The Co-liquefaction of Elbistan Lignite and Biomass. Part II: The Characterization of Liquefaction Products

Karaca, Hüseyın; Koyunoğlu, Cemil

doi:10.1080/15567030902725548

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…It is a well known fact that the coals that contain a minimum of 32% volatiles and 8% oxygen (dry basis) give a good yield of gas when converting from coal to gas. The synthetic raw gas may further be converted to substitute of natural gas (SNG) after purification or as a feed to synthesis of chemicals or liquid fuel (Tsai, 1982;Karaca and Koyunoglu, 2010). All samples of Thar coal have more than the required amount of both entities showing its suitability for gasification process.…”

Section: Thermogravimetric Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Physicochemical Characterization of a Newly Explored Thar Coal Resource

Sarwar

Khan

Azhar

2014

Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmenta

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The samples of Thar coalfield were characterized using a thermogravimetric analyzer, atomic absorption spectrophotometer, X-ray diffractometer, Fourier transform infrared spectra, and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis. The samples were ranked as lignite and subbituminous according to American Society for Testing and Materials standard classification. Differential thermogravimetric analysis results specified chemical reactivity of coal at the primary devolatilization region (257-412 ı C) and secondary devolatilization region (741-900 ı C). The minerals identified were quartz, kaolinite, dikite, halloysite, gold copper indium, graphite hydrogen nitrate, and magnesium vanadium molybdenum oxide. X-ray diffraction study confirmed the presence of mineral constituents as indicated by microscopic investigation. Fourier transform infrared spectra identified CDC aromatic groups at 1,500-1,700 cm 1 as maturity indicator and 2,800-3,000 cm 1 and 2,300 cm 1 as aliphatic stretching regions. The peaks of quartz and kaolinite were observed at 900-1,100 cm 1 . Strong correlations between mineral matter-SiO 2 .r 2 D 0:808/ and Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 .r 2 D 0:957/ indicates Al and Si as the dominant inorganic components. Cluster analysis appeared as an additional tool for coal ranking based on their physicochemical properties.

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Section: Thermogravimetric Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Physicochemical Characterization of a Newly Explored Thar Coal Resource

Sarwar

Khan

Azhar

2014

Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmenta

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“…According to GC-MS analysis, chemical compounds of oils are given in Table 5. As it is seen from Table 5, the main compounds of the oil were determined as saturated n-alkenes, isoprenoids, branched alkenes, n-alkyl cyclohexane, terpene and other aromatic structures, like the literature data [12,[21][22][23][24].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The material extracted from coal may be separated into various fractions according to its solubility in a particular solvent (such as hexane, toluene, THF). It was decided to use the classification of oils (soluble in hexane), asphaltenes (soluble in toluene) and preasphaltenes (insoluble in toluene) for this study [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on the Investigation of Improvement in Coal Liquefaction Product Efficiency

Korkmaz

Bentli

2019

Eskişehir Technical University Journal of Science and Technology a - Applied Sciences and Engineering

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The aim of this study is to improve the yields of Malatya-Arguvan lignite liquefaction products (char, preasphaltene, asphaltene, oil-gas). For this purpose, the liquefaction experiments of coal which was firstly raw and then enriched by spiral have been carried out. The chemical characterizations of the obtained products have been determined by proximate and ultimate analysis. The composition of the oil was identified by GC-MS. As a result of the enrichment, the char yield decreased by 9.28% whereas the preasphaltene yield increased by 5.31% and the oil + gas yield increased by 4.18%. Total conversion increased from 47.57% to 56.85%. It has been concluded that the enrichment process has a positive effect on the liquefaction yields.

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“…It is believed that the free radical mechanism is important in the liquefaction of many low-ranking coals, such as Xiaolongtan lignite [13], Shengli lignite [74,75,81], Kansk-Achinsk lignite [78], Elbistan lignite [79], Mengen lignite [85], Beypazari lignite [86], Longkou [66], and Catalan lignite [72,95]. The initial free-radical intermediates formed during this mechanism are stabilized to form oil, AS, and PA by catalytic processes involving gaseous hydrogen and a hydrogen donor solvent (Fig.…”

Section: Preasphaltenes (Pa) Asphaltenes (As) and Oils As The Mainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study on the different lignite coals including Shengli lignite [15,20,83], Elbistan lignite [79], and Mulah low-ranking coal [101] has been carried out under different conditions. The cyclic products obtained via direct liquefaction can be categorized into mono-, bi-, tri-, and polycylic (Fig.…”

Section: Cyclic Products Via Carbonium Formation Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%