The codeposition of alumina and titania with copper

Chen, E. S.; Lakshminarayanan, G.; Sautter, F. K.

doi:10.1007/bf02664222

Cited by 36 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Both a-alumina (0.3-1.0 mm) and rutile titania (0.3 mm) were readily codeposited with copper in an acid solution, but c-alumina (0.2 mm) and anatase titania were not. Calcining (20 h at 1125 C) promoted the codeposition of c-alumina particles in copper [618]. This effectively transformed the surface of c particles into an a structure, as verified by X-ray studies.…”

Section: Aluminamentioning

confidence: 91%

Electrodeposition of Copper

Dini

Snyder

2010

Modern Electroplating

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Polyethylene oxides, glycols, and amines U.S.5,024,736 6/18/91 Clauss et al. Disubstituted ethane sulfonic compounds U.S.4,990,224 2/5/91 Mahmoud Urea, sodium lauryl sulfate, and tosyl or mesyl sulfonic acid U.S.4,975,159 12/4/90 Dahms Alkoxylated lactam amides U.S.4,954,226 9/4/90 Mahmoud Urea and glycerin U.S.4,948,474 8/14/90 Miljkovic Alkylarylene U.S.4,897,165 1/30/90 Bernards et al. Copper/sulfuric acid ratios U.S.4,781,801 11/1/88 Frisby Polyether surfactants þ sulfurized benzene þ grain refiner U.S.4,673,467 6/16/87 Nee Polyethers þ mercaptoimidazole þ sulfurized benzene U.S.4,555,315 11/26/85 Barbieri et al. Polyethers þ organic divalent sulfur compound þ tertiary alkyl amine with polyepichlorohydrin U.S.4,551,212 11/5/85 Rao et al. Phenazine dyestuffs U.S.4,540,473 11/22/83 Bindra et al. S-containing anions other than SO 4 U.S.4,521,282 7/11/84 Tremmel Sulfamic acid U.S.4,490,220 12/25/84 Houman Nitrogen-carbon-sulfur compound U.S.4,430,173 2/7/84 Boudot et al. Sodium salt of W-sulfo-n-propyl N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate, PEG, and crystal violet U.S.4,376,685 6/24/81 Watson Alkylated polyalkyleneimine U.S.4,347,108 8/31/82 Willis Nitrogen-and sulfur-containing compounds U.S.4,336,114 6/22/82 Mayer et al. Phthalocyanine, tertiary alkyl amine with polyepichloro hydrin, polyethyleneimine U.S.4,334,966 12/2/81 Beach et al. Polyether, mercaptoimidazole, sulfurized benzene U.S.4,310,392 1/12/82 Kohl Phenolphthalein U.S.4,272,335 2/19/80 Combs Substituted phthalocyanine radical U.S.4,242,181 12/30/80 Malak Regular coffee U.S.4,134,803 1/16/79 Eckles et al. Disulfides, sulfonic acids, and aliphatic aldehyde U.S.4,110,176 8/29/78 Creutz et al.

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Section: Aluminamentioning

confidence: 91%

Electrodeposition of Copper

Dini

Snyder

2010

Modern Electroplating

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“…Hoffmann [17] and Sauter [18] confirmed the impossibility of c-Al 2 O 3 deposition from copper sulphate baths. Chen et al reported the feasibility of codeposition of a-Al 2 O 3 and the impossibility of c-Al 2 O 3 incorporation with copper from sulphate baths [19]. Most of the literature available discusses the synthesis and properties of Ni-composite coating containing mostly a-Al 2 O 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Synthesis and characterization of Ni–Al2O3 composite coatings containing different forms of alumina

2010

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Electrodeposited Ni-Al 2 O 3 composite coatings were prepared using alumina powders synthesized from solution combustion method, precipitation method and a commercial source. Solution combustion synthesized alumina powder yielded a-phase; precipitation method yielded purely c-phase; commercial alumina powder was a mixture of a-, d-and c-phases. A nickel sulfamate bath was used for electro-codeposition. The current densities (0.23 A dm -2 for 20 h, 0.77 A dm -2 for 6 h, 1.55 A dm -2 for 3 h and 3.1 A dm -2 for 1.5 h) and bath agitation speeds (100, 200, 600 and 1000 rpm) were varied. The pH variations of the bath were higher during the electrodeposition of combustion synthesized alumina. The effect of different forms of alumina particles on the microhardness and microstructure of the nickel composite coating was studied. Composite coating containing combustion synthesized alumina particles was found to have higher microhardness (550 HK). It was found that at lower agitation speed (100 rpm), bigger particles were incorporated and at higher agitation speed (1000 rpm), smaller particles were incorporated. The area fraction of alumina particles incorporated in nickel matrix was highest for commercial alumina (24%). This study shows that it is not suffice to take just the current density and stirring speeds into account to explain the properties of the coatings but also to take into account the source of particles and their properties.

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“…Another technique to increase the amount of embedded oxide powders is to improve the suspension stability of the particles in the electrolytes by increasing the wettability and decreasing the settling speed of the particles using adequate surfactants (dispersants). An additional advantage of using surfactants is to prevent the fine oxide particles from agglomerating and to attract them electrostatically to the cathode surface [7,8]. Ultrasonic vibration has frequently been used to agitate the electrolytic solutions containing oxide powders physically to make the particles form a uniform dispersion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electro-deposition of oxide-dispersed nickel composites and the behavior of their mechanical properties

Kim

et al. 2009

Met. Mater. Int.

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Oxide-dispersed nickel composites were produced by electro-deposition of nickel with various types of oxide nano-powders in a sulfamate bath. The effect of the oxide concentration in the bath on the mechanical properties of the electro-deposited composites was studied. The current efficiency of the electro-deposition process was analyzed for different types of oxide nano-powders and for in terms of the amounts embedded in the nickel (Ni) matrix. To evaluate the mechanical strength and the thermal stability, micro-hardness, tensile strength and elongation were measured at room temperature for composites that were heat-treated in a temperature range of 298 K to 1123 K. The results of the experiments showed that a higher oxide powder concentration in the bath led to a greater amount of the oxide particle co-deposited in the nickel matrix. This resulted in higher micro-hardness and improved high-temperature thermal stability. However, an inhomogeneous distribution of the co-deposited oxide powders in the composites was observed to weaken the thermal stability of their tensile strength and elongation.

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The codeposition of alumina and titania with copper

Cited by 36 publications

References 3 publications

Electrodeposition of Copper

Electrodeposition of Copper

Synthesis and characterization of Ni–Al2O3 composite coatings containing different forms of alumina

Electro-deposition of oxide-dispersed nickel composites and the behavior of their mechanical properties

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