% for SCORAD, and 0%-60% for AITD; SP of APT was comparable for all three assessment standards (history, SCORAD, and AITD) (48%-67%). SE of SPT/specific IgE was higher for history (26%-63%) than for the other two standards of assessment (0%-67%); SP of SPT/specific IgE was also highest for history (69%-91%), and lower for SCORAD (59%-87%) and AITD (65%-80%). AD is often associated with hypersensitivity; its influence on AD, however, is clinically significant only in a minor group of patients. While personal history and SCORAD changes present themselves as possible standards in the evaluation of clinically relevant hypersensitivity in AD patients, the anti-inflammatory treatment days (AITD) appears to be unsuitable for this purpose.

Cheungsam Seed Husk Extract Reduces Skin Inflammation through Regulation of Inflammatory Mediator in TNF-α/IFN-γ-Induced HaCaT Cells

“…Immunologically, AD is a hypersensitivity reaction and is associated with T cells. Cytokines/chemokines released from immune cells affect the development of AD [ 16 ]. AD is characterized by a Th1/Th2 imbalance and Th2-dominant immune response during the acute phase [ 17 ].…”