The Complement System of the Teleost Fish <i>Sparus aurata</i>

Süner, Özgür; Tort, L.

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb33598.x

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Physiologically, anaphylatoxins are proinflammation peptides mediating smooth muscle contraction, histamine release from mast cells, and increase in vascular permeability. A similar role for this anaphylatoxin has been reported in several teleost fish [25–27]. …”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Molecular and expression analysis of complement component C5 in the nurse shark (Ginglymostoma cirratum) and its predicted functional role

Graham

Shin

Smith

2009

Fish & Shellfish Immunology

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We present the complete cDNA sequence of shark (Ginglymostoma cirratum) pro-C5 and its molecular characterization with a descriptive analysis of the structural elements necessary for its potential functional role as a potent mediator of inflammation (fragment C5a) and initiator molecule (fragment C5b) for the assembly of the membrane attack complex (MAC) upon activation by C5 convertase. In mammals the three complement activation cascades, the classical, alternative and lectin pathways, converge at the activation of C3, a pivotal complement protein. It is, however, the subsequent activation of the next complement component, C5, which is the focal point at which the initiation of the terminal lytic pathway takes place and involves the stepwise assembly of the MAC. The effector cytolytic function of complement occurs with the insertion of MAC into target membranes causing dough-nut like holes and cell leakage. The lytic activity of shark complement results in structurally similar holes in target membranes suggesting the assembly of a shark MAC that likely involves a functional analogue of C5. The composition of shark MAC remains unresolved and to date conclusive evidence has been lacking for shark C5. The gene has not been cloned nor has the serum protein been characterized for any elasmobranch species. This report is the first to confirm the presence of C5 homologue in the shark. GcC5 is remarkably similar to human C5 in overall structure and domain arrangement. The GcC5 cDNA measured 5160-bp with 5′ and 3′ UTRs of 35bp and 79bp, respectively. Structural analysis of the derived protein sequence predicts a molecule that is a two-chain structure which lacks a thiolester bond and contains a C5 convertase cleavage site indicating that activation will generate two peptides, akin to C5b and C5a. The putative GcC5 molecule also contains the C-terminal C345C/Netrin module that characterizes C3, C4 and C5. Multiple alignment of deduced amino acid sequences show that GcC5 shares more amino acid identities/similarities with mammals than that with bony fish. We conclude that at the time of emergence of sharks the elaborate mosaic structure of C5 had already evolved.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Molecular and expression analysis of complement component C5 in the nurse shark (Ginglymostoma cirratum) and its predicted functional role

Graham

Shin

Smith

2009

Fish & Shellfish Immunology

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“…The alternative complement pathway has emerged as a powerful non-specific defense mechanism for protecting fish against a wide range of potentially invasive organisms and has been described in many fish species [46,47]. In the present study, all groups of fish fed with 10 mg, 50 mg and 200 mg mistletoe powder kg À1 dry diet for 80 days showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher natural complement activity (except for group B on day 40) as compared to the control throughout the feeding periods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of mistletoe, Viscum album coloratum, extract on innate immune response of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Park

Choi

2012

Fish & Shellfish Immunology

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“…The alternative complement pathway is considered as one of the main non‐specific immune responses and has been described in many fish species (Jenkins et al. 1991; Sunyer & Tort 1994). Although the mechanism of action of vitamin C on complement activity is not known, the fact that leucocytes are the site of production of some of the complement proteins suggest that an alteration of their function caused by oxidation of the membrane lipids may alter the synthesis of some of these proteins as reported by Obach et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary vitamin C on immunity, growth and survival of Indian major carp Labeo rohita, fingerlings

Misra¹,

Das²,

Mukherjee³

et al. 2007

Aquaculture Nutrition

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An 8‐week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of dietary l‐ascorbic acid (AA) dosages on immunity, growth and survival of the fingerlings of Labeo rohita. AA was supplemented at 0, 100, 200 and 500 mg kg−1 basal diets. Each diet was fed for 8 weeks to duplicate groups of fingerlings of rohu with initial body weight of 35 ± 5 g. Selected biochemical and haematological analyses were evaluated every second week. At the end of the feeding trial of 56 days, fish were divided into two subgroups under each major treatment group for challenge with two pathogens, Aeromonas hydrophila and Edwardsiella tarda. The mortality (%) and agglutinating antibody titre were recorded on 28th day postchallenge. Non‐specific immune parameters like superoxide anion production, lysozyme activity and complement activity increased independently of the levels of AA in the diet. Whereas phagocytic ratio, phagocytic indices, lymphokine production indices and serum bactericidal activity were better in the group of fish fed with 200 mg AA kg−1 feed for 42 days. However, growth parameters such as specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio and survival were better in the group of fish fed with the highest level of AA through feed for 56 days. These data indicated that elevated levels of dietary AA could be recommended for optimum immunity, growth and survival of fingerlings of L. rohita.

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The Complement System of the Teleost Fish Sparus aurata

Cited by 16 publications

References 3 publications

Molecular and expression analysis of complement component C5 in the nurse shark (Ginglymostoma cirratum) and its predicted functional role

Molecular and expression analysis of complement component C5 in the nurse shark (Ginglymostoma cirratum) and its predicted functional role

The effect of mistletoe, Viscum album coloratum, extract on innate immune response of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Effects of dietary vitamin C on immunity, growth and survival of Indian major carp Labeo rohita, fingerlings

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