The Cliometric Study of Innovations

Streb, Jochen

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-00181-0_18

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…We match our city dataset with 1,740 valuable patents granted in Prussia in the period 1877-1890. Patents, although not the optimal measure for technological creativity, is the best proxy for innovation which is available in historical context (Streb, 2016). In our case patents are a good proxy for technological creativity as Prussia was at the technological frontier in sectors, such as chemistry and electrical engineering, where scientific knowledge was crucial and secrecy (an alternative to patenting) was less effective.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Religious Tolerance as Engine of Innovation

Cinnirella

Streb

2018

SSRN Journal

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Religious Tolerance as Engine of Innovation

Cinnirella

Streb

2018

SSRN Journal

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“…Using the number of patents as an indicator for innovative activity can therefore lead to a large measurement error. 4 One way to distinguish patents with a high value from those with a low value is to use a patent's lifespan as an indicator for its profitability (Schankerman and Pakes, 1986; for other methods to identify valuable patents see Streb (2016)). The caveat is that this method works only for patent systems with periodical renewal fees.…”

Section: Valuable Patentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Streb et al (2006) explain in great detail why they decided to choose the cut-off point of ten years to distinguish patents with a low economic value from those with a high economic one. 6 For the patent data, see Streb et al (2006), Streb et al (2007), Labuske and Streb (2008), Degner (2009), Richter andStreb (2011), Lehmann-Hasemeyer andStreb (2016). For the Prussian county level data see Becker et al (2014).…”

Section: Valuable Patentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of human capital and innovation in economic development: evidence from post-Malthusian Prussia

2017

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The effect of human capital on growth involves multiple channels. On the one hand, an increase in human capital directly affects economic growth by enhancing labor productivity in production. On the other hand, human capital is an important input into R&D and therefore increases labor productivity indirectly by accelerating technological change. In addition, different types of human capital such as basic and higher education or training-on-the-job might play different roles in both production and innovation activities. We merge individual data on valuable patents granted in Prussia in the late nineteenth-century with county-level data on literacy, craftsmanship, secondary schooling, and income tax revenues to explore the complex relationship between various types of human capital, innovation, and income. We find that the Second Industrial Revolution can be seen as a transition period when it comes to the role of human capital. As in the preceding First Industrial Revolution, "useful knowledge" embodied in master craftsmen was related to innovation, especially of independent inventors. As in the subsequent 20 th century, the quality of basic education was associated with both workers' productivity and firms' R&D processes. In a final step, we show that literacy had also a negative effect on fertility which increased with innovation. In general, our findings support the notion that the accumulation of basic human capital was crucial for the transition to modern economic growth.

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“…Cliometricians may use the frequency of patenting as a measure of innovation (Streb 2016), of the creative powers of industry and entrepreneurialism. Yet much evidence exists that patents more often than not fail to reach the point of application (in the field of biotechnology, for example, the consulting firm Ernst & Young estimates that less than 10% of the patents reach the market; ).…”

Section: Patents and Their (Un)realized Futuresmentioning

confidence: 99%