The collateral fallout of COVID19 lockdown on patients with head injury from north-west India

Karthigeyan, Madhivanan; Dhandapani, Sivashanmugam; Salunke, Pravin; Sahoo, Sushanta K.; Kataria, Mandeep Singh; Singh, Ashutosh; Gendle, Chandrashekhar; Panchal, Chirag; Chhabra, Rajesh; Jain, Kajal; Gupta, Sunil

doi:10.1007/s00701-021-04723-4

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Working from home and school closures resulted in global reductions in road traffic levels, leading to a decrease in TBIs due to RTAs. However, during the latter stages of lockdown, studies from India and the United States show that rates of RTA associated TBIs increased to levels above those experienced before COVID-19 ( 8 , 25 , 26 ). The current study did not find any major change in mechanism of injury, except for electric scooters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Referrals to Early Specialized Rehabilitation after Traumatic Brain Injury during the Covid-19 Pandemic

Tverdal

Brunborg

Helseth

et al. 2022

JRM

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Objective: To quantify potential changes in direct referral to early specialized rehabilitation during the COVID-19 pandemic and the injury pattern of patients hospitalized with traumatic brain injury (TBI) at a level 1 trauma centre.Methods: In this registry-based study, data were retrieved from the Oslo TBI Registry-Neurosurgery and included adult patients with injury-related intracranial findings admitted to Oslo University Hospital (OUH). The study focused on a period of time when OUH was in any level of preparedness because of the COVID-19 pandemic; March 2020 to August 2021. For comparison, the study used patients hospitalized for TBI in 2018 and 2019.Results: A total of 1,310 hospitalized patients with TBI were divided into 2 groups; pre-pandemic and pandemic. Direct referral to early rehabilitation was maintained. Patient volume remained stable, and there were no differences between the groups regarding patient characteristics and acute management, although there was a significantly higher proportion of TBIs secondary to electric scooter accidents in the pandemic group. Results from univariable and multivariable logistic regression showed a multifaceted reality, but younger age, none or mild preinjury comorbidity and severe disability due to TBI at discharge from acute care remained stable strong predictors of direct referral to rehabilitation.Conclusion: For patients with moderate-severe TBI, the direct pathway to early specialized rehabilitation was maintained during 2020–21. However, the pandemic continued and the long-term impact for rehabilitation services is not yet known.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Referrals to Early Specialized Rehabilitation after Traumatic Brain Injury during the Covid-19 Pandemic

Tverdal

Brunborg

Helseth

et al. 2022

JRM

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“…Outside of SSA, a trauma center in India published comparable findings to ours among patients with a head injury. They found that while patient volume decreased significantly during the pandemic, severe head injury mortality was significantly higher at 59% compared to 47% ( p = 0.02) pre-pandemic [ 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reallocation of Hospital Resources During COVID‐19 Pandemic and Effect on Trauma Outcomes in a Resource‐Limited Setting

et al. 2022

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Background The COVID-19 pandemic has caused unprecedented disruptions to surgical care worldwide, particularly in low-resource countries. We sought to characterize the association between pre-and intra-pandemic trauma clinical outcomes at a busy tertiary hospital in Malawi. Methods We analyzed trauma patients that presented to Kamuzu Central Hospital in Lilongwe, Malawi, from 2011 through July 2021. Burn patients were excluded. We compared patients based on whether they presented before or during the pandemic (defined as starting March 11, 2020, the date of the official WHO designation). We used logistic regression modeling to estimate the adjusted odds ratio of death based on presentation. Results A total of 137,867 patients presented during the study period, with 13,526 patients during the pandemic. During the pandemic, patients were more likely to be older (mean 28 vs. 25 years, p < 0.001), male (79 vs. 74%, p < 0.001), and suffer a traumatic brain injury (TBI) as their primary injury (9.7 vs. 4.9%, p < 0.001). Crude trauma-associated mortality was higher during the pandemic at 3.7% vs. 2.1% ( p < 0.001). The odds ratio of mortality during the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic presentation was 1.28 (95% CI 1.06, 1.53) adjusted for age, sex, initial AVPU score, transfer status, injury type, and mechanism. Conclusions During the pandemic, adjusted trauma-associated mortality significantly increased at a tertiary trauma center in a low-resource setting despite decreasing patient volume. Further research is urgently needed to prepare for future pandemics. Potential targets for improvement include improving pre-hospital care and transportation, planning for intensive care utilization, and addressing nursing shortages.

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“…By these brutalities, the dignity of the human person and natural and legal rights of the victims were abridged. These have severe implications for the overall well-being of citizens as there is evidence in literature linking overregulation of the masses during the lockdown to physical, mental and psychological problems (Sahni et al, 2021;Karthigeyan et al, 2021;Ghosal et al, 2020).…”

Section: 11mentioning

confidence: 99%

Of COVID-19 Transmission Control

Oladejo

Jack

2022

Comp. Sociol.

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At the onset of the COVID-19 epidemic, world leaders introduced face masking and tactical urbanism aimed at reducing physical contacts. The goal of these measures, as argued by the proponents, is to curtail community transmission of the virus to enable herd immunity. The enforcement of these measures attracted contradictions related to human rights and citizen duty. In the Global North, the rising cases of COVID-19 have been linked to resistance to regulations aimed at containing the virus. Predominantly, the younger generation perceive these measures as infringements on their freedoms and rights. Conversely, in the Global South, the implementation of COVID-19 measures has been marred by instances of human rights violations and extra-judicial killings in extreme cases. There are reported cases of arbitrary arrests, battery, and extortions consequent upon the enforcement of physical distancing and use of face masks. The paradox of the differential experiences between the Global North and South informed this article. Relying on extant literature and Procedural Justice Theory, the authors submit that rights and duties are not mutually exclusive, but can be blended through a proactive participatory process within a democratic framework. The article recommends a multi-level legislative framework for disaster management.

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The collateral fallout of COVID19 lockdown on patients with head injury from north-west India

Cited by 19 publications

References 39 publications

Referrals to Early Specialized Rehabilitation after Traumatic Brain Injury during the Covid-19 Pandemic

Referrals to Early Specialized Rehabilitation after Traumatic Brain Injury during the Covid-19 Pandemic

Reallocation of Hospital Resources During COVID‐19 Pandemic and Effect on Trauma Outcomes in a Resource‐Limited Setting

Of COVID-19 Transmission Control

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