The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Bactrocera carambolae (Diptera: Tephritidae): Genome Description and Phylogenetic Implications

Abstract

Bactrocera carambolae is one of the approximately 100 sibling species of the Bactrocera dorsalis complex and considered to be very closely related to B. dorsalis. Due to their high morphological similarity and overlapping distribution, as well as to their economic impact and quarantine status, the development of reliable markers for species delimitation between the two taxa is of great importance. Here we present the complete mitochondrial genome of B. carambolae sourced from its native range in Malaysia and its invaded territory in Suriname. The mitogenome of B. carambolae presents the typical organization of an insect mitochondrion. Comparisons of the analyzed B. carambolae sequences to all available complete mitochondrial sequences of B. dorsalis revealed several species-specific polymorphic sites. Phylogenetic analysis based on Bactrocera mitogenomes supports that B. carambolae is a differentiated taxon though closely related to B. dorsalis. The present complete mitochondrial sequences of B. carambolae could be used, in the frame of Integrative Taxonomy, for species discrimination and resolution of the phylogenetic relationships within this taxonomically challenging complex, which would facilitate the application of species-specific population suppression strategies, such as the sterile insect technique.

Mitogenomic Comparison of the Mole Crickets Gryllotalpidae with the Phylogenetic Implications (Orthoptera: Ensifera)

“…The mitochondrial genomes (or mitogenomes) of insects are double-stranded circular molecules with lengths ranging from approximately 15 kb to 20 kb, and generally comprise 37 genes with 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), two ribosome RNA genes (rRNAs) and a non-coding control region (CR) [ 1 ]. Mitogenomes are one of the most information-rich characteristics, and are useful in phylogeny, evolutionary history, species delimitation and population genetics [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Such studies have been well documented in many insect groups, and greatly contributed to understanding their phylogeny and evolution [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ].…”

Mitochondrial genomes of 10 Mantidae species and their phylogenetic implications

“…The mitogenome is the most extensively studied genomic system of insects (Cameron, 2014). Because of their high copy number per cell, small size, simple structure, maternal inheritance, relatively high evolution rate, and conserved gene components (Avise, 2009; Cameron, 2014; Osigus et al, 2013; Simon et al, 2006), mitochondriaal DNA (mtDNA) has been extensively applied to phylogenetic studies, species delimitation, inferring population genetic structures, phylogeographic patterns, and so forth (Afriyie et al, 2020; Boore & Brown, 1998; Drosopoulou et al, 2019; Marlétaz et al, 2017).…”

Comparative mitogenomics of Drosophilidae and the evolution of the Zygothrica genus group (Diptera, Drosophilidae)

“…According to Saito et al (2005), these elements serve as recognition signals for proteins related to replication initiation, so that it is possible that origins of replication are in their vicinity. The newly characterized genomes also present the A+T bias typical of insect mitogenomes (Sun et al 2016;Oliveira et al 2016;da Costa et al 2019;Wei et al 2010;Shao et al 2001;Shi et al 2016a, b), with asymmetric nucleotide composition between strands. This feature seems to be related to the replication mode, in which each strand initiates replication at different sites and, consequently, one strand spends more time as a single strand, becoming more susceptible to mutations (Cameron 2014).…”

“…One of the first invertebrate complete mitogenomes was described in 1985 for Drosophila yakuba Burla, 1954 (Drosophilidae, Diptera), and possessed 16,019 bp distributed among 37 genes [13 protein coding genes, two ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes and 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes], an A+T rich region (the Control Region -CR) and other shorter intergenic spaces (O'Clary and Wolstenholme 1985). Since then, many insect mitogenomes were sequenced and characterized (De Ré et al 2014;Oliveira et al 2016;da Costa et al 2019), allowing the inference of the insect ancestral genome, called PanCrustacea Gene Order (PanGO) (Boore et al 1998). In fact, exceptions to this gene order among insects are until now restricted to some species of Hymenoptera (Wei et al 2010;Oliveira et al 2016), Psocoptera (Shi et al 2016a, b) and Phthiraptera (Shao et al 2001).…”