The combined effect of arbuscular mycorrhizas and short‐term cold exposure on wheat

Paradis, R. O.; Dalpé, Yolande; Charest, Christiane

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1995.tb03032.x

Cited by 41 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Our study found that AM colonization could enhance chlorophyll concentration of maize leaves at both optimal and suboptimal temperatures, which was in agreement with the results of wheat under cold stress by Paradis et al (1995). However, Charest et al (1993) found that mycorrhizal maize had lower chlorophyll concentration than non-mycorrhizal plants.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Also, mycorrhizal root colonization changes under low temperature (Hayman 1974;Hetrick and Bloom 1984;Liu et al 2004). AM colonization could affect leaf water potential of bean plants (EI-Tohamy et al 1999), chlorophyll concentration in the leaves of maize (Charest et al 1993) and wheat plants (Paradis et al 1995). It's well known that temperature, water and photosynthesis are extremely important to plants growth and productivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Many researchers reported that AM fungi could affect plant growth (Anderson et al 1987;Volkmar and Woodbury 1989), nutrition uptake and transport (Wang et al 2002;Hawkes et al 2008), metabolite content (Charest et al 1993;Paradis et al 1995). Also, mycorrhizal root colonization changes under low temperature (Hayman 1974;Hetrick and Bloom 1984;Liu et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Arbuscular mycorrhizae improves low temperature stress in maize via alterations in host water status and photosynthesis

2009

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The effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus, Glomus etunicatum, on growth, water status, chlorophyll concentration and photosynthesis in maize (Zea mays L.) plants was investigated in pot culture under low temperature stress. The maize plants were placed in a sand and soil mixture at 25°C for 7 weeks, and then subjected to 5°C, 15°C and 25°C for 1 week. Low temperature stress decreased AM root colonization. AM symbiosis stimulated plant growth and had higher root dry weight at all temperature treatments. Mycorrhizal plants had better water status than corresponding non-mycorrhizal plants, and significant differences were found in water conservation (WC) and water use efficiency (WUE) regardless of temperature treatments. AM colonization increased the concentrations of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and chlorophyll a + b. The maximal fluorescence (Fm), maximum quantum efficiency of PSII primary photochemistry (Fv/Fm) and potential photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fo) were higher, but primary fluorescence (Fo) was lower in AM plants compared with non-AM plants. AM inoculation notably increased net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and transpiration rate (E) of maize plants. Mycorrhizal plants had higher stomatal conductance (g s ) than non-mycorrhizal plants with significant difference only at 5°C. Intercellular CO 2 concentration (Ci) was lower in mycorrhizal than that in nonmycorrhizal plants, especially under low temperature stress. The results indicated that AM symbiosis protect maize plants against low temperature stress through improving the water status and photosynthetic capacity. AbbreviationsAM arbuscular mycorrhiza Ci intercellular CO 2 concentration E transpiration rate Fm maximal fluorescence Fo primary fluorescence Fv/Fm maximum quantum efficiency of PSII primary photochemistry Fv/Fo potential photochemical efficiency g s stomatal conductance Pn net photosynthetic rate PSII photosystem II RWC relative water content WC water conservation Plant Soil (2010) 331:129-137

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Arbuscular mycorrhizae improves low temperature stress in maize via alterations in host water status and photosynthesis

2009

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“…), Andersen et al (1987) found greater relative leaf area and growth rates of arbuscular mycorrhizal seedlings compared with rates for non-mycorrhizal seedlings at 7.5 and 11.5°C, similar rates at 15.5°C, and greater rates in non-mycorrhizal seedlings at 20°C. Paradis et al (1995)• found that mycorrhizal wheat plants had higher concentrations of chlorophyll and non-reducing sugars than non-mycorrhizal at 5 but not at 25°C. Zhang et al (1995) examined sub-optimal root zone temperatures and the development of the soybean-AM…”

Section: Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of adverse soil conditions on the formation and function of Arbuscular mycorrhizas

Entry

Rygiewicz

Watrud

et al. 2002

Advances in Environmental Research

205

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The majority of plants have mycorrhizal fungi associated with them. Mycorrhizal fungi are ecologically significant because they form relationships in and on the roots of a host plant in a symbiotic association. The host plant provides the fungus with soluble carbon sources, and the fungus provides the host plant with an increased capacity to absorb water and nutrients from the soil. Adverse conditions are a pervasive feature in both natural and agronomic soils. The soil environment is constantly changing with regard to moisture, temperature and nutrient availability. In addition, soil properties are often manipulated to improve crop yields. In many cases, soils may be contaminated through disposal of chemicals that are toxic to plants and microorganisms. The formation and function of mycorrhizal relationships are affected by edaphic conditions such as soil composition, moisture, temperature, pH, cation exchange capacity, and also by anthropogenic stressors including soil compaction, metals and pesticides. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are of interest for their reported roles in alleviation of diverse soil-associated plant stressors, including those induced by metals and polychlorinated aliphatic and phenolic pollutants. Much mycorrhizal research has investigated the impact of extremes in water, temperature, pH and inorganic nutrient availability on mycorrhizal formation and nutrient acquisition. Evaluation of the efficacy of plant-mycorrhizal associations to remediate soils contaminated with toxic materials deserves increased attention. Before the full potential benefits of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to reclaim contaminated soils can be realized, research advances are needed to improve our understanding of the physiology of mycorrhizae subjected to adverse physical and chemical conditions. This paper will review literature and discuss the implications of soil contamination on formation and function of arbuscular mycorrhizal associations. C

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“…Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis is a very ancient interaction between plant roots and zygomycetes fungi (Morton & Benny 1990). It is believed that AM symbiosis occurs in over 90% of terrestrial plants; it significantly increases tolerance to drought, nutrient deficiency, cold or warm temperature, and, in some cases, heavy metal contamination , Davies et al 2001, Paradis et al 1995, Subramanian et al 1997, Subramanian & Charest, 1998. Recent phytoremediation studies that incorporated the AM-variable have had mixed findings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of AM colonization on “wild tobacco” plants grown in zinc-contaminated soil

Audet

Charest

2006

Mycorrhiza

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This greenhouse study aimed to determine the effect of colonization by the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus (Glomus intraradices Schenck & Smith) on the 'wild' tobacco (Nicotiana rustica L. var. Azteca), under soil-zinc (Zn) conditions. Plants of N. rustica were grown in AM or non-AM inoculated substrate and subjected to four soil- [Zn] concentrations (0, 50, 100, and 250mg Zn kg -1 dry soil). The AM root colonization increased markedly from 14% to 81% with the increasing soil-[Zn] and the mycorrhizal structures were significantly more abundant at the highest soil- [Zn], suggesting that Zn may be involved directly or indirectly in AM root colonization. In addition, total Zn content or Zn concentrations in shoots and roots were shown to increase as soil-[Zn] increased in both AM and non-AM plants. As for the growth parameters studied, there were no significant differences between treatments despite the increase in Zn content or concentration. The AM roots subjected to the highest soil-[Zn] had a significant reduction by about 50% of total Zn content and Zn concentration compared to non-AM roots.The percent Zn extracted in shoots and roots decreased as soil- [Zn] increased, while the extracted-Zn % was lower in AM treatments for shoots at 100- [Zn] and roots at 50- [Zn]. SoilpH was significantly lower in non-AM than AM treatments at the highest soil- [Zn]. In summary, AM plants (particularly roots) showed lower Zn content and concentration than non-AM plants.In this regard, the AM fungi have a protective role for the host host plant, thus playing an important role in soil-contaminated immobilization processes; and, therefore, be of value in phytoremediation, especially when heavy metals approach toxic levels in the soil.

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The combined effect of arbuscular mycorrhizas and short‐term cold exposure on wheat

Cited by 41 publications

References 39 publications

Arbuscular mycorrhizae improves low temperature stress in maize via alterations in host water status and photosynthesis

Arbuscular mycorrhizae improves low temperature stress in maize via alterations in host water status and photosynthesis

Influence of adverse soil conditions on the formation and function of Arbuscular mycorrhizas

Effects of AM colonization on “wild tobacco” plants grown in zinc-contaminated soil

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