The combination of thymol and cinnamaldehyde reduces the survival and virulence of Listeria monocytogenes on autoclaved chicken breast

Abstract

Aims:To reveal the antibacterial mechanism of the combination of thymol and cinnamaldehyde to Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19115 on autoclaved chicken breast. Methods and Results:In this study, L. monocytogenes ATCC 19115 on autoclaved chicken breast was exposed to the stress of 125 μg/ml thymol and 125 μg/ml cinnamaldehyde, and transcriptome analysis was used to reveal the crucial antibacterial mechanism. According to the results, 1303 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Treated by thymol and cinnamaldehyde in combination, pyrimidine and branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis of L. monocytogenes were thwarted which impairs its nucleic acid biosynthesis and intracellular metabolism. The up-regulated DEGs involved in membrane composition and function contributed to membrane repair. Besides, pyruvate catabolism and TCA cycle were restrained which brought about the disturbance of amino acid metabolism. ABC transporters were also perturbed, for instance, the uptake of cysteine, D-methionine, and betaine was activated, while the uptake of vitamin, iron, and carnitine was repressed. Thus, L. monocytogenes tended to activate PTS, glycolysis, glycerol catabolism, and pentose phosphate pathways to obtain energy to adapt to the hostile condition. Noticeably, DEGs involved in virulence factors were totally down-regulated, including genes devoted to encoding flagella, chemotaxis, biofilm formation, internalin as well as virulence gene clusters. Conclusions:The combination of thymol and cinnamaldehyde is effective to reduce the survival and potential virulence of L. monocytogenes on autoclaved chicken breast.

Impact of sodium alginate‐based film loaded with resveratrol and thymol on the shelf life of cooked sausage and the inoculated Listeria monocytogenes

“…According to the information in Table 4 , RES 2 + THY 2 treatment had the highest antibacterial effect with a 2.05 log 10 cycle reduction in bacterial population compared to the CON group ( p ≤ .05). THY induces the dissipation of intracellular metabolites in L. monocytogenes by changing the membrane structure and permeability (Liang et al, 2022 ). RES, in addition to direct antibacterial effects (such as DNA damage, inhibition of enzymes involved in the electron transport chain, and disruption of cell division), probably facilitates the penetration of higher amounts of THY into L. monocytogenes cells by disrupting the permeability of the cell membrane (Li et al, 2023 ).…”

“…| 7867 HASHEMI et al monocytogenes by changing the membrane structure and permeability (Liang et al, 2022). RES, in addition to direct antibacterial effects (such as DNA damage, inhibition of enzymes involved in the electron transport chain, and disruption of cell division), probably facilitates the penetration of higher amounts of THY into L. monocytogenes cells by disrupting the permeability of the cell membrane (Li et al, 2023).…”

Heating temperatures affect meat quality and vibrational spectroscopic properties of slow- and fast-growing chickens

“…Whole breast meat samples from each treatment were cut into 4.0 × 4.0 × 0.5 cm pieces and divided into 200 g of raw chicken meat, which were packed in a nylon/polyethylene vacuum bag and heated in a water bath set at 70°C and 90°C for 40 min. For extremely high cooking temperature, samples were packed in a nylon/polyethylene vacuum bag and heated in an autoclave set at 121°C for 40 min ( Liang et al, 2022 ). Temperature was monitored by inserting a thermocouple into the middle of 200-g sample packed in nylon/polyethylene vacuum bags, which attained the set temperature in each treatment.…”