The clinical significance and prognostic value of Xenopus kinesin‐like protein 2 expressions in human tumors: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Abstract

Targeting protein for Xenopus kinesin‐like protein 2 (TPX2) is a microtubule‐associated protein that plays a pivotal part in the formation of spindles. There is accumulating evidence that the expression of TPX2 is upregulated in many kinds of human cancers and that this protein is involved in the occurrence and progression of tumors. The purpose of this meta‐analysis was to investigate the relationship between the overexpression of TPX2 and poor prognosis in cancer patients. A total of 18 eligible studies encompassing 3115 patients were included by searching relevant databases. Hazard ratios (HRs) or odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled under random‐/fixed‐effect models. After calculation, the results showed that patients with increased TPX2 expression had a significantly shorter overall survival (HR = 2.21; 95% CI: 1.70–2.86), and disease‐free survival (HR = 2.10; 95% CI: 1.67–2.64). In addition, it was found that increased TPX2 expression was significantly associated with TNM stage (OR = 2.17; 95% CI:1.42–3.32), lymph node metastasis (OR = 2.98; 95% CI: 2.28–3.89), distant metastasis (OR = 2.25; 95% CI:1.03–4.92), and vascular invasion (OR = 2.22; 95% CI:1.26–3.91). Nevertheless, there was no significant correlation between increased expression of TPX2 and either gender, tumor differentiation, or tumor size. Thus, we can come to the conclusion that the overexpression of TPX2 is related to poor clinical outcomes and can be used as a biomarker for the prognosis of patients with cancer.

Prognostic significance of TOP2A in non-small cell lung cancer revealed by bioinformatic analysis

“…TPX2, locates at 20q11.21, is one of the main spindle assembly factors that play a key role in inducing microtubule assembly and growth during M phase of mitosis [49–51]. Previous studies reported that TPX2 mRNA expression during cell cycle progression is high in G2/M phase, decreases dramatically upon G1 phase entry, increases upon entry into S phase, and peaks again at the next G2/M phase [52–56].…”

“…Due to its important role in microtubule assembly and mitosis, TPX2 has been found to be over expressed in various human cancers, for instance clear renal cell carcinoma [58], esophageal carcinoma [59], hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) [52, 60], gastric cancer [61], bladder carcinoma [62] and so on. TPX2 expression has been shown to be positively correlated with poor prognosis, metastasis, and recurrence [49, 63].…”

Cellular heterogeneity landscape in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma

“…The high expression of TPX2 induces the amplification of centrosomes and leads to DNA polyploidy 32 . Increasing evidences show that upregulated TPX2 expression is associated with more aggressive cancer cells, promoting cancer development and metastasis 33 . Elevated expression of CKS1B has been associated with cell proliferation and poor prognosis in numerous tumor types, including oral, gastric, breast and colon carcinoma 34 .…”

Identification of Novel Hub Genes Through Expression Profiles Analysis in Adrenocortical Carcinoma

“…TPX2 gene encodes a microtubule-associated protein, which serves a vital role in mitotic spindle formation and chromosome segregation process [24,25]. The overexpression of TPX2 has been reported in many studies and related to poor clinical outcomes of multiple malignancies, such as lung cancer, thyroid carcinoma, clear cell renal carcinoma, gastrointestinal cancer, and hepatocellular cancer, implying the possibility that TPX2 can be used as a prognostic marker and potential therapeutic target in these tumors [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. Furthermore, TPX2 was reported to be involved in the invasion of tumor cells by the elevation of MMP2 and MMP9 through AKT signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma [35,36].…”