The Competitive Interaction Between Barley Plants Grown From Large and Small Seeds

Kaufmann, M. L.; McFadden, A. D.

doi:10.4141/cjps60-092

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Broad individual variability in seed size suggests that this is unlikely in 0. quadripartita. In general, seed size is a good predictor of the likelihood of seedling establishment success through effects upon germination and seedling vigor (e.g., Kaufmann and McFadden 1960, Symonides 1978, Weis 1982, Dunlap and Barnett 1983. Seed size may be particularly important in 0. quadripartita, whose seedlings have to survive on their own reserves until haustorial connections are established with a host (up to 1 yr; C. M. Herrera, personal observation).…”

Section: Correlates Of Realized Reproductive Outputmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fruiting Ecology of Osyris Quadripartita: Individual Variation and Evolutionary Potential

Herrera¹

1988

Ecology

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Abstract. The fruiting ecology of Osyris quadripartita (Santalaceae), a hemiparasitic evergreen shrub, was studied over a 4-yr period in a Mediterranean scrubland of southern Spain. In addition to describing the natural history of seed dispersal in this species, objectives of the study were (1) to document patterns of individual and annual variation in seed-dispersal-related traits (fruit characteristics, crop size, fruiting phenology); (2) to determine the consequences, in terms of dispersal success, of individual variability; and (3) to examine the significance, in terms of differential reproductive output, of individual variability in dispersal-related attributes, in an attempt to evaluate the evolutionary potential for modification of these traits. In this species during the 4-yr period considered, dispersal-related traits, although relevant to dispersal rates, were unrelated to individual differences in fitness because dispersal rates were irrelevant to fitness.0 . quadripartita plants produce ripe fruits almost continuously, and most individuals have fruiting periods virtually encompassing the entire year. Significant individual variation exists in average fruiting schedule, crop size, and fruit characteristics. The peak of the fruiting period of individual plants may occur in almost any month of the year. Phenology, crop size, and fruit characteristics differ in the degree to which differences between individuals remain consistent from year to year in the face of population variation in these variables. Individual differences in crop size remain invariant among years, while differences in phenology and fruit characteristics do not. Individual variation in crop size is related to flower number, while annual differences are explained by variation in summer rainfall through influences on latent ovary abortion rates. There is within-plant seasonal variation in fruit characteristics, and there are also significant interplant and interannual differences in the way fruit characteristics change seasonally. Avian frugivores are present in the habitat throughout the year, but seasonal changes in abundance and amount of frugivory delimit distinct periods of high and low demand for 0.quadripartita fruits. The probability of damage to ripe fruits depends on time of year (although there is considerable annual variation), crop size, and fruit size. Large fruits in small crops predictably face the highest probabilities of damage, and small fruits in large crops the lowest. The relation between the probability of damage and crop size, however, varied among plants and seasonally.Individual differences in fruit characteristics and crop size, but not in phenology, are related to individual variation in seed dispersal rates (proportion of ripe fruits dispersed). Nevertheless, dispersal rate accounts for only 0.2% of individual variation in relative contribution to the population's realized reproductive output, while estimated total number of fruits ripened accounts for 96%. This pattern is consistent from year to year. Compon...

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Section: Correlates Of Realized Reproductive Outputmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fruiting Ecology of Osyris Quadripartita: Individual Variation and Evolutionary Potential

Herrera¹

1988

Ecology

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“…Seed size has long been held as a significant factor in determining the rate of seedling growth (Kaufmann and Guitard 1967;Kaufmann and McFadden 1960;Kiesselbach 1924), but only recently has the chemical composition of the seeds been shown to be also of importance. Seed protein content in a range of species, wheat, oats, and beans has bien positively coffelated to seedling vigor and also yield at plant maturity (Ries et al 1910;Ries 1971;Schweizer and Ries 1969).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Environment on the Relation Between Seed Protein and Seedling Vigor in Wheat

Lowe¹,

Ries²

1972

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…Tworow cultivars produce more leaves and tillers than six-row cultivars (Kirby and Riggs 1978). Kaufmann and McFadden (1960) reported a positive effect of seed size on tiller number. Cultivar differences for tiller production and survival are more apparent at low than at high planting densities (Baker and Briggs 1982;Birch and Long 1990), since higher-order tillers are suppressed at higher densities.…”

Section: Tilleringmentioning

confidence: 98%

Barley: Physiology of Yield

Smith¹,

Dijak²,

Bulman³

et al. 1999

Crop Yield

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Physiology describes the operation of a plant at the biochemical, cell, tissue, organ and whole plant levels, recognizing that all of these are under the control of the plant genome. In the case of crop plants we are interested in how the combined operation of all plant's functions leads to the production of the harvestable component which, in cereal crops, is generally grain. Broadly speaking, the most important of the physiological activities in a crop plant with regard to yield are dry matter production, nutrient uptake, plant component partitioning and the processes of development (especially grain filling and the other aspects of yield component development). The developmental processes occur sequentially in time and involve progressive shifts in physiology. As barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a feed grain and a major source of malting grain for beer and spirits, aspects of physiology that affect the amount of grain produced and its quality (the amount of energy and protein) are of special interest.

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The Competitive Interaction Between Barley Plants Grown From Large and Small Seeds

Cited by 27 publications

References 1 publication

The Fruiting Ecology of Osyris Quadripartita: Individual Variation and Evolutionary Potential

The Fruiting Ecology of Osyris Quadripartita: Individual Variation and Evolutionary Potential

Effects of Environment on the Relation Between Seed Protein and Seedling Vigor in Wheat

Barley: Physiology of Yield

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